ABSTRACT
Chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) complicates 5.7% of thoracic aortic aneurysm. DIC with thoracic aortic aneurysm is characterized by hyperfibrinolysis, but usually shows a stable condition in a state of compensated non-overt DIC with limited hemorrhagic symptoms. However, in some cases, hemorrhage caused by external factors may induce uncompensated overt DIC and lead to serious hemorrhagic tendencies. In the present study, we report a patient with a thoracic aortic aneurysm complicated by DIC who exhibited marked hemorrhagic tendencies. DIC remarkably improved following administration of recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin.
ABSTRACT
A 9-month-old boy who had been given a diagnosis of double outlet right ventricle (DORY), partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR), ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary hypertension (PH) and polysplenia with azygos connection, underwent pulmonary artery banding at the age of 6 months. At 2 months after surgery, a chest computed tomogram revealed a main pulmonary artery aneurysm and a main pulmonary artery-right pulmonary artery fistula caused by bacterial endocarditis due to a methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>. We performed pulmonary arterioplasty and re-pulmonary artery banding for acute aggravation of cardiac insufficiency and obtained good results. This is an extremely rare case that was treated infectious pulmonary artery aneurysm and fistula after pulmonary artery banding.
ABSTRACT
Preoperative evaluation of cardiac anatomy is essential to determine the correct surgical procedure for congenital heart disease. Multi-detector row CT (MDCT) is a useful alternative imaging modality to cardiac catheterization and echocardiography. Sixteen patients (12 with total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) and 4 with aortic arch anomalies) underwent 16-slice multi-detector row CT scanning. Three-dimensional reconstruction by MDCT was useful to determine the type of TAPVR and the presence of pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) in TAPVR patients, as well as to detect postoperative PVO in patients who underwent intracardiac repair. In 2 patients who had asplenia associated with TAPVR III and I a, MDCT enabled an intra-atrial approach for TAPVR repair by precise preoperative determination of the relationship between the common PV chamber and single atrium. In patients with aortic arch anomalies, MDCT was useful to determine the type of anomaly, the presence of arch hypoplasia, and any associated rare vascular anomalies (including isolated subclavian artery, and the right-sided descending aorta with left aortic arch). In conclusion, MDCT provides reliable preoperative evaluation of pulmonary venous return and aortic arch anatomy, and therefore is extremely useful for surgical management of congenital heart disease.
ABSTRACT
We have studied potential for pulmonary circulational assist by the dynamic Fontan model with a skeletal muscle ventricle (SMV) constructed using the latissimus dorsi muscles of 5 dogs. After 2 weeks of vascular delay, the SMV was electrically preconditioned for 8 weeks. Under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the right heart (RV) bypass model was established with the SMV anastomosed between the right atrium and pulmonary trunk. The SMV was paced at a burst frequency of 25Hz, 60/min, with an asynchronization ratio. The aortic pressure (AoP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), central venous pressure (CVP), and pulmonary flow (PAF) were measured. Just after on-SMV, PAP and PAF increased, CVP decreased. CVP decreased from 17±1.4mmHg to 13.5±0.7mmHg (<i>p</i><0.05). PAP increased from 20±2.8/19±1.6mmHg (non-pulsatile flow) to 37.5±4.9/18±2.1mmHg (pulsatile flow). After CPB, pulmonary vascular resistance (Rp) showed 5.9±1.5 Wood units corresponding to a high risk factor for the Fontan procedure. On this Rp, under off-SMV the CVP was 18mmHg and severe RV failure was recognized as PAF was 35% of the preoperative value. Under on-SMV, CVP decreased and PAF was almost the same as the preoperative value. On physiological CVP, an RV bypass model with intrathoracic SMV maintained PAF at the preoperative value under high Rp. We concluded that this model may be a viable surgical option for univentricular heart with high Rp, which may not be Fontan candidates.