ABSTRACT
Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome is an autoimmune syndrome that is characterized by the oligoclonal expansion of CD8+ T-lymphocytes in response to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens. The clinical manifestations include bilateral enlargement of the parotid glands, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, lymphocytic hepatitis, neurological involvement and systemic lymphadenopathies. In addition to a positive HIV test, the diagnostic histopathological findings are CD8+ T-lymphocytic infiltrations in the lymphnodes, liver, lung, muscle and the salivary or lacrimal glands without granulomatous or neoplastic involvement. We report a case of pulmonary involvement of diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome that was associated with a human immunodeficiency virus infection.