ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To investigate the causal association between ticagrelor and risk of infection METHODS Two-sample Mendelian randomization was adopted. Genetic instrumental variables were selected based on the results of the largest genome-wide association analysis to in vivo exposure of ticagrelor and its major active metabolite AR-C124910XX. The causal associations of ticagrelor and its major active metabolite AR-C124910XX with drug indications （coronary artery disease， unstable angina pectoris， myocardial infarction， stroke and ischemic stroke）were analyzed by inverse variance weighted Mendelian randomization model as a positive control for genetic instrumental variables. The causal relationship between ticagrelor and bacterial infection， acute lower respiratory infection， bacterial pneumoniae， pneumoniae，acute upper respiratory infection and sepsis were furtheranalyzed by using this method， and the robustness of the results was assessed by using heterogeneity tests and horizontal 202002030415） pleiotropy tests. RESULTS The increase of area under the curve at steady state （AUCss） of the genetic surrogated ticagrelor significantly reduced the risk of coronary artery disease， myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris （P＜0.001）. AUCss genetic instrument variables of its main active metabolite AR-C124910XX failed to pass positive control. Further analysis showed that the increase of the genetic surrogated ticagrelor exposure suggestively reduced the risk of bacterial infection [OR（95%CI）＝0.80（0.65，0.99），P＝0.040] and sepsis [OR （95%CI）＝0.84（0.73， 0.98）， P＝0.023]. The results of the heterogeneity tests showed that there was no heterogeneity in the causal association of the genetic surrogated ticagrelor AUCss with bacterial infection and sepsis （P＞0.05）. The results of horizontal pleiotropy tests showed that the causal association of genetic surrogated ticagrelor AUCss with bacterial infection and sepsis had no effects on horizontal pleiotropy （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Ticagrelor has a potential role in reducing the risk of sepsis and bacterial infections.
ABSTRACT
Flagellum is a slender and wavy protein-attached filament on the surface of certain bacterial cells. It not only plays an important role in the movement and pathogenic ability of bacteria, but also participates in a variety of host immune regulation. Flagellin is a structural protein that forms the main part of flagellar filaments and can be recognized by TLR5 and other receptors in the host cell to induce the body′s immune response. At present, flagellin is widely used in the research of new immune adjuvants due to its immune activation, and its inflammation inhibitory effect also has good prospects against immune pathological damage. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the recent progress on the basic structure and function of flagellin, the host recognition mechanism, and its role in regulating the host immune system.
ABSTRACT
[Objective] To observe the clinical effect of Jiedu Qinghuo Drink on children infection mononucleosis(IM). [Method] Randomly divide 54 cases into treatment group 27 cases and control one 27 cases. The control one was given Ganciclovir, the treatment one added with Jiedu Qinghuo Drink. [Result] The total effective rate was 85.19% for treatment group, and 55.56% for control one, the comparison of both had difference. [Conclusion] Jiedu Qinghuo Drink has good cure effect on children IM.
ABSTRACT
The membrane microviscosity and insulin receptor of erythrocytes were determined by fluorescence polarization analysis and insulin radioligand binding assay simultaneously. The patients with Parkinson disease (PD) had increased membrane microviscosity (P