Echocardiographic Indices of the Severity in Patients with Mitral Stenosis

In our study we estimated mitral orifice area by use of two dimensional echocardiography in 59 patients with mitral stenosis form February 1979 till June 1981. We classified them to 3 subgroups by severity of mitral stenosis as Cope was done in 1975. and investigated correlationship between the severity and other various echo-cardiographic findings indices such as mitral valve calcification, posterior mitral leaflet motion, doming of mitral valve, EF slope, ED amplitude, LA dimension, LA/Ao ratio and especially mitral valve closure index. The following results were obtained. 1) We could accurately estimate mitral orifice area by two dimensional echocardiography. 2) Except EF slope and MVCI, we could find that various echocardiographic findings were poorly correlated with mitral orifice area measured from two-dimensional echocardiography. 3) MVCI was overlapped less frequently than EF slope in severe, moderate and mild mitral stenosis, and we could find that MVCI reflected the extent of mitral stenosis more accurately than EF slope.

A Case of Enema - Induced Colitis / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Enemas are sometimes used in hospital and domicilliary practice and occasionally by patients themselves without a valid indication. The present repart is one in which enernas were done for 3 months by a patient himself to treat his hemorrhoid and resulted in severe inflamimatory change with large-siaed illdefined shallow ulceration in rectum and sigmoid colon. This patient, a 53 year old male, entered the hospital with the complaint of diarrhea with passage of bloody muct.. Colonoscopic examination revealed severe inflammatory change, friable mucosa and several relatively large-sized ill-defined shallow ulceration in rectum and sigmoid colon. A biopsy was performed and microscapic examination revealed intense infiltrates and plasma cells and crypt abscess with decreased goblet cells in the lamiina propria. The submucosa showed edema with infiltrates of chronic inflammatory cells and neutrophils. Conservative treatment with discontinue of enemas and fluid supply was performed. And his symptoms were improved. After second week, follow-up colonoscopy revealed inflammatory changes were improved.