ABSTRACT
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common subtype of primary hepatobilliary cancer. Despite advances in surgical and medical therapy, its survival rate remains poor. Compared to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common liver malignancy, the underlying mechanisms of cholangiocarcinoma carcinogenesis are poorly characterized. P-cadherin (CDH3) is a cadherin super family member. Although CDH3 is frequently over-expressed in cholangiocarcinoma tissues, its roles have never been characterized. To determine the roles of CDH3 in cholangiocarcinoma, we investigated CDH3 function in HuCCT1 cells using specific siRNA. Transfection with CDH3 siRNA did not affect proliferation of HuCCT1 cells. However, cell migration and invasion were significantly reduced when CDH3 was down-regulated. In addition, expressions of several biomarkers for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were not changed by CDH3 down-regulation. These results suggest that CDH3 regulates cell migration independent of EMT in cholangiocarcinoma cells.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers , Cadherins , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Cell Movement , Cholangiocarcinoma , Down-Regulation , Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition , Liver , Liver Neoplasms , RNA, Small Interfering , Survival Rate , Transfection , CholangiocarcinomaABSTRACT
Intramyocardial hematoma is known to be associated with myocardial infarction, chest trauma, coronary artery bypass operation, and complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We describe here a rare case of 50-year-old man with a huge right ventricular (RV) wall hematoma which was newly developed two hours after PCI. The patient was treated conservatively with a successful outcome. We discuss plausible mechanisms for the development of RV wall hematoma and treatment options for the case.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass , Heart Ventricles , Hematoma , Myocardial Infarction , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , ThoraxABSTRACT
Boerhaave's syndrome is a spontaneous tear through all the layers of the left lateral wall of the esophagus just above the diaphragm, produced by a sudden increase in esophageal pressure. Boerhaave's syndrome is a rare but grave syndrome, with a mortality rate around 40%. Most affected patients are middle-aged men who experience violent vomiting after heavy eating or alcohol intake or both. Vomiting followed by the abrupt onset of pain, dyspnea, and/or shock are the major symptoms. The most important diagnostic tool may be an upright chest X-ray. However, esophagograms and/or a chest CT may be required to locate the lesion. The management of esophagopleural fistula must be individualized, and both the patient's condition and the specific characteristics of the fistula must be considered. Successful management of patients must include adequate nutritional support and effective therapy of the associated empyema. A case of esophagopleural fistula complicated by Boerhaave's syndrome, which was successfully treated by endoscopic injection of Histoacryl , in herein reported.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Diaphragm , Dyspnea , Eating , Empyema , Enbucrilate , Esophagus , Fistula , Mortality , Nutritional Support , Shock , Thorax , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , VomitingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Tuberculous pleural effusion responds well to the anti-tuberculosis agents in general, so no further aggressive therapeutic managements to drain the tuberculous effusion is necessary except in case of diagnostic thoracentesis. But in clinical practice, we often see some patients who later decortication need due to dyspnea caused by pleural thickening despite the completion of anti-tuberculosis therapy in the patients with tuberculous effusion. Especially, the patients with loculated tuberculous effusion might have increased chance of pleural thickening after treatment. The purpose of this study was that intrapleural urokinase instillation could reduce the pleural thickining in the treatment of loculated tuberculous pleural effusion. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients initially diagnosed as having loculated tuberculous pleural effusion were randomly assigned to receive either the combined treatment of urokinase instillation and anti-tuberculosis agents(UK group) and anti-tuberculosis agents(Non-UK group) alone. The 16 patients in UK group received a single radiographically guided pig-tail catheter ranging in size from 10 to 12 French. 100,000 units of urokinase was dissolved in 150 ml of normal saline and instilled into the pleural cavity via pig-tail catheter every day, also this group was treated with anti-tuberculosis agents. While the 21 patients in Non-UK group were teated with anti-tuberculosis agents only except diagnostic thoracentesis. Then we evaluated the residual pleural thickening after treatment for their loculated tuberculous pleural effusion between the two groups. Also the duration of symptoms and the pleural fluid biochemistry like WBC counts, pH, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, proteins, and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were compared. RESULTS: 1) The residual pleural thickening (RPT) (5.08 +/- 6.77 mm) of UK group was significantly lower than that (20.32 +/- 26.37 mm) of Non-UK group (Por=10 mm(5.23 +/- 3.89 wks) was significantly longer than the patients with RPT or=10 mm and the patients with RPT <10 mm. CONCLUSION: The treatment of loculated tuberculous pleural effusion with the urokinase instillation via percutaneous transthoraic catheter was effective to reduce the pleural thickening.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adenosine Deaminase , Biochemistry , Catheters , Drainage , Drug Therapy , Dyspnea , Glucose , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Oxidoreductases , Pleural Cavity , Pleural Effusion , Prospective Studies , Tuberculosis , Urokinase-Type Plasminogen ActivatorABSTRACT
Pyoderma gangrenosum may be associated with underlying systemic diseases. The most frequently associated condition is inflammatory bowel disease. Other associations include chronic active and chronic persistent hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, leukemia, myeloma, ployarthritis, monoclonal gammopathy, myeloproliferative disorders, systemic lupus erythromatosus ad Behcet's disease. Multiple extensive pyoderma gangrenosum associatie with Behcet's disease has rerely been reported in Korea. Thus, we report a case of multiple pyoderma gangrenosums occurring as pathergy phenomenon at intravenous and intramuscular injection sites in a patient with Behcet's disease.