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Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture at the Baihui acupoint on learning and memory ability and on the calmodulin kinase (CaMK)Ⅱ-Tau protein signal pathway in rats exposed to infrasound, and to explore its mechanism.Methods:Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group, an infrasound group, a Baihui group and a non-acupoint group, each of 12. The rats in the blank group were placed in an infrasound chamber without infrasound for 2 hours daily. Those in the other 3 groups were exposed to 8Hz, 130dB infrasound in the chamber for 2 hours daily for 7 consecutive days. The rats in the Baihui and non-acupoint groups were given electroacupuncture within 2 hours after the infrasound exposure at the Baihui acupoint or elsewhere respectively. The rats in the blank and infrasound groups were given the same grasping and fixation, but no electroacupuncture. On the 6th and 7th day of intervention, Morris water maze positioning and navigation experiments and spatial exploration experiments were used to quantify the rats′ spatial learning and memory ability. Nissl staining was used to observe any changes in the morphology of the neurons in the hippocampus of 6 rats in each group. The expression of phosphorylated calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (P-CaMKⅡ) and phosphorylated Tau protein (P-Tau) in the hippocampus was also documented using western blotting.Results:After 6 or 7 days the average escape latency of the rats in the infrasound group was significantly longer than the blank group′s average. Platform quadrant time and distance ratios and the number of times crossing the platform area were also significantly lower. Compared with the infrasound group, the average escape latency of the Baihui group was significantly shorter, with the platform quadrant time and distance ratios and the number of times crossing the platform area significantly higher. After 7 days, the damage to hippocampal neurons among the rats in the infrasound group was significantly aggravated and the number of neurons was reduced significantly compared with the blank group. Compared with the infrasound group, significantly fewer neurons in the hippocampus were damaged in the Baihui group and the number of neurons had increased significantly. After the intervention the levels of P-CaMKⅡand P-Tau protein in the infrasound group had increased significantly compared with the blank group, but those levels in the Baihui group were significantly lower, on average.Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at the Baihui acupoint can improve the learning and memory ability of rats exposed to infrasound, and has some protective effect against infrasound brain damage. That may be due to its inhibiting Tau protein hyperphosphorylation in the hippocampus by reducing CaMKⅡ activity.
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Objective:To explore the effect of staged respiratory training in pulmonary rehabilitation nursing of patients with high spinal cord injury.Methods:A total of 76 patients with high spinal cord injury in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the study subjects, and were divided into the control group and the observation group with random number table method, 38 cases each. The control group was given conventional respiratory training, while the observation group was given staged respiratory training. Both groups were intervened 6 days a week for 8 weeks. The differences of basic indexes, pulmonary ventilation function, respiratory muscle strength and incidence of pulmonary infection between the two groups before and after intervention were compared.Results:After 8 weeks of intervention, the blood oxygen saturation was 0.95±0.04 in the observation group and 0.90±0.04 in the control group, there was significant difference ( t value was 4.229, P<0.001). The percentages of predicted values of maximal vital capacity, forced expiratory vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1s, and maximal ventilation were (69.21±11.38)%, (61.83±11.53)%, (56.50±7.86)%, (51.62±8.73)% in the observation group after 8 weeks of intervention, and (56.70±14.65)%, (49.82±15.06)%, (45.61±10.32)%, (42.30±15.11)% in the control group, there was significant difference ( t values were 3.610-4.967, P<0.001). The inspiratory muscle strength index was (56.12±18.31) cmH 2O(1 cmH 2O= 0.098 kPa) in the observation group after intervention, and (46.61±11.62) cmH 2O in the control group, there was significant different ( t value was 2.806, P<0.01). The incidence of pulmonary infection was 5.26% (2/38) in the observation group and 15.78% (6/38) in the control group, there was no significant difference ( χ2 value was 2.235, P>0.05). Conclusions:Stage respiratory training can promote lung rehabilitation of patients with high spinal cord injury, which is worthy of promotion and application.
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Current advances of immunotherapy have greatly changed the way of cancer treatment. At the same time, a great number of nanoparticle-based cancer immunotherapies (NBCIs) have also been explored to elicit potent immune responses against tumors. However, few NBCIs are nearly in the clinical trial which is mainly ascribed to a lack understanding of
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BACKGROUND: Harmonic scalpel is considered as a promising surgical tool for breast cancer, while its advantage over conventional approach is still controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to compare the outcomes of harmonic scalpel and conventional tools in the surgery for breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studies reporting the outcomes of harmonic scalpel and conventional technologies were systematically searched from online databases, PubMed and EMBASE up to April 30, 2018. Data were presented as odds ratio, risk ratio (RR), and mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Intraoperative blood loss (I2 = 96%, P < 0.05, MD = −68.78, 95% CI −93.31 to −44.24), seroma (I2 = 3%, P = 0.41, RR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.46–0.86) and hematoma formation (I2 = 0%, P = 0.64, RR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.23–0.73), drainage volume (I2 = 89%, P < 0.05, MD = −105.33, 95% CI −161.33 to −49.33) and time (I2 = 93%, P < 0.05, MD = −2.18, 95% CI −3.75 to −0.61), necrosis (I2 = 35%, P = 0.20, RR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.86), surgical duration (I2 = 79%, P < 0.05, MD = −8.49, 95% CI −16.56 to −0.43), and hospital stay (I2 = 97%, P < 0.05, MD = −0.94, 95% CI −1.74 to −0.14) are significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Harmonic scalpel is superior to conventional tools in terms of decreasing intraoperative blood loss, seroma and hematoma formation, drainage volume and time, necrosis prevalence, surgical duration, and hospital stay, which should be strongly recommended in the surgery for breast cancer.
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The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR] is thought to be involved in the development of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate [NSCL/P]. However, conflicting results have been obtained when evaluating the association between maternal MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms and the risk of NSCL/P. In light of this gap, a meta-analysis of all eligible case-control studies was conducted in the present study. A total of 15 case-control studies were ultimately identified after a comprehensive literature search and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium [HWE] examination. Cochrane's Q test and index of heterogeneity [I[2]] indicated no obvious heterogeneity among studies. Fixed or random-effects models were used to calculate the pooled odds ratios [ORs]. The results showed that the TT genotype in mothers increased the likelihood of having NSCL/P offspring 1.25 times [95% CI: 1.047-1.494] more than the CC homozygotes. Meanwhile, maternal TT genotype increased the risk of producing NSCL/P offspring in recessive model [OR=1.325, 95% CI: 1.124-1.562]. However, the CT heterozygote and the CT+TT dominant models had no association with NSCL/P offspring compared with the CC wild-type homozygote model. Subgroup analyses based on ethnicity indicated that maternal TT genotype increased the likelihood of having NSCL/P offspring in Whites [OR=1.308, 95% CI: 1.059-1.617] and Asians [OR=1.726, 95% CI: 1.090-2.733] in recessive model. Also, subgroup analyses based on source of control showed that mothers with the 677TT genotype had a significantly increased susceptibility of having NSCL/P children in hospital based population [HB] when compared with CC homozygotes [OR=1.248, 95% CI: 1.024-1.520] and under the recessive model [OR=1.324, 95% CI: 1.104-1.588]. Furthermore, maternal A1298C polymorphism had no significant association with producing NSCL/P offspring [dominant model OR=0.952, 95% CI: 0.816-1.111, recessive model OR=0.766, 95% CI: 0.567-1.036]. MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with the risk of generating NSCL/P offspring, and being a 677TT homozygote is a risk factor. MTHFR A1298C polymorphism was not associated with generating NSCL/P offspring. However, further work should be performed to confirm these findings
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Humans , Cleft Lip , Cleft Palate , Polymorphism, Genetic , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the risk factors of delayed gastric emptying after gastrectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Meta-analysis was performed to screen risk factors of delayed gastric emptying after gastrectomy based on 19 associated articles published from 2003 to 2013.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Gender, operative time, blood loss during operation, surgical settings(emergency, elective surgery), radical surgery were not significantly different between two groups for delayed gastric emptying (all P>0.05). Age more than or equal to 60 years [combined odds ratio(OR)=1.65, 95% confidence interval(CI):1.31-2.09, P<0.01], preoperative gastrointestinal obstruction(combined OR=3.72, 95%CI:3.05-4.55, P<0.01), Billroth-II( (combined OR=3.35, 95%CI:2.72-4.13, P<0.01), anemia(combined OR=1.48, 95%CI:1.08-2.02, P=0.01), intra-abdominal complication (combined OR=2.41, 95%CI:1.77-3.29, P<0.01), perioperative blood glucose greater than 8 mmol/L(combined OR=2.64, 95%CI:2.00-3.49, P<0.01), postoperative albumin levels lower than 30 g/L (combined OR=2.13, 95%CI:1.62-2.79, P<0.01), use of analgesics pump after operation (combined OR=1.74, 95%CI:1.33-2.26, P<0.01), having adverse psychological reactions (combined OR=5.94, 95%CI:1.79-19.73, P=0.004) were risk factors affecting delayed gastric emptying.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Age more than or equal to 60, preoperative gastrointestinal obstruction, perioperative blood glucose greater than or equal to 8 mmol/L, postoperative albumin levels less than 30 g/L, Billroth-II(, anemia, intra-abdominal complication, using pain pump after operation, having adverse psychological reactions are risk factors affecting delayed gastric emptying after gastrectomy.</p>
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Humans , Gastrectomy , Gastroenterostomy , Gastroparesis , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL). Methods:Clinical data of six PPL cases diagnosed and treated in the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results:In all cases, the primary clinical manifestations were abdominal pain, jaundice, and weight loss. The tumor marker level, including CA19-9, of all the cases was within the normal range, with five of the cases misdiagnosed as pancreatic cancer and one misdiagnosed as stomach cancer. In three cases, the pancreatic mass was located at the head of the pancreas, whereas in the other three, the mass was located at the body or tail. Pancreaticoduodenectomy was conducted in one case, laparotomy and biopsy in three cases, and B ultrasound-guided biopsy in the other two cases. All cases were diagnosed as PLL (B cell type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). Ex-cept for one patient who left the hospital after surgery, the other five underwent chemotherapy. In addition to the death in one case be-cause of postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding, the survival times were 133, 73, 35, 12, and 10 months in the remaining cases. Conclu-sion:PPL is extremely rare in clinical practice, and the treatment methods and prognosis for the disease significantly differ from those for pancreatic cancer. PPL is easily misdiagnosed in clinical practice, which results in unnecessary treatment measures.
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Using an anti-nucleolar protein B23 monoclonal antiboby, we examined the changes of protein B23 content in NIH3T3 fibroblasts during serum-induced proliferation and the difference in protein B23 content between mitotic and interphase NIH3T3 fibroblasts by immunofluorescence and im-munoblot methods. When NIH3T3 cells grew confluent, the serum containing medium was removed and replaced by serum-free medium,and the cells were cultured for another 24h. Then cells were refed with serum and further cultured. The results showed that protein B23 content was low in serum-starved NIH3T3 cells,and it markedly increased after serum addition. Furthermore,the increase occurred early at 6h after serum treatment. It was also showed that protein B23 content in mitotic cells blocked by the microtubule inhibitor colcemid was much higher than that in interphase ones. Our results suggested that nucleolar protein B23 might play some roles in the early stage of serum- induced proliferation and during transition from G2 to mitosis in cell cycle.