One Family of Aniridia

Aniridia is a congenital lack of iris and rudimentary iris tissue, almost always bilateral, occuring as a dominant characteristic by an autosomal gene with high penetrance and variable expression. The syndrome of congenital aniridia may be composed of four phenotypes. The authors have experienced one an iridic family: mother, one daughter and four sons. The most family members have ectopia lentis. cataract. corneal pannus and glaucoma as well as aniridia, so they were expected the first phenotype of aniridia due to a failure in development of retinal ectoderm. Two sons of them were operated in Chungnam National University Hospital for control of glaucoma and visual impairment due to cataractous ectopic lens. In one case the intraocular pressure was not controlled after trabeculectomy and in another case lens extraction resulted in visual improvement. The review was made of relating literatures for the case of aniridia family, breifly.

One Operated Case of Diabetic Cataract Induced by RH-787 Intoxication

A new rodenticide, RH-787, made in Rhom and Hass co. was introduced in this country because it was known relatively harmless to human and beasts. But many internists found that RH-787 induces diabetes in human after accidental ingestions. The effects of RH-787 on various organ are still controversial but the associaton of RH-787 with diabetes is now recognized through the clinical and experimental studies. The cataract is not infrequently seen in juvenile diabetics of several years' duration. In the case to be reported, the cataract was appeared more rapidly within about 2 years after known diabetes due to RH-787 intoxication than usual diabetic cataracts, and the visual results were good after bilateral extracapsular lens extractions with peripheral iridectomy, without any complication.

A Clinical Study of Ocular Injuries

Ocular injury ig one of the commonest causes of eye diseases, but its patterng and incidences are variable according to the envirmment. A clinical analysis was done for 450 cases of ocular injurieg, including 99 cases of in-patients which were observed in the Department of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Hospital during the period of 1975~1978. The results were as follows; 1) The incidence of ocular injurieg was 4.3% of all patientg and there was the tendency to increase year by year. Ocular injuries ocupied 18.3% of all admitted patients. 2) The incidence was more common in male (80.6%) and in the age of 2nd to 4th decades (47.4%). RelativeIy higher incidence of ocular injuries were observed in children under the age of 10 (16.2%) and the damage was usually more serious. 3) The ocular injurieg were more common in the spring (27.7%) hit in children the incidence was higher during vacationg. It seemed that the ocular injuries were related to patient's occupation. 4) Small flying particles, such as sand, iron particle and dugt, were the mogt common cause of the ocuIar injurieg (31.7%), followed by the injuries with the figt (13.1%) and the wooden stick (10.8%), but the injuries with the iron and gteel were mogt common in the admitted patients (23.2% of all cases). 5) Subconjunctival hemorrhage was most frequent in the ocular injuries (21.4%) and corneal foreign body (14.8%, corneoscleral laceration (19.5%, traumatic cataract (8.0%) and subcutaneous hemorrhage (58%). In the cages of in-patients, hyphema was most common (22.6% of admitted cases), followed by corneoscleral laceration with prolapsed uveal tissue (l9.3%) and traumatic cataract (9.9%). Contusion or concussion was the most frequent nature of trauma in all cases and the perforating injury in admitted cases. 6) Surgical interventions inculded the simple suture of the cornea and the scleral (38.5% of surgical cases), the irrigation of the anterior chamber (23.6%), enucleation or evisceration (14.9%) and others. 7) At the first visit, 6.4% of all cages were totally bund and the visual acuity showed below 0.1 in 16.8%. The visual acuity in in-patients was total blindness in 9.0%, below 0.1 in 60.6% and over 0.5 in 9.0% After treatment, 49.4% of them showed the visual acuity below 0.1, reflecting a poor prognosis. But tbe number of the patients over 0.5 increased to 24.2%, showing the significanes of proper treatment immediately after injury. The prognosis of the ocular injury is generally poor in spite of proper treatment. Prevention of bundness, therefore, is mandatory through public enlightment and education propened by the society as a whole with the ophthalmologits on the leading role.

Two Operated cases in Juvenile Diabetic Cataract

Of the complictions of cataract extraction, it is well known that hemorrhage, infection and delayed wound healing are more frequent in diabetics than in nondiabetics. But if the extraction was performed after diabetes has adequately controlled for several weeks prior to operation, the visual results are almost as good in diabetics as in non-diabetics. However, with precautions for these complications, the aut hers carefully performed cataract extraction in two juvenile diabetics, whose blood sugar level had been poorly controlled in spited of diabetic diet and subcutaneous injection of the insulin before and after operation. The visual results were very good in spite of high blood sugar level before operation.