ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the toxic reaction,toxic organs or target tissues of protamine recombinant human insulin (Insulin NPH),and provide basis for clinical trials by single dose toxicity test in mice,repeated toxicity and immunogenicity of Beagle's dogs,and systemic active allergy in guinea pig.Methods ① Using maximum dose method,mice in single dose toxicity test were sc injected with normal saline (NS),vehicle,and Insulin NPH (2092-2488 IU/kg),the toxic reactions after injection were monitored.② In repeated toxicity study,Beagle's dogs were sc administrated with vehicle,the original (Humulin NPH,1.5 IU/kg)and different doses of Insulin NPH (0.5,1.0 and 1.5 IU/kg) for 30 d continuously,followed by a 14-d recovery.During the administration and recovery period,general observation,local irritation,body weight,anus temperature,blood glucose,and electrocardiogram (ECG) were checked,moreover,hematology,serum biochemistry and urine were detected.Also,organic weights and histopathological examination were conducted.Binding antibodies in dog serum were measured by indirect ELISA method in immunogenicity test.③ In systemic active allergy study,cavies were sc injected with low-and high-dose (4 and 12 IU/kg) Insulin NPH,normal saline and vehicle.Besides,ova as positive control was also included.After five times of sensitization test with above doses,the excitation reactions of iv injection with tripled sensitizing doses were observed.Results No obvious toxicity was observed in mice after injected with 165 times of usual clinical dose of Insulin NPH.Repeated toxicity study of Beagle's dogs revealed that 1.0 IU/kg was the no-toxic-effect dose (NOAEL) for Insulin NPH,which was equivalent to 2 times of clinical dose.No bindingantibodies were found in immunogenicity test.There was no obvious allergic symptom in the active systemic allergy study of guinea pig.Conclusion Under the experimental conditions,no serious toxicity of Insulin NPH is found.
ABSTRACT
It is difficult to select the appropriate ventilation mode in clinical mechanical ventilation. This paper presents a nonlinear multi-compartment lung model to solve the difficulty. The purpose is to optimize respiratory airflow patterns and get the minimum of the work of inspiratory phrase and lung volume acceleration, minimum of the elastic potential energy and rapidity of airflow rate changes of expiratory phrase. Sigmoidal function is used to smooth the respiratory function of nonlinear equations. The equations are established to solve nonlinear boundary conditions BVP, and finally the problem was solved with gradient descent method. Experimental results showed that lung volume and the rate of airflow after optimization had good sensitivity and convergence speed. The results provide a theoretical basis for the development of multivariable controller monitoring critically ill mechanically ventilated patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Exhalation , Lung , Physiology , Models, Biological , Nonlinear Dynamics , Pulmonary Ventilation , Respiration , Respiration, Artificial , Tidal VolumeABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo observe the effect of mometasone furoate on serous eotaxin in children with allergic rhinitis.MethodsThe observation group included 30 cases who got allergic rhinitis and treated by mometasone furoate.The level of eotaxin before and after treatment was detected by ELISA,and was compared with normal children in control group.ResultsBefore treatment,the signs scores of observation group was (9.4 ± 2.3 ),and after treatment was(3.1 ± 1.8),the difference was statistically significant(t =2.148,P ＜0.05).The treatment effect contained 19 cases(63.3％ ) 9 cases(30.0％ ) effective and 2 cases(6.7％ ) ineffective.Before treatment,the level of eotaxin in observation group was remarkably higher than control group [ (221.41 ± 137.96 ) ng/L vs ( 128.71 ± 60.73 ) ng/L,t =- 2.721,P ＜ 0.05 ],after treatment,symptom and sign was mitigated and eotaxin level was remarkably lower than before treatment[ ( 115.50 ± 52.71 ) ng/L vs (221.41 ± 137.96 ) ng/L,t =- 3.661,P ＜ 0.05 ].There was no serious adverse reaction in observation group.ConclusionTreated allergic rhinitis by corticosteroids could inhibit the allergic inflammation and down-regulate the eotaxin level.