The study of tongue pressure during swallowing liquid in healthy adults / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the tongue pressure (TP) produced by tongue-hard palate contact in the process of normally swallowing liquid in healthy adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen adult male subjects were recruited to perform a single swallow of 5 ml water when sitting with upright position. The tongue pressure sensor sheet was used to monitor TP as a result of tongue-hard palate approximatation in the anteriomedian, midmedian, posteriomedian and circumferential parts, and the swallowing sound was recorded by microphone. The temporal sequence of TP at each measured part was obtained after setting the swallowing sound as the reference time. Also, the total duration, pre-peak duration, post-peak duration, maximum magnitude and integrated value of TP were recorded and compared among the measured parts.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TP was produced from anterior to posterior along the midline of hard palate during normal swallowing of water [Ch1: (-0.40 ± 0.22) s, Ch2: (-0.36 ± 0.21) s, Ch3: (-0.24 ± 0.18) s], with the circumferential TP [Ch4: (-0.38 ± 0.23) s, Ch5: (-0.40 ± 0.23) s] occurring nearly to the anteriomedian one (P > 0.05). Before the swallowing sound (P < 0.05), TP at each part reached a peak synchronously [Ch1: (-0.12 ± 0.24) s, Ch2: (-0.16 ± 0.22) s, Ch3: (-0.13 ± 0.21) s, Ch4: (-0.16 ± 0.23) s, Ch5: (-0.17 ± 0.23) s] in a rapid manner (P > 0.05), then decreased gradually until disappeared simultaneously [Ch1: (0.32 ± 0.23) s, Ch2: (0.27 ± 0.21) s, Ch3: (0.23 ± 0.16) s, Ch4: (0.33 ± 0.31) s, Ch5: (0.33 ± 0.29) s] (P > 0.05) after the swallowing sound (P < 0.05). The TP related parameters (the total duration of TP:Ch1: (0.72 ± 0.20) s, Ch2: (0.63 ± 0.16) s, Ch3: (0.47 ± 0.17) s, Ch4: (0.70 ± 0.35) s, Ch5: (0.73 ± 0.29) s; the pre-peak duration of TP: Ch1: (0.28 ± 0.21) s, Ch2: (0.20 ± 0.16) s, Ch3: (0.12 ± 0.10) s, Ch4: (0.21 ± 0.22) s, Ch5: (0.23 ± 0.21) s; the post-peak duration of TP: Ch1: (0.44 ± 0.23) s, Ch2: (0.43 ± 0.18) s, Ch3: (0.36 ± 0.18) s, Ch4: (0.49 ± 0.25) s, Ch5: (0.50 ± 0.23) s; the maximum magnitude of TP: Ch1: (13.80 ± 7.73) kPa, Ch2: (12.40 ± 6.51) kPa, Ch3: (10.26 ± 7.15) kPa, Ch4: (12.16 ± 5.38) kPa, Ch5: (13.08 ± 5.05) kPa; the integrated value of TP: Ch1: (4.99 ± 3.69) kPa×s, Ch2: (4.25 ± 2.13) kPa×s, Ch3: (2.88 ± 1.87) kPa×s, Ch4: (4.32 ± 3.47) kPa×s, Ch5: (4.63 ± 2.49) kPa×s were significantly smaller in the posteriomedian part among all the five parts measured. No laterality was found in TP produced at the circumferential parts of the hard palate (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The TP at each part coordinates precisely during swallowing. The effective measurement of TP by tongue pressure sensor sheet will facilitate the evaluation of oral swallowing and the diagnosis of dysphagia simply and non-invasively.</p>

Effects of tongue pressure sensor sheet on the signal waveform of laryngeal movement produced by bend sensor during deglutition / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of the application of tongue pressure sensor sheet on the signal waveform of laryngeal movement produced by the bend sensor during deglutition.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve adult male subjects were recruited to perform a single swallow of 5 ml water when sitting on the dental chair with upright position. The data recorded by bend sensor was obtained with attaching tongue pressure sensor sheet simultaneously or not. Then the measured parameters by bend sensor with or without concurrent application of tongue pressure sensor sheet were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences between the same time point on the signal waveform produced by bend sensor whether concurrently attaching tongue pressure sensor sheet or not (P > 0.05). Additionally, we found no statistical significances between matched phases on the signal waveform recorded by bend sensor with or without application of tongue pressure sensor sheet (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings in this study suggest us that the usage of tongue pressure sensor sheet exerted no influences on the waveform of the laryngeal movement produced by bend sensor during deglutition, facilitating us to further apply tongue pressure sensor sheet and bend sensor simultaneously to record tongue pressure production and hyoid activity during deglutition.</p>