ABSTRACT
Hypoxia inducible factor(HIF)is a key factor in the regulation of oxygen homeostasis, and its expression level is mainly influenced by oxygen concentration in the adaptation of the body to chronic hypoxia, with which many pediatric diseases are closely associated.The response to hypoxia can be altered by HIF and its mediated downstream signaling pathways, in addition to epigenetic modifications such as regulation of overall methylation or histone modification levels to adapt to hypoxic environments.Previous studies have shown that the transcriptional activity and stability of HIF are interrelated with various histone modifications including methylation/demethylation, hydroxylation, deacetylation, phosphorylation, and lactylation, which makes the study of epigenetic modification correlation deserves to be explored in depth as an important potential target for regulating HIF expression levels.
ABSTRACT
Acute lung injury is an inflammatory pulmonary disease with complex pathogenesis, frequently resulting in systematic hypoxia.As a central regulator modulating cellular oxygen levels, hypoxia reducible factor-1α affects the development of acute lung injury, which also has been gaining focus as a potential therapeutic target of acute lung injury.Therefore, hypoxia reducible factor-1α is a pivotal factor while understanding the pathogenesis and exploring the therapeutic approach of acute lung injury.
ABSTRACT
Recurrent respiratory tract infection affects children all over the world, but its causes and pathogenesis still remain unknown.In recent years, the scientific community has been focusing on its correlation with the gut microbiota, that has been paid significant interest on in the field of pediatrics.In this review, we summarized the mechanism of how gut microbiota influence the body and the lung, the connection between recurrent respiratory tract infection and gut microbiota, and the advances of treatment using probiotics, which would provide a reference for further studies.