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Objective To study the relationship between cardiovascular diseases (CVD)and 24-h peritoneal protein losses (PPL) in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)patients. Methods One hundred and seventy-eight CAPD patients in our department were enrolled in this study. Their 24-h PPL was measured and other clinical data were recorded at the beginning. Meanwhile, Doppler ultrasound examination was performed. They were then followed-up prospectively for the development of CVD. Results The average of 24-h PPL was (5.0±1.8) g.Patients with diabetic status or preexisting CVD or carotid arteries arteriosclerosis had higher 24-h PPL than those without (t=2.082, P=0.039; t=2.601, P=0.010; t=2.217, P=0.029). 24-h PPL was positively correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd), interventricular septal thickness (IVSTd), posterior wall diameter of left ventricle at end-diastolic (LVPWd) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (r=0.222, P=0.040; r=0.217, P=0.043; r=0.339, P=0.002; r=0.305, P=0.007). It was negatively correlated with ejection fraction of left ventricle (r=0.221, P=0.040). One hundred and fourteen CAPD patients were prospectively followed-up for at least twelve months. Patients developing CVD were 40.4% and 19.3% for high and low PPL groups respectively (x2=6.035, P=0.014). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, the 24-h PPL was one of the independent factors for developing CVD. Conclusions There is a significant and independent relationship between 24-h PPL and new cardiovascular events. 24-h PPL may be an important predictor of cardiovascular disease.
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Laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) is currently the only equipment to observe fluorescence. However, this technique has disadvantages such as high cost and long test process. In this study, we developed a new system of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) for microfluidic chip applied to detecting the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in Bacillus subtilis. This novel system was comprised of laser device, optics unit, microfluidic chip, photomultiplier and computer treatment unit. The tests indicated that microfluidic chip could detect the expression of GFP as sensitively as LSCM in Bacillus subtilis. Moreover, this LIF detection system could instead of PCR to identify the positive clone in this special case. Nevertheless, the LIF system only was suitable to detect the fluorescent strength of GFP, and could not meet the request of some cases for example protein location. Therefore, this system will be applied in environmental detection with microbe, drug discovery and other cases.
Subject(s)
Bacillus subtilis , Metabolism , Green Fluorescent Proteins , Genetics , Microfluidic Analytical Techniques , MethodsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the function role and mechanism of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38MAPK) in up-regulating osteopontin mRNA expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells induced by interleukin-1?.Methods Activation of p38MAPK was detected with Western blotting,The effect of p38MAPK specific blockade SB203580 on the expression of osteoponlin mRNA in rat mesangial cells induced by interleukin-1? was measured with RT-PCR. Results interleukin-1? could activate p38MAPK in time- and dosage-dependent manner,and up-regulate osteopontin mRNA expression in rat glomerular mesangial cells. SB203580 obviously inhibited the up-regulation of osteopontin mRNA induced by interleukin-1? in dosage dependent manner. Conclusion p38MAPK may play an important role in the up-regulation of osteopontin in rat glomerular mesangial cells induced by interleukin-1?.
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AIM: To investigate the expression and functional role of p38MAPK in the kidney after unilateral ureteral obstruction in rats. METHODS: Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) models were induced by ligating the left ureter. Rats were sacrificed at 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after UUO was initiated. p38MAPK activity was assayed by immunohistochemical staining and specific substrate phosphorylation with immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. TGF? mRNA and protein expression were analyzed with in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical stainning. RESULTS: A basic p38MAPK activity was detectable in the normal kidney(0.22?0.06). p38MAPK pathway was rapidly activated at 1 hour(0.45?0.14 vs control, P