Effects of Nutritional Education Practice Program for Cardiocerebrovascular High-risk Group at the Education Information Center / 대한지역사회영양학회지

This research was performed to investigate the effects of NEP (Nutritional Education Practice) program developed by KHyDDI (Korea Hypertension Diabetes Daegu Initiative) for hypertension and diabetes patients. The subjects were 116 patients (hypertension 70, diabetes 46) who had completed basic education program at the education information center and four-session program was implemented for them. Nutrient intake was analyzed and compared before and after the program by 24-hr recall method and evaluate weight, waist circumference, body fat, blood pressure and eating habits in terms of nutrition knowledge, eating behavior, salty taste assessment. The improved results after the program were observed in weight, waist circumference, body fat ratio, blood pressure, slightly salty taste in salty taste assessment, nutrition knowledge, eating behavior, sodium, energy, carbohydrate and protein intake ratio to total energy (p < 0.001). Therefore, this program is effective in the improvement of weight, waist circumference and eating behavior, and the continued management would lead to the prevention of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases in the community.

Relationships between Nutrient Intake Status and Sugar-containing Food Intake of Elementary School Students in Daegu-Kyungbook Area / 대한지역사회영양학회지

This study was conducted to investigate the association of nutrients intake with sugar-containing food consumption of elementary school students in Daegu-Kyungpook area. We analyzed the dietary information from 164 elementary school students (82 boys, 82 girls) participated in "Dietary Intake Survey of Infants, Children and Adolescents" conducted by Korea Food & Drug Administration and Korea Health Industry Development Institute. Information on habitual dietary intake of sugar-containing foods was collected by food frequency questionnaires. Daily nutrients intake of each subject was calculated from 24-hour recall data for two non-consecutive days. As a result of average daily intake of major foods of elementary school students was analyzed from 1 to 50 ranking that show up higher ranking of white milk and white rice but include many kind of sugar-containing food. Dietary intake of energy, carbohydrate, Ca, P, Fe and riboflavin were significantly lower for girls with higher sugar-containing food frequency scores. Significantly negative associations between Index of Nutrition Quality (INQ) and sugar-containing food frequency scores were observed for calcium (r = -0.34) and iron (r = -0.32) among girls. Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR) was significantly lower for girls with higher sugar-containing food frequency scores (r = -0.26). Our results indicated that nutrition education for elementary school students should focus on the importance of reducing the sugar-containing food consumption with more attention for girls.

Correlation between Aortic Stiffness and Abdominal Adiposity

BACKGROUND: Arterial stiffness is a strong indicator of cardiovascular risk. Increased visceral fat confers greater risks of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationships between arterial stiffness and regional distribution of abdominal adiposity (i.e. subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue). METHODS: Thirty obese participants (M:F=17:13, mean age=53.6+/-12.0 years) underwent anthropometric measurements, laboratory procedures such as serum lipid levels and abdominal computed tomography scan. The aortofemoral pulse wave velocity was measured by foot to foot method using two continuous Doppler waves. RESULTS: Pulse wave velocity was positively associated with age, hip circumference (P<0.01), visceral to subcutaneous abdominal fat ratio and body weight (P<0.05), but independent of the total abdominal, visceral, and subcutanous fat. Although not positively associated, the mean pulse wave velocity tended to be higher in patients with history of hypertension or diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The site of abdominal fat distribution contribute to the prediction of arterial stiffness and visceral adiposity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events.

The Effects of Vibration Baths on Abdominal Fat and Blood Lipid Profile in Obese Women

BACKGROUND: Abdominal obesity is recognized as an important risk factor of metabolic diseases and atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of vibration baths on abdominal fat and blood lipid profiles in obese women. METHODS: From Apr. to Jun 2000, the 32 obese women received vibration baths for 4 weeks (30 minutes/day, repeated 5 times per week). The people were divided randomly into two groups, the case (n=17) and the control (n=15) group. The case group received vibration baths (55 Hz) and the control group took baths only. Body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), body fat distribution, lipid profiles, and blood pressures were measured in all subjects immediately before and after 4 weeks of the study. The body fat distribution was assessed by CT scan by which both total abdominal and visceral fat areas were measured at the level of the umbilicus. RESULTS: After 4 weeks, 13 subjects remained in both groups, respectively, and the total abdominal and visceral fat area decreased significantly in the case group compared from those of the control group. There were no significant differences in body weight, body fat mass, serum lipid profiles, and blood pressures before and after the baths in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that vibration baths is effective in decreasing abdominal fat. But there were no significant weight change, the effect is insufficient in obesity treatment goal.