ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: With the advance of the techniques of echocardiography and cardiovascular surgery, early detection and successful cardiovascular surgery of congenital heart disease is possible in infant as well as in child. And with the advance of the social insurance, the new case of adult congenital heart disease with mild cardiovascular symptom or frank symptom of the pulmonary hypertension is decreasing. We statistically analyze the new case of adult congenital heart disease. METHOD: 92 patients who were diagnosed to congenital heart disease by echocardiography from January 1993 to June 1998 were studied. 2.25 MHz probe for two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography and biplane 5 MHz phased-array probe for transesophageal echocardiography(Ultramark-9) were used. RESULT: Among 92 patients, 45 patients(48.9%) were male and 47 patients(51.1%) were female and 6 patients(male : 2, female : 4) had multiple congenital heart disease. 61 patients(66.3%) had no definitive cardiovascular symptom and right bundle branch block was most common electrocardiographic abnormality. 32 cases(32.8%) were atrial septal defect, 21 cases(21.5%) ventricular septal defect, 12 cases(12.3%) patent ductus arteriosus, 8 cases(8.2%) congenial bicuspid aortic valve and so on. Female predominance was noted in ventricular septal defect and endocardial septal defect, while male predominance in bicuspid aortic valve and discrete subaortic stenosis. Atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus were no sex difference. 23 cases(25.0%) were between 20 29, 17 cases(18.5%) between 15-19, and 2 cases(2.2%) over 70 years old. CONCLUSION: Our analysis shows similarity to previous report. With advance of the technique of echocardiography and cardiovascular surgery, a few new case of adult congenital heart disease can be diagnosed hereafter.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Aortic Valve , Bicuspid , Bundle-Branch Block , Discrete Subaortic Stenosis , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent , Echocardiography , Echocardiography, Doppler , Electrocardiography , Heart Defects, Congenital , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Sex Characteristics , Social SecurityABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is closely associated with African Burkitt lymphoma, B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders arising in immunocompromised individuals, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Whether EBV is also associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in patients without pre-existing immunocompromized status is less clear. The authors examined the clinical, morphologic, immunohistochemical features of 42 sporadic NHLs in areas of head and neck and aslo analyzed the presence of EBV genome by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). METHODS: All lymphoma cases examined were classified according to the Working Formulation and also determined the immunophenotype using paraffin-embedded sections. For PCR, DNA was extracted from formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue using chelating resin with some modifications, and processed amplification with EBV genome primers. RESULTS: Morphologically, the cases consisted of 21 diffuse large cell, 7 diffuse mixed cell, 5 large immunoblastic, 4 follicular, two small cleaved cell, two small lymphocytic and one lymphoblastic lymphoma in Working Formulation classification. Immunohistochemically, 29 cases were of B-cell lineage, 11 cases were of T-cell lineage and two cases were of non-B and non-T cell immunophenotype. EBV genome was detected in 8 of 42 cases (19%) including 3 of 29 B-cell lymphomas (10%), and 5 of 11 T-cell lymphomas (45%). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that EBV play a role in the development of B and T-cell lymphoma.