ABSTRACT
Mycobacterium abscessus has been reported to cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. It is a very rare pathogen in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-associated peritonitis. However, we experienced a single case of peritonitis caused by M. abscessus in a patient on CAPD in South Korea. A 52-year-old female on CAPD for 9 years with a past history of recurrent CAPD-associated peritonitis presented with fever, abdominal pain and turbid peritoneal dialysate. CAPD-associated peritonitis did not improve with broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, and pathogens were not detected in a routine peritoneal fluid bacterial culture. M. abscessus was isolated from a peritoneal fluid mycobacterial culture. The patient recovered after treatment with clarithromycin and levofloxacin for 24 months.