ABSTRACT
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic and dual infection of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are now altering the role of chest radiography (CR) in TB control. The role has been gaining increasing importance, especially as HIV-associated TB and childhood TB are less likely to show positive smears. However, CR with poor image quality can cause misdiagnoses or require repeated examinations, wasting economic resources and exposing patients to unnecessary radiation. In order to improve the image quality of CR, the Tuberculosis Coalition for Technical Assistance (TBCTA) developed an assessment tool for CR categorized on the basis of six factors as “excellent,” “good,” “fair,” and “poor.” With the aim of disseminating the assessment tool, five-day international training sessions were held in Cambodia and Kenya in 2009. This field report summarizes the international training activities and documents the findings after the trainings.<BR>A total of thirty-four participants from 14 countries were trained and assigned to conduct an assessment upon their return. The results from nine countries showed that the quality of CR ranged from 90% excellent or good in Bangladesh to over 90% fair or poor in Afghanistan. Of 69 health facilities, only 4 apply more than 120kV and above. This is one of the considerable factors behind the sub-optimal quality of CR in these countries.