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Objective:To develop an HPLC-MS determination method for the effects of Xuesaitong on the pharmacokinetics of losartan in rats. Methods:After oral administration of single losartan and combined usage of losartan and Xusaitong in rats,the con-centrations of losartan and EXP3174 in plasma were determined by HPLC-MS. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared by statistical analysis. Results:The calibration curves of losartan and EXP3174 were linear within the range of 2.0-2 000 ng·ml-1(r=0.996 4 and r=0.999 5). The average recovery was 85.19%-109.79%. The results showed that after oral co-ad-ministration with Xuesaitong,t1/2and Vz/F of losartan significantly decreased (P<0.05), Tmaxsignificantly increased (P<0.05), t1/2of EXP3174 significantly decreased(P<0.05),and Tmaxsignificantly increased(P<0.05). Conclusion:The HPLC-MS method is sensitive and selective,and suitable for the detection of losartan and EXP3174 in plasma in vivo. The experiments showed that Xue-saitong can affect the absorption and metabolism of losartan in vivo.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of domestic bivalirudin on plasma intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: Sixty PCI candidates were randomly divided into heparin group (n =30) and bivalirudin group (n =30).They were respectively treated with intravenous heparin and domestic bivalirudin as the anticoagulants during PCI.ICAM-1 in blood was measured before PCI and in 2h, 1d and 7d after PCI, respectively.Results: In heparin group, ICAM-1 level decreased significantly in 2 h after the intravenous injection when compared with that before the injection and that in bivalirudin group at the same time point (P＜0.05).No significant differences in ICAM-1 level were found on the 1st and 7th day after PCI in the two groups when compared with that before the administration (P＞0.05).Mild bleeding occurred in three patients receiving heparin and one patient receiving bivalirudin,but there was no significant difference after PCI.Conclusion: Compared with bivalivudin, heparin has a short inhibitory effect on the expression of ICAM-1 during PCI.It is beneficial to the patients with kidney disease or stroke during PCI.
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As a carrier of anti -cancer drugs ,peptides can modify and coat drugs .It shows good pros-pects in targeted drug delivery ,drug sustained -releasing,drug enhancement of solubility ,bioavailability.It can also reduce side effects of drug .The related studies become one of the hot points in the field of pharmaceutical re-search in recent years .In this paper , the types of peptide based drug delivery emerged in recent years are re-viewed,the characteristics and advantages of various kinds of carrier systems are described in details .The present review provides a theoretical basis for the further application of peptide drug carries .
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Objective To discuss the formation mechanism of teardrop fracture of the axis and observe the clinical efficacy of anterior or posterior induction operation according to the fracture type.Methods Thirteen patients with teardrop fracture of the axis treated from May 2001 to October 2010 were involved in the study.There were 10 males and 3 females,at age range of 18-55 years (mean,35.5 years).Four patients were combined with cervical spinal cord injury (one patient with grade C and two with grade D according American Spinal Injury Association,ASIA).Injury causes included traffic injury in 11 patients and fall from height in two.After admission,the anteroposterior,lateral and mouth X-ray films,spiral CT sagittal reconstruction and MRI examination of the cervical vertebra were performed in all the patients.According to the injury mechanism,there were 10 patients with extension fractures treated with C2,3 intervertebral bone fusion and internal fixation through submandibular retropharyngeal approach and three with flexion fractures treated with posterior C2,3 intervertebral bone fusion and pedicle screw fixation.The clinical efficacy was also observed. Results All patients received complete exposure and effective reduction and fixation.The average time of anterior exposure and posterior exposure was 77 minutes and 125 minutes,respectively.No surgical complications occurred.All patients were followed up for 9-34 months (mean,13 months).Reexamination at four months after operation displayed bone healing in all patients.There was no lessening or breakage of the internal fixators.The spinal function of three patients with ASIA grade D injury and that of one patient with ASIA grade C injury recovered to normal at postoperative 1.5 and 6 months respectively. Conclusion The surgical approaches for teardrop fracture of the axis developed in the light of the fracture formation mechanism are beneficial and safe.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical effect of the posterior single segment anterolateral decompression and anterior column reconstruction in the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures. Methods A retrospective study was done on 21 patients with type Denis B thorocalumbar burst fractures who were treated by posterior approach minimal incision pedicle SCreW fixation,single segment anterolateral decompression and titanium mesh and bone graft from August 2007 to August 2009.There were 15 males and six males at mean age of 35.6 years(range,23-50 years).The involved segments included T12 in six patients,L1 in 11,L2 in three,and L3 in one.The preoperative spinal canal enemachment rate was 62.5%and the anterior-middle vertebral compression of all patients was less than 50%.CT scanning showed normal vertebral body and inferior endplate structure.The fracture reduction,graft fusion,neurological function recovery,correction loss,lumbar activities and adjacent lumbar disc degeneration were observed through preoperative,immediate postoperative and final follow up X-ray,CT and neurological examinations. Results The operation duration was 1.5-3.2 hours(average 2.1hours),with the bleeding of 350-1 000 ml(average 580 ml).All the patients were followed up for 4-26months(average 10.3 months),which showed that the vertebral fusion time was 4-6 months,with no loss of the vertebral height,implant breakage,loosening or extrusion.The nerve function was improved for 1-2 grades. Conclusions With correct selection of the indications,the posterior single segment anterolateral decompression and anterior column reconstruction is a reliable fixation,for it takes advantages of simple operation,minor trauma,less fusion segments and fast recovery.