ABSTRACT
The end-of-life care education of medical students is related to the development of hospice care in the future. This paper comprehensively reviewed the setting up situations of end-of-life care education courses at home and abroad, as well as the status quo of courses' implementation, including teaching contents, teaching methods, assessment methods, teaching staff, teaching evaluations and effects. Based on these aspects, we have made some thoughts and suggestions, in order to provide reference for the development of end-of-life care education courses in medical colleges and universities in China.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To e stablish modified aqueous two-phase extraction （ATPE） system of polyphenols from Archidendron clypearia. METHODS ：Taking the polyphenol content ，extraction efficiency and partition coefficient of A. clypearia as indexes ，the solid-liquid ratio ，ethanol mass fraction and ultrasonic time of ATPE system were selected by single factor tests . The aqueous two-phase extracts from different polar parts of A. clypearia was prepared. The modifier was selected by taking polyphenol content and antioxidant activity [IC 50 of 1，1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine （DPPH）， 2，2′-hydrazine bis （3-ethylbenzothiazole-6-sulfonic acid ） diammonium salt （ABTS）] as indicators ，combined with the grey correlation analysis between polyphenols and antioxidant activity. The effects of modified ATPE system with different mass fraction （0-90％）of modifier on the extraction of polyphenols from A. clypearia were investigated and compared with traditional extraction technology （ultrasonic extraction and heating reflux extraction ）. RESULTS ：The optimal ATPE system included solid-liquid ratio of 1 ∶ 45， ethanol mass fraction of 40％，（NH4）2SO4 mass fraction of 11％，ultrasonic extraction time of 20 min，at room temperature. In 3 validation tests ，polyphenol content ，extraction efficiency and partition coefficient were （28.35±1.01）％（RSD＝3.56％，n＝3）， （98.87±0.19）％（RSD＝0.19％，n＝3）and 13.25±0.71（RSD＝5.39％，n＝3），respectively. The modifier was ethyl acetate. When the mass fraction of ethyl acetate in the ethyl acetate-ethanol mixed solvent was 70％，there was no significant difference in the content and anti-oxidant activity of polyphenols from A. clypearia of modified ATPE （P＞0.05）. The yield and transfer rate of it were si gnificantly higher than those of ultrasonic extraction and heating reflux extraction （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The modified ATPE system with better extraction yield and transfer rate than the traditional extraction technology is successfully established，which can extract polyphenols from A. clypearia 1048214903@qq.com in one step.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate nursing students' attitudes toward death and hospice care before they start clinical practice, analyze the correlation between the two attitudes and compare their differences in junior and regular nursing college students.Methods:A cross-sectional study was adopted to investigate the attitudes toward death and hospice care in 232 senior nursing students at school. Instruments included the Chinese version of the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R) and the Chinese version of the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale-Form B (FATCOD-B). Pearson correlation analysis and independent t-test were used to analyze the data.Results:The mean scores of the 5 dimensions of death attitude were neutral acceptance (4.10±0.43), fear of death (2.76±0.66), death avoidance (2.73±0.74), approach acceptance (2.61±0.58), and escape acceptance (2.48±0.75), respectively. The total score of hospice care attitude was (107.63±8.45), which was negatively correlated with fear of death ( r=-0.247, P<0.01), death avoidance ( r=-0.278, P<0.01), and escape acceptance ( r=-0.145, P<0.05) scores and positively correlated with neutral acceptance score ( r=0.405, P<0.01). The death avoidance score of regular nursing college students was significantly lower than that of junior nursing college students ( t=-2.043, P<0.05), and the hospice care attitude score of regular nursing college students was significantly higher that of junior nursing college students ( t=2.639, P<0.01). Conclusion:There is a big room to improve nursing students' attitudes toward death and hospice care. Strengthening end-of-life care education is imperative.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma has been used in the treatment of wounds in orthopedics, burn and plastic surgery, and has achieved good results. But its therapeutic effect in diabetic foot ulcers is still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma in diabetic foot ulcer. METHODS: PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, and VIP databases were searched for a randomized controlled trial of platelet-rich plasma for treating diabetic foot ulcers published before September 2018. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software after two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Sixteen randomized controlled trials were included, including 925 patients. The trial group was treated with platelet-rich plasma alone or platelet-rich plasma combined with conventional therapy (debridement, vacuum sealing drainage, or dressing coverage) . The control group received routine treatment, blank control or placebo treatment. (2) Meta-analysis showed that the healing rate in the trial group was higher than that in the control group [OR=3.05, 95％CI (2.25, 4.13) , P < 0.000 01]; effective rate was higher than that in the control group [OR=3.84, 95％CI (2.44, 6.06) , P < 0.000 01]; the ulcer healing time was shorter than that in the control group [MD=-11.39, 95％CI (-13.45, -9.34) , P < 0.000 01]; the cost of treatment was lower than that in the control group [MD=-5 927.76, 95％CI (-10 413.04, -1 442.49) , P=0.010]; and the hospitalization time was less than that in the control group [MD=-14.77, 95％CI (-18.82, -10.73) , P < 0.000 01]. (3) Four studies reported adverse reactions, but adverse reactions were not associated with platelet-rich plasma. (4) These results suggest that platelet-rich plasma has a good clinical effect in promoting the healing of diabetic foot ulcers, and no adverse reactions occur. Due to limitations in the quantity and quality of the studies, the above conclusions are yet to be verified by more high-quality studies.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the application effect of the experiential learning in the soft skills training of nursing students. Methods Using convenient sampling method to select one grade nursing students form a school in Guangzhou as the research objects, two classes were divided into the control group and the experimental group. The experimental group was trained by experiential learning, and the control group was trained by traditional teaching methods. After the training, the differences of nursing soft skills between the two groups were compared to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of experiential learning in improving nursing soft skills. Results After training, the total score of nursing soft skills in the experimental group was 156.94 ± 13.97 and the control group was 150.61 ± 12.58, the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.039,P<0.05). Nearly 91.4%(32/35) of nursing students were satisfied or very satisfied with the training methods of experiential learning and nursing students thought that ability or cognitive were promoted and the top three were: interpersonal communication ability, cognition of nursing soft skills, and nursing service etiquette. Nearly 82.9% (29/35) of nursing students expressed that they were willing to receive nursing soft skills training in experiential learning. Conclusions Experiential learning can effectively improve nursing soft skills of nursing students and it is suitable for promotion and application in nursing teaching.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the current status and influencing factors of geriatric nursing competence of clinical nurses from grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province, and provide basic materials and evidence-based reference for the set of suitable allocation of geriatric nursing competence training plan.@*Methods@#By convenience sampling, a total of 2 067 clinical nurses from 40 grade A tertiary hospitals in 16 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province were investigated with general information questionnaire and self-made geriatric nursing competence scale for clinical nurses.@*Results@#The item average score was 2.30±0.71. Among three domains, professional literacy scored the highest, followed by professional practice and professional development. Among ten sub-domains, the top three scored were law and ethic, critical thinking and safe management while the bottom three were coaching and mentoring, professional learning, research and innovation. Multiple linear regression showed that the influencing factors of geriatric nursing competence were nursing age (B=0.011, 95%CI 0.006-0.015, P<0.01), professional title (B=0.031, 95%CI 0.002-0.066, P<0.05), interest in aged care (B=0.214, 95%CI0.179-0.250, P<0.01) and experience regarding geriatric specialized or professional nurses qualification training(B=0.250, 95%CI 0.152-0.349, P<0.01).@*Conclusions@#The geriatric nursing competence of clinical nurses from grade A tertiary hospital in Guangdong Province is in the middle level. Interventions to improve the professional development competence of clinical nurses is thus much needed. Hospital managers should establish the talent team according to geriatric nursing competence of clinical nurses, and take related training.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of geriatric nursing competence of clinical nurses from grade A tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province, and provide basic materials and evidence-based reference for the set of suitable allocation of geriatric nursing competence training plan. Methods By convenience sampling, a total of 2 067 clinical nurses from 40 grade A tertiary hospitals in 16 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province were investigated with general information questionnaire and self-made geriatric nursing competence scale for clinical nurses. Results The item average score was 2.30 ± 0.71. Among three domains, professional literacy scored the highest, followed by professional practice and professional development. Among ten sub-domains, the top three scored were law and ethic, critical thinking and safe management while the bottom three were coaching and mentoring, professional learning, research and innovation. Multiple linear regression showed that the influencing factors of geriatric nursing competence were nursing age ( B=0.011, 95% CI 0.006-0.015, P＜0.01), professional title ( B=0.031, 95% CI 0.002-0.066, P＜0.05), interest in aged care ( B=0.214, 95% CI 0.179-0.250, P＜0.01) and experience regarding geriatric specialized or professional nurses qualification training( B=0.250, 95% CI 0.152-0.349, P＜0.01). Conclusions The geriatric nursing competence of clinical nurses from grade A tertiary hospital in Guangdong Province is in the middle level. Interventions to improve the professional development competence of clinical nurses is thus much needed. Hospital managers should establish the talent team according to geriatric nursing competence of clinical nurses, and take related training.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the correlation between sleep quality and anxiety in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD).Method Toally 118 patients with CKD were investigated with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS).Results About 75.42％ (89/118) patients had poor quality of sleep.The scores by PSQI and the dimensions were higher than those of the norms (all P＜0.05),but the total scores by PSQI and the factors of sleep quality,time of falling sleep,duration of sleep,use of hypnosis drugs were all significantly lower than those of the insomnia group (all P＜0.01).35.59％ (42/118) of the patients had anxiety and the score of SAS was significantly higher than that of the national norm (P＜0.01).The total scores of PSQI,sleep quality,sleep time,sleeping time,sleep disorder,daytime function were positively related to the score of SAS (P＜0.01).Conclusions The quality of sleep is poor in the CKD patients and there is a positive correlation between the quality of sleep and the anxiety.It is necessary to strengthen the knowledge-related health education and to provide emotional support and individualized nursing services for CKD patients so as to relieve their anxiety and improve their sleep quality.
ABSTRACT
Objective To construct the core competence index system of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities.Methods The Delphi method was used to investigate 30 nursing experts and consult about core competence that nursing postgraduates of TCM colleges and universities should have.Results The effective recovery rates of questionnaire were respectively 85.7％ and 86.7％.The authority coefficients were 0.86 and 0.84,and the consistency coefficients were 0.278 and 0.253 with statistical significance.Index system for core competence with 4 first-grade indexes and 20 second-grade indexes was formed.The full score ratio of first-class indexes was 0.96-1.00,coefficients variation was 0.10-0.13; for the second-class,the full score rate was 0.62-1.00,coefficient variation was 0.08-0.19.Conclusions For formation items of core competence index system of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities,the opinions of experts are centralized,which can provide reference for training program of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities.