A retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and prognostic factors for 152 cases of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection / 中华预防医学杂志

To understand the clinical characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection and the main risk factors affecting clinical prognosis, providing a reference for clinical prevention and control of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection. In this study, the clinical data of 152 patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection admitted to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing the electronic medical record system, including underlying diseases, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and bacterial resistance. Statistical methods such as Chi-Squared Test and t Test were used to analyze the related risk factors that may affect the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection, then the variables with P<0.05 in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model to analyze the independent risk factors of poor prognosis. The results showed among 152 patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection, 50 patients (32.89%) were infected with MRSA. In comparison, 102 patients (67.11%) were infected with methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Except for rifampicin, the resistance rate of MRSA to commonly used antibiotics was all higher than that of MSSA, and the difference was statistically significant (Chi-square values were 8.272, 11.972, 4.998, 4.776, respectively;all P-values are less than 0.05). Strains resistant to vancomycin, linezolid, and quinupristin/dalfopristin were not found. In the MRSA group, indwelling catheter and drainage tube, carbapenems, and β-lactamase inhibitor treatment were significantly higher than the MSSA group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of poor prognosis of bloodstream infection in the MRSA group was higher than that in the MSSA group (34.00% vs 13.73%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.495, P<0.05). No independent risk factors associated with poor prognosis were found in the included patients with MRSA bloodstream infection.Multivariate Logistic regression model analysis showed that solid malignant tumors (OR=13.576, 95%CI: 3.352-54.977, P<0.05), mechanical ventilation (OR=7.468, 95%CI: 1.398-39.884, P<0.05) were the most important independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection. In summary, the poor prognosis rate of MRSA bloodstream infection is higher than that of MSSA. The clinical evaluation of related risk factors should be strengthened, targeted prevention and control interventions should be taken to improve the prognosis of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection, and the use of antibiotics should be rational and standardized, to control bacterial infection and drug resistance effectively .

Distribution of hypoxia inducible factor 3A gene rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 single nucleotide polymorphisms in Guangxi Han population / 解剖学报

Objective To study the distribution of hypoxia inducible factor ( HIF ) 3A gene single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in Guangxi Han population and compare their distribution differences with different populations. Methods We conducted SNPscan technique to detect the genotypes of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 on 286 Guangxi Han population included in the study and statistically analyzed the genotype and allele frequency and the HapMap-CEU, HapMap- HCB, HapMap-JPT, HapMap-GIH and HapMap-MEX data differences. Results Three genotypes, AA, AG and GG, were found in rsl 1672731 of HIF3A, with frequency of 42.7%, 45. 5% and 11. 8%, respectively, the allele frequencies of A and G were 65.5% and 34.5%, respectively. Three genotypes of CC, CT and TT, were found for rs2072491 with frequency distributions of 47.6%, 43.0% and 9.4%, respectively, the allele frequencies of C and T were 69.1% and 30.9%, respectively. There was no significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 between different genders in Guangxi Han population (P>0. 05). However, compared with the typing data of CEU, HCB, JPT, GHI, TSI and MEX from human genome project (HapMap), the genotype and allele frequencies of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 were not significantly different from those of HCB and JPT (P>0. 05). The genotype and allele frequencies of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 were statistically different with the date of CEU, GIH, TSI and MEX published by the HapMap (P<0.05). Conclusion The polymorphisms of HIF3A gene rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 have differences on different populations.

Relationship between IKZF3 Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IKAROS family Zinc finger 3 (IKZF3) gene and the risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children.@*METHODS@#The peripheral blood samples from 286 children with ALL and 382 healthy children were collected and divided into ALL group and control group, respectively. The genotypes of IKZF3 gene at rs62066988 C > T and rs12946510 C > T were detected by quantitative PCR with TaqMan detection system, and their correlation with ALL was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The distribution frequencies of CC, CT and TT genotypes at rs62066988 in ALL group were 58.39%, 37.06% and 4.55%, respectively, while those in control group were 69.19%, 27.68% and 3.13%, respectively. The distribution frequencies of CC, CT and TT genotypes at rs12946510 in ALL group were 58.16%, 34.75% and 7.09%, respectively, while those in control group were 55.76%, 37.43% and 6.81%, respectively. Compared with the control group, the distribution frequency of CT/TT genotype at rs62066988 was significantly increased in the ALL group (OR=1.59, 95%CI: 1.16-2.19, P=0.004). However, there was no significant difference in the distribution of rs12946510 C > T polymorphism between ALL group and control group.@*CONCLUSION@#The CT/TT genotype of IKZF3 at the site of rs62066988 is associated with the increased risk of ALL in children.

Study on safflower yellow for injection based on cell degranulation and acute anaphylactoid model / 中国中药杂志

This paper was aimed to establish screening methods of anaphylactoid reaction caused by safflower yellow for injection based on RBL-2 H3 cell degranulation model and mice model for acute anaphylactoid reaction,and evaluate the hypersensitivity caused by safflower yellow for injection from different batches. An in vitro cell model was used to keep the cells stimulated for an hour with different batches of safflower yellow for injection as the drug group,serum-free MEM medium as negative control group and 30 mg·L-1 C48/80 as positive control group respectively. The supernatant was then absorbed,and neutral red staining technique was used to detect the effect of safflower yellow injection on the degranulation of RBL-2 H3 cells with the positive cell rate of degranulation as the indicator.An in vivo model was established to validate the experimental results,and mice model for acute anaphylactoid reaction and ELISA method were adopted to detect the plasma histamine content,and screen the hypersensitivity caused by safflower yellow for injection at the animal level by using plasma histamine content as a test index. The results of the neutral red staining experiments showed that the positive control C48/80 could cause cell degranulation,and most of the cells were deeply stained. There was significant difference in positive cell rate between different batches of safflower yellow and positive control group. In the mice model for acute anaphylactoid reaction,it was found that the positive control C48/80 significantly increased the histamine content in the plasma of mice,while the safflower yellow in each batch did not cause a significant increase in plasma histamine( P<0. 000 1). The mechanism of anaphylactoid reaction is relatively complicated. This study was mainly based on the release of histamine and other active substances by degranulation of mast cells. No significant degranulation reaction of RBL-2 H3 cells induced by safflower yellow for injection was detected,nor was the plasma histamine level significantly increased in mice from the in vitro and in vivo aspects.

Research on network pharmacology of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma combined with Curcumae Radix in treating epilepsy / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents and action targets of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Curcumae Radix were screened by network pharmacological method,and the mechanism of the combination of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Curcumae Radix in the treatment of epilepsy was analyzed. All chemical constituents of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Curcumae Radix were retrieved by TCMSP,and their action targets were screened. Component target PPI network was constructed. Epilepsy-related genes were retrieved from PharmGkb database,and PPI networks of disease targets were drawn by Cytoscape software. Cytoscape software was used to merge the network,screen the core network,and further analyze the gene GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment,which was verified by experimental research. One hundred and five chemical constituents of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and 222 chemical constituents of Curcumae Radix were retrieved. Nineteen compounds were selected as candidate compounds according to OB and DL values. Among them,4 chemical constituents of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and 15 chemical constituents of Curcumae Radix were found. A total of 88 target proteins were retrieved by retrieving TCMSP data,and PPI network was constructed. Through PharmGkb database,29 epilepsy-related genes were retrieved and disease target network was established. Cytoscape software and plug-ins were used for network merging and core network screening,and 69 genes were screened out. Through GO function analysis and KEGG pathway analysis,the mechanism of anti-epilepsy is related to prolactin signaling pathway,HTLV-Ⅰ infection signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway and herpes simplex infection signaling pathway. Further experimental verification showed that the serum prolactin level in epileptic rats was significantly increased. The neurons in hippocampal CA1 area degenerated,necrotized and lost 24 hours after epileptic seizure,and some neuron interstitial edema occurred. The possible mechanism of compatibility of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma and Curcumae Radix is related to serum prolactin level,MAPK signaling pathway,HTLV-Ⅰ infection and herpes simplex infection. The analysis may be related to viral encephalitis caused by HTLV-Ⅰ virus and herpes simplex infection,which damages nerve cells and causes seizures.

Retrospective Analysis of 291 Cases of Medical Malpractice Involving Death / 法医学杂志

Objective To study the medical malpractice cases involving death, and discuss the identification ideas and methods of medical malpractice cases. Methods A total of 291 medical malpractice cases involving death accepted and settled from January 2012 to December 2017 at the Judicial Appraisal Center of Southern Medical University were collected. Based on the age, gender, hospital level, clinical department, whether or not autopsy was performed, cause of death, cause of medical mistakes, causality and causative potency of the appraised person, statistical analysis was made. Results There were more males than females in medical malpractice cases involving death. Mostly young adults or children were involved in these cases. The number of cases involving tertiary hospitals was the highest; among the clinical departments, the internal medicine department had the largest number of cases, followed by surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, etc. Autopsy rate has a trend of increasing year by year. Most patients die from the natural outcomes of their disease or ineffective treatment. Most hospitals have certain medical mistakes, and have an indirect correlation with the patient's death, mainly slight factors. Conclusion Judicial appraisal of medical malpractice should follow the principle of "one-effect and multi-cause", and comprehensively consider various factors such as, the diseases and constitution of the patient, natural outcomes of the diseases, the current medical technology and the level of diagnosis and treatment of the hospital, etc.

Ganglioglioma: a clinicopathological study of 19 cases / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To study the clinicopathologic features of ganglioglioma. Methods The clinicopathologic data of the cases pathologically diagnosed as ganglioglioma that underwent resection of epileptic focus were retrospectively analyzed. Results In the 19 cases studied, the mean onset age was 9.1 years, and the duration of disease was 9.3 years. MRI images showed abnormal signals. The majority of the site was temporal lobe (14/19, 73.7％). The tumors showed heterogeneity and often accompanied by focal cortical dysplasias (13/19, 68.4％). Immunohistochemical staining showed CD34 positive in 18 cases, Nestin positive in 16 cases, and BRAF-V600E positive in 6 case. The positive expression rate of CD34 and Nestin did not have significant differences. Conclusion The diagnosis of ganglioglioma relies on pathological observations combined with clinical features and neuroradiological examinations. Differential diagnosis should be done from other tumors or cortical dysplasia. Immunohistochemical staining of CD34 and Nestin can help diagnosis.

Early surgical intervention for acute incomplete cervical spinal cord injury: An analysis of 387 cases / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of early surgical intervention of acute incomplete cervical spinal cord injury and the selection of operative modes. Methods The clinical data of 462 patients incomplete cervical spinal cord injury, who were treated in our hospital from January 2003 to May 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 387 cases in the operation group (283 received anterior cervical decompression and bone graft fusion and internal fixation, 26 received anterior and posterior decompression, and 78 received simple posterior decompression) and 75 cases in non-operative group. The neurological function recovery of cervical spinal cord injury was evaluated by Frankel classification and ASIA scoring criteria. Results The patients were followed up for 12-27 months. The results showed that the Frankel classification was improved to different degrees in 432 cases, with an improvement rate of 93.51%. The improvement rate of operative treatment group was 98.45%, which was higher than that of the non-operative group (68.00%). The ASIA scores of both groups were increased after treatment (P<0.05), and the increase in the operation group was greater than the non-operation group (P<0.05). In addition, the ASIA improvement of the anterior and anterior plus posterior approach surgery was greater than that of the simple posterior approach surgery (P<0.05). Conclusion Early surgical intervention should be given to acute incomplete cervical spinal cord injury so as to promote the neuronal function recovery.

Design, synthesis and antitumor activity of farnesylthiosalicylamide derivatives / 中国药科大学学报

@#A series of farnesylthiosalicylamide derivatives(9a-9k)were designed and synthesized via condensating the carboxyl of farnesylthiosalicylic acid(FTS)with different amines, and the in vitro biological activity was evaluated. It was observed that eight of them displayed strong antitumor activity against five human cancer cells in vitro. Notably, compound 9k exhibited the most active with the IC50 values of 6. 05-8. 16 μmol/L range against the tested cancer cells, which were superior to those of FTS and even comparable to that of sorafenib in vitro. In addition, compound 9k down-regulated the protein of Bcl-2 and increased the expression levels of Bax and caspase-3 proteins, indicating that compound 9k could induce tumor cell apoptosis.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives with nitrogen-containing heterocycles as antibacterial agents / 药学学报

A series of new pleuromutilins derivatives were designed and synthesized through coupling 2-aminothiazole ring of WL001 with different nitrogen-containing substituted heterocycles in the side chain. Their biological activities were evaluated against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical bacteria in vitro Most new compounds displayed specificity to certain strain of bacteria. Particularly, compounds with saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles exhibited significant antibacterial activities (0.062 5-8 µg · mL(-1)) superior or similar to those of amoxicillin, tiamulin and levofloxcin. Furthermore, treatment with 15a and 15b having piperidine or morpholine residues also could effectively inhibit Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, our novel findings may provide a new insight into the design of novel pleuromutilin derivatives and lay the basis for further studies on the treatment of drug-resistance of pathogenic bacteria.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives with nitrogen-containing heterocycles as antibacterial agents / 药学学报

A series of new pleuromutilins derivatives were designed and synthesized through coupling 2-aminothiazole ring of WL001 with different nitrogen-containing substituted heterocycles in the side chain. Their biological activities were evaluated against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative clinical bacteria in vitro Most new compounds displayed specificity to certain strain of bacteria. Particularly, compounds with saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles exhibited significant antibacterial activities (0.062 5-8 µg · mL(-1)) superior or similar to those of amoxicillin, tiamulin and levofloxcin. Furthermore, treatment with 15a and 15b having piperidine or morpholine residues also could effectively inhibit Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, our novel findings may provide a new insight into the design of novel pleuromutilin derivatives and lay the basis for further studies on the treatment of drug-resistance of pathogenic bacteria.

Role of mitochondrial fission in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury to hippocampal neurons of rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the role of mitochondrial fission in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/ R) injury to hippocampal neurons of rats.Methods Primarily cultured hippocampal neurons obtained from newborn Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =60 each) using a random number table: normal group (N group), vehicle group (V group), H/R group, H/R + vehicle group (H/R + V group),and mitochondrial division inhibitor group (group M).The cells were cultured in normal culture medium in group N.Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was added to the culture medium with the final concentration ＜ 0.1％, and the cells were incubated for 40 min in group V.The cells were subjected to 6 h hypoxia, followed by 20 h reoxygenation in H/R, H/R+V and M groups.DMSO was added to the culture medium with the final concentration ＜0.1％ at 40 min before hypoxia in group H/R+V.In group M, mitochondrial division inhibitor Mdivi-1 50 mmol/L (dissolved in DMSO, DMSO concentration ＜0.1％) was added to the culture medium at 40 min prior to hypoxia.Mito Tracker staining was used to examine mitochondrial morphology.Western blot was used to measure the expression of mitochondrial dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM).Multifunctional microplate reader and fluorescent microscope were used to detect the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) level.The flow cytometer was used to detect the apoptosis in hippocampal neurons.Apoptosis rate was calculated.Results Compared with group N, the expression of Drp1, PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM was significantly up-regulated, the ROS content and apoptosis rate were increased, and the expression of Mfn2 was down-regulated in group H/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group H/R, the expression of Drp1 was significantly down-regulated, the ROS content and apoptosis rate were decreased, and the expression of Mfn2, PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM was up-regulated in group M (P＜0.05).Conclusion Mitochondrial fission is involved in H/R injury to hippocampal neurons of rats.

Solid variant of angiomatoid fibrous histocytoma:report of 3 cases / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype, molecular genetics and differential diagnosis of solid variant of angiomatoid fibrous histocytoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinicopathologic features of 3 cases of solid variant of angiomatoid fibrous histocytoma were analyzed and the literature was reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were a total of 2 males and 1 female. The age of patients ranged from 9 to 12 years. The patients presented with a painless mass located in left forearm, left knee or back. The lesions were treated by complete surgical resection. On gross examination, the tumors varied from 1.6 cm to 4.5 cm in greatest dimension. They were well-circumscribed and had pale yellow to grayish-red solid cut surface. Histologically, the tumor was composed of histocytoid cells arranged in sheet-like pattern. A fibrous pseudocapsule surrounded by lymphocytes and plasma cells was identified. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells in all cases were positive for vimentin and CD68. They were negative for S100 protein, cytokeratin, CD34, CD31, smooth muscle actin, CD35, CD21 and CD30. Two cases also expressed CD99 and one of them was positive for desmin and epithelial membrane antigen. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization was positive for EWSR1 gene.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Solid type represents a variant of angiomatoid fibrous histocytoma and is considered as tumor of borderline malignant potential. Definitive diagnosis requires thorough histologic examination and clinical correlation. Immunohistochemistry and EWSR1 gene study are helpful in further delineation and differential diagnosis. Complete resection or wide local excision with post-operative follow up is the main modality of treatment.</p>

Effect of jingui shenqi pill and its disassembled recipes on ovarian functions in shen yang deficiency female rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Jingui Shenqi Pill (JSP) and its disassembled recipes (supplementing Shen yang, supplementing Shen yin, and supplementing Shen yang and Shen yin) on ovarian functions of female rats of Shen yang deficiency syndrome (SYDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 55 SD female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e., the normal control group, the model group, the Shen yang supplementing group, the Shen yin supplementing group, the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group, 11 in each group. Except the normal control group, rats in the rest group were injected with hydrocortisone at the daily dose of 25 mg/kg at the muscle of femoribus internus for 12 successive days. From the 13th day after successful modeling, rats were administered by gastrogavage with different recipes at the dose of 1 mL/100 g (2.75 g/kg Shen yang supplementing recipe; 6.25 g/kg Shen yin supplementing recipe; 6.75 g/kg JSP), once daily for 20 successive days. Equal volume of normal saline was given to those in the normal control group and the model group, once daily for 20 successive days. Blood was withdrawn from the orbit on the 2nd day after intervention. The serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) were detected using ELISA. The weight of uterus and ovarian index (VI) were calculated. The pathological changes were observed by HE staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The general condition of rats in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group were improved. The body weight (g) was added by 35.0 +/- 12.5 in the normal control group, 16.7 +/- 7.4 in the model group, 20.2 +/- 6.9 in the Shen yang supplementing group, 18.3 +/- 3.6 in the Shen yin supplementing group, and 29.4 +/- 12.2 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. The uterus VI (mg/100 g) was 183.4 +/- 11.6 in the normal control group,144.0 +/- 6.5 in the model group,158.7 +/- 6.3 in the Shen yang supplementing group,152.1 +/- 6.9 in the Shen yin supplementing group, and 172.8 +/- 8.1 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. The ovarian VI (mg/100 g) were 32.9 +/- 2.4 in the normal control group, 22.6 +/- 1.1 in the model group, 25.0 +/- 1.4 in the Shen yang supplementing group, 23.0 +/- 0.4 in the Shen yin supplementing group, and 31.4 +/- 3.3 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. Compared with the model group, the body weight and ovarian VI increased in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The uterus VI increased in each medicated group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group, all indices increased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The E2 and P levels increased in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The content of E2 (pg/mL) was 22.1 +/- 9.4 in the normal control group, 9.8 +/- 3.0 in the model group, 11.3 +/- 2.2 in the Shen yang supplementing group, 10.5 +/- 0.8 in the Shen yin supplementing group, and 16.0 +/- 5.5 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. The content of P (ng/mL) was 14.6 +/- 7.5 in the normal control group, 4.3 +/- 1.8 in the model group, 8.3 +/- 2.8 in the Shen yang supplementing group, 5.9 +/- 2.9 in the Shen yin supplementing group, and 9.5 +/- 3.4 in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group. Compared with the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group, the E2 level increased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Compared with the Shen yin supplementing group, the P level increased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the ovarian follicle at each stage increased and pathological follicular ovarian follicles decreased in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.01). Less primary follicles, secondary follicles, and mature follicles could be seen in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group. The total numbers of all-level follicles were obviously higher in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group than in the Shen yang supplementing group and the Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.05). The number of pathological follicles was obviously less in the Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing group than in the Shen yin supplementing group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>As for SYDS, JSP and its dissembled recipes could improve damaged ovarian functions to some degree. But better effect could not be obtained by Shen yang supplementing method or Shen yin supplementing method alone. Shen yang and Shen yin supplementing method could elevate the efficacy.</p>

Novel compound heterozygous mutations of TGM1 gene identified in a Chinese collodion baby / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify potential mutations in a Chinese collodion baby.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The patient was investigated clinically. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of the baby and his parents. All coding exons(exons 2-15) and splicing sites of transglutaminase 1(TGM1) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Mutation detection was performed by directed sequencing of the PCR products. A total of 100 healthy unrelated subjects were used as controls. Haplotypes were constructed with microsatellites flanking the locus, and TGM1 genotypes of the family were used to determine parental origins of the mutations. CLUSTAL X (1.81) was employed to analyze cross-species conservation of the mutant protein sequence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The boy was found to be a compound heterozygote for two novel mutations: c.420A>G (I140M) from his father and c.832G>A (G278R) from his mother, with the former occurring in the transglutaminase N domain and the latter between transglutaminase N and transglutaminase-like domains. Both mutations were absent from the control subjects.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The boy's condition was caused by two novel compound heterozygous mutations of c.420A>G and c.832G>A of TGM1. Author's results may provide new clues for molecular diagnosis of this disease.</p>

Effects of non-bioartificial liver support system on Gc-globulin in patients with liver failure / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of artificial liver support system(plasma exchange combined with continuous veno - venous hemodiafiltration, PE + CVVHDF) on Gc globulin in patients with liver failure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>81 patients with liver failure were divided into 4 groups according to the treatment protocols and indicators such as liver function and clinical symptoms. Totally 29 effective cases and 14 ineffective cases in the ALSS group versus 15 effective cases and 23 ineffective cases in the medical group were included. Finally the changes of Gc globulin were observed in four subgroups before and after treatment. The correlation between Gc globulin and IL-10, IL-4, IL-18, TNFa, endotoxin, NO, sVCAM-1and sICAM-1were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The effectiveness rate was 67.44% in ALSS group and 34.21% in the medical treatment (P less than 0.01). Gc globulin, one of liver cell protection proteins was notably increased following the artificial liver treatment as compared with the increase in the medical treatment (P less than 0.01). The time-response curve of Gc globulin level had a significant upward trend in the effective group as compared to no significant rise in the ineffective group. Moreover, the Gc globulin was negatively correlated with IL-4, IL-18, TNFa, SVCAM-1, SICAM-1 and NO. In contrast, no correlation existed between Gc globulin and IL-10. The treatment with artificial liver can improve the outcome of the patients with liver failure. The level of Gc globulin was correlated with the curative effect and thus may be used as a potential indicator for curative effect forcast in the patients with liver failure.</p>

The effect of RhoA/Rho kinase signal pathway on TGF-beta1-induced phenotypic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the effect of RhoA/Rho kinase signal pathway on TGF-beta1-induced phenotypic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 4th generation of primary cultured human dermal fibroblasts were stimulated with TGF-beta1, (10 ng/ml). The expression of alpha-SMA was detected after treatment with TGF-beta1, for 0, 3, 6, and 24 h. The expression of alpha-SMA was also detected after treatment with different concentration of TGF-beta1 (0, 2, 10, 50 ng/ml). Then the human dermal fibroblasts (4th generation) were stimulated with TGF-beta1, (10 ng/ml) after being treated with the RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway inhibitor Y-27632 (10 umol/ml). The fibroblasts were treated with nothing as sham control, or with Y-27632 (10 umol/L) only as negative control group, or with TGF-beta1 (10 ng/ml) only as positive control group. The expression of alpha-SMA was detected in all the groups. Protein expression was analyzed with ANOVA statistical method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>alpha-SMA expression in fibroblasts with 10 ng/ml TGF-beta1 stimulation for 0, 3, 6, 24 h was 1.0, 1.9 0.2, 2.1 +/- 0. 1, 3. 1 +/- 0.1, respectively. Alpha-SMA expression in 24 h group was significantly higher than that in other three groups (n = 4, P < 0.05). alpha-SMA expression in human dermal fibroblasts after stimulation with different concentration of TGF-beta1 (0, 2, 10, 50 ng/ml) was 1.0, 1.4 +/- 0.2, 3.2 + 0.1, 3.1 +/- 0.2, respectively. alpha-SMA expression in 10 ng/ ml group was significantly higher than that in 2 ng/ml group and control group (n = 4, P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in alpha-SMA expression between 10 ng/ml group and 50 ng/ml group (n = 4, P > 0.05). With both Y-27632 (10 micromol/L) and TGF-beta1 stimulation, the cell phenotype differentiation was inhibited. Alpha-SMA expression in experimental group (1.2 +/- 0.2) was significantly reduced, when compared with that in positive control group (2.9 +/- 0.1) (n = 5, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference (n = 5, P > 0.05) in alpha-SMA expression between control group (1.0) and negative control group (1.1 +/- 0.1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>RhoA/Rho kinase signaling pathway should be involved in TGF-beta1-induced phenotypic differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts.</p>

Chronic toxicity of 97% isopropyl thioxanthone in rat by oral administration for 2 years / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the oral chronic toxicity of 97% isopropyl thioxanthone (97% ITX) in rats, determine the no-observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four groups of rats were fed with foodstuff containing 97% ITX in the dosage of 1000.0, 250.0, 62.5 mg/kg respectively for 2 years. The general behavior, body weight, food availability ect. were observed during the experiment. At the end of the experiment, blood and urine samples were collected for routine and biochemical assays. The internal organs were taken for calculating their organ coefficients and histopathological examinations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the experimental period, no obvious abnormality were found in the experimental animals. The body weight and the total food availability rate in the high dosage group of male were lower than that of control (P < 0.05). Hematology examination showed that the quantity of Hb and RBC in high dosage groups of both the male and female and Hb in the male middle group were all lower than the control group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Analysis of correlation indicated that r = -0.433, P < 0.01 in male, r = -0.337, P < 0.01 in female of Hb; r = -0.266, P < 0.05 in male, r = -0.317, P < 0.01 in female of RBC. There were obviously negative correlation. Serum biochemistry examination showed the concentration of CHO in the high and middle dosage treated rats of male and female were higher than that of the control (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Analysis of correlation indicated that r = 0.497, P < 0.01 in male, r = 0.417, P < 0.01 in female. No abnormality were found in urine examination. The organ weight and organ coefficient such as liver, were higher than control group (P < 0.01). The result of histopathological examinations displayed that the renal tubule Cast and the tubulointerstitial nephritis in the treated groups were higher than that of control group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>97% ITX could obviously interfere with the animals' physical condition, and reduce the number of RBC and the concentration of Hb in the blood, interact metabolism of lipoid and induce the concentration of CHO in the serum. The livers of the treated rats are compensatory enlarged. And kidneys of the poisoning animals are damaged. The 2 years oral NOAEL of 97% ITX in rats are more than 4.63 mg/kg for female rats, and larger than 4.06 mg/kg for male rats.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents in root of Isatis indigotica / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents in the root of Isatis indigotica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents root were separated through various chromatographic techniques and their structures were elucidated by means of physicochemical properties and the analysis of their spectral data.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as (+) -isolariciresinol (1), lariciresinol (2), lariciresinol-9-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), lariciresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), lariciresinol-4,4'-bis-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), 3-formylindole (6), 1-methoxy-3-indolecarbaldehyde (7), 1-methoxy-3-indoleacetonitrile (8), deoxyvasicinone (9), epigoitrin (10), adenosine (11).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds 4-8 were isolated from I. indigotica for the first time.</p>

Study of lipopolysaccharide antagonizing effect of DPR-2 in vitro / 中华烧伤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antagonizing biological activity of densefruit pattany root-bark extract (DPR-2) in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The effect of DPR-2 in neutralizing LPS (0.1 microg/L) was detected by kinetic turbidimetric limulus test. The effect of different concentrations of DPR-2 (0,8.0,16.0,32.0,64.0 mg/L) on binding of FITC-conjugated LPS (FITC-LPS,100.0 microg/L) to murine RAW264.7 cells was analyzed with laser scanning confocal microscopy. The expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNA in RAW264.7 cells after exposure to LPS (100.0 microg/L) were determined by real-time RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DPR-2 could neutralize LPS (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and inhibit the binding of FITC-LPS to RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner when the concentration of DPR-2 was above 16.0 mg/L. Furthermore, DPR-2 could markedly inhibit the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNA in LPS-stimulated murine RAW264.7 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DPR-2 exhibit an anti-LPS effect in vitro, which may be related to its capacity to neutralize LPS and inhibit binding of LPS for its receptors.</p>