Effects of Dietary Salt Restriction in the Development of Renal Failure in the Excision Remnant Kidney Model

So-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung is a rare benign neoplasm which usually presents with a coin lesion detected through routine chest X-ray. We report two cases showing characteristic cytologic appearances which have been rarely reported. Both cases were young females with coin lesions in the lung. Fine needle aspiration of each case revealed unique but some different cytologic features. Case 1 showed bland-looking polygonal epithelial cells resembling bronchioloalveolar cells having pre- dominantly papillary configurations with loosely arranged solid sheets or isolated cells. Cytoplasms were plump, cyanophilic, and finely granular, with eccentric nuclei, The nuclei were usually monotonous, round-to-ovoid, and vesicular with a small but conspicuous nucleolus. In comparison to case 1, case 2 revealed largely loose pavement-like solid sheets or clusters rather than papillary patterns in the hemorrhagic background. The size of tumor cells were a little smaller than that of case 1. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and papillary adenocarcinoma of metastatic origin were considered to be one of the important differential diagnoses with these cytologic features. Histologically, both cases exhibited findings compatible with so-called sclerosing hemangioma of the lung.

Effects of Dietary Protein on the Progression of Early Chronic Renal Failure in Subtotally Nephrectomizid Rets

Endodermal sinus tumor of the mediastinum is a very rare malignant tumor, usually affecting young adolescents, and its histologic findings are characteristic as that of gonadal germ cell origin. We describe the cytologic finding of fine needle aspiration of mediastinal endodermal sinus tumor in a 19-year-old male patient, comparing with tissue section. The tumor cells in smears were usually in tight clusters with large overlapping cells, which were arranged in a papillary or microacinar pattern, suggesting carcinoma. The tumor cells were large, round or oval with a small amount of cytoplasm which was occasionally vacuolated and had indistinct border. The nuclei were large, pleomorphic, and vesicular with large promi- nent nucleoli. The tissue sections showed typical findings of endodermal sinus tumor. Careful correlation of cytological findings and the serum alpha-fetoprotein level would be helpful to confirm the diagnosis.

Is There a Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Renal Trauma / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Computed tomography (CT) has been the most informative imaging in renal trauma. Despite the good sensitivity of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to the presence of hematuria, edema and ischemia, MR imaging has not been widely studied in patients with renal trauma. This present study was initiated to evaluate the role of MR imaging in patient with renal trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively reviewed the imaging of CT and MR imaging of 13 patients who suffered from renal trauma. RESULTS: The presence and size of perirenal hematoma could be detected in both CT and MR imaging. However, MR imaging provided additional information about the onset of hematoma and could differentiate subcapsular hematoma from perirenal hamatoma more accurately. Focal renal infarction that was differentiated difficultly from perirenal hematoma on CT could be easily identified on MR imaging. CONCLUSIONS: MR imaging determine the extent of parenchymal laceration and the status of perirenal hematoma, renal infaction and renal fragment more accurately than CT. Moreover, MR imaging has advantages including lack of ionizing radiation and no routine need for intravenous contrast medium. Therefore, we suggest that MR imaging can alternate CT in selected cases.

The Clinical Efficacy of Sympathetic Skin Potential for Neuogenic Impotence / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: To date, it is recognized that in many patients erectile dysfunctions are caused by organic disorders. The somatosensory nervous system usually was examined due to the lack of tests for the autonomic nervous system. furthermore, tests for the sympathetic nerve was suggested but that clinical relevance is yet to be established. We describe the results of hand and genital sympathetic skin potentials in flaccid and erectile penile states in normal potent men and patients with neurogenic impotence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated 10 normal potent male volunteers (mean age 21.9+/-2.02years) and 10 male patients with neurogenic impotence (mean age 41.6+/- 10.35years). The sympathetic skin potentials were obtained with the amplifier Dantec electromyography apparatus connect to the surface electroencephalography silver chloride disk electrodes applied on the skin of the hand as well as on the mons pubis and perineal skin(genital skin) in both groups during the flaccid and erectile states. RESULTS: The sympathetic skin potentials(SSP) recorded from the genital skin and hand were significantly decreased and even completely suppressed during penile erection in normal male subjects(p<0.01). But neurogenic impotence patients were not significantly decreased during penile erection in sympathetic skin potentials compared to normal subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous recording of sympathetic skin potential from the hand and genital skin during flaccid state and erection of penis may be a useful and objective test to evaluate patients with neurogenic impotence. Further studies involving larger number of patients and meticulous technique are warranted further assess utility of this method.

Renal Effects of a Low Protein Diet and Antihypertensive Drugs on the Progression of Early Chronic Renal Failure in 5/6 Nephrectomized-Rats

A case of invasive cribriform carcinoma of the breast is presented with fine need- le aspiration cytologic features. The aspiration was performed from a papable 2.0cm mass in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast in a 53 year-old woman. The aspirate showed cellular smear composed of larger three dimensional tight clusters, smaller monolayered loose clusters, and many individual cells on the clean background. In the clusters, the tumor cells were bordering central lumina, quite similar to the cribriform in histology. The tumor cells in the clusters and individual tumor cells had uniform, small and round nuclei. The chromatin was finely granular, and nuclear membrane was smooth. No discernible nucleoli were present (nuclear grade 1-2). Unless the abundance of individual cells and the cribriform growth pattern are recognized in the smear, the cytologic diagnosis of invasive cribriform carcinoma is difficult.

A Case of Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Female Distal Urethra / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Primary carcinoma of the female urethra is relatively rare neoplasm. Urethral cancers account for less than 0.02 per cent of all neoplasms occurring In women and 0.01 per cent of all urologic malignancies. The rarity of the disease as well as the changes and improvements in the various treatment modalities have prevented unanimity of opinion with regard to its proper treatment. We report one case of transitional cell carcinoma in female urethra with brief review of the literature.

A Short-term Comparative Study on Efficacy and Safety of Standard Transurethral Resection of the Prostate and Transurethral Electro-Vaporization of the Prostate / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSES: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) remains a gold standard for surgical treatment, but significant morbidities are associated with the procedure. Transurethral electro-vaporization of prostate (TVP) using a grooved ball electrode, a modification of standard TURP, was tried on bladder outlet obstruction in an attempt to reduce the morbidity rate of TURP. We compared between the TVP and standard TURP to estimate the efficacy and safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A comparative trial of 44 patients with symptomatic BPH from May 1995 to December 1995 was performed. Of the patients 20 were received operation with TVP (Group I) and 24 were received with standard TURP (Group II). Patients were assessed at baseline for both safety and efficacy and in follow-up at 1 and 3 months. Efficacy parameters evaluated included American Urological Association (AUA) symptom score, peak urine flow (Qmax) and postvoid residual urine (ml). Safety parameters evaluated included incidence of side effects, operative time (in minutes), postoperative catheterization time, change in hematocrit and serum sodium. RESULTS: The mean age of each group was 63.7+-6.4 years (Group I) and 68.8+-7.6 years (Group II), the prostate size was 32.4+-3.4g and 34.5+-6.5g. The mean operation time was shorter in Group I (56+-11min) than Group II (85+-34min), (P<0.05). The change of Hematocrit(ml/dl) was lower in group I (from 41.1+-5.0 to 39.5+-4.2) than group II (from 39.6+-4.4 to 35.2+-5.5), (P<0.05). The mean catheterization time was 3.3+-1.3 days and 4.8+-1.7 days, (P<0.05). change of maximal flow rate, post-void residual volume and AUA symptom score was not significantly different between each group. The incidence of postoperative complications were not significantly different between each group. CONCLUSIONS: Although the TURP is the gold standard for the treatment of symptomatic BPH with high success rate, but significant morbidities rate are associated with this procedure. So, TVP is new and potentially useful modification of TURP. In this preliminary study, there has been significant clinical improvement maintained with minimal morbidity. This early clinical experience highlights several potential advantages of TVP, including rapid convalescence time, short hospital day, and minimal blood loss. So, TVP is one of the various therapeutic alternatives for BPH lowering the morbidity rate of standard TURP.

The Comparison of Vecuronium with Succinylcholine for Endotracheal Intubation / 대한마취과학회지

Depolarizing muscle relaxant, succinylcholine, has a rapid onset of action, allowing early endotracheal intubation. Succinylcholine, however, has a number of undesirable side effects. Therefore, some methods using nondepolarizing muscle relaxants for rapid endotracheal intubation have been tried, i.e. single large bolus, priming principle, timing principle, but their results were not enough to satisfy. In this study, there were administered vecuronium prior to anesthetic induction in order to shorten the intubation time, and compared intubation time and intubating condition in succinylcholine and vecuronium groups respectively. Sixty adult patients were adminstered succinylcholine 1mg/kg(group 1, 30 patients) or vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg(group 2, 30 patients), and measured intubation time and intubating condition. As a result, intubation time and intubation condition was not different in both groups significantly. It is concluded that vecuronium administered prior to induction agent for the endotracheal intubation is a reliable alternative in cases where succinylcholine is contraindicated.

The Comparison of Vecuronium with Succinylcholine for Endotracheal Intubation / 대한마취과학회지

Depolarizing muscle relaxant, succinylcholine, has a rapid onset of action, allowing early endotracheal intubation. Succinylcholine, however, has a number of undesirable side effects. Therefore, some methods using nondepolarizing muscle relaxants for rapid endotracheal intubation have been tried, i.e. single large bolus, priming principle, timing principle, but their results were not enough to satisfy. In this study, there were administered vecuronium prior to anesthetic induction in order to shorten the intubation time, and compared intubation time and intubating condition in succinylcholine and vecuronium groups respectively. Sixty adult patients were adminstered succinylcholine 1mg/kg(group 1, 30 patients) or vecuronium 0.15 mg/kg(group 2, 30 patients), and measured intubation time and intubating condition. As a result, intubation time and intubation condition was not different in both groups significantly. It is concluded that vecuronium administered prior to induction agent for the endotracheal intubation is a reliable alternative in cases where succinylcholine is contraindicated.