A longitudinal study on the developmental changes of dental arch width and length / 대한치과교정학회지

Developmental changes of dental arch width and length from 6.6 to 13.6 years of age have been studied in twenty boys and thirteen girls in Korean school children. A series of 8 dental casts obtained from each child was measured in the intercanine width, intermolar width and arch length. Afterwards, mean value and each standard deviation of each age group and each gender were obtained, and corresponding graphs were drawn. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows : 1.Maxillary intercanine widths increased until age of 13.5 in males and age of 12.5 in females. On the other hand, mandibular intercanine widths increased until age of 11.5 in males and age of 9.6 in females and after there were on changes. 2. Maxillary intermolar widths increased until age of 13.5 but increments reduce from age of 12.5 in both sex. Mandibular intermolar widths increased until age of 13.5 in males and age of 12.5 in females. Annual increments of maxillary intermolar width greater than those of mandibular intercanine width in both sex. 3. Maxillary dental arch lengths increased until age of 10.6 in both sex, and after decreased until age of 13.6. Mandibular dental arch lengths increased until age of 10.5 in males and of 9.6 in females, and after decreased until age of 13.6. 4. Developmental changes of dental arch width and length showed individual variation.

The Comparative Investigation of the Spread of Epidural Anesthesia / 대한마취과학회지

Epidural anesthesia is widely practiced for lower abdominal operation and delivery in many hospital and its complication in minimal compared with spinal anesthesia. Lidocaine has been used extensively for epidural anesthesia with very satisfactory results. It has a very rapid onset of action, producing complete analgesia and has a reasonable duration of action(about 1-1(1/2)hr). A concentration of 1. 5% lidocaine causes effective sensory and autonomic blockade but it is unlikely to produce motor paralysis. More recently, bupivacaine(0.5%) has tended to supplement lidocaine as the drug of choice of epidural anesthesia. Firstly, the duration of action is longer. Secondly, it has better affinity for the tissue so that less will be absorbed into the circulation, thus reducing the risk of a toxic reaction. Thirdly, when used with a continuous technique, there is much chance of tachyphylaxis. Using a standardized anesthesia technic, we compared level of sensory anesthesia with a 0. 5% bupivacaine and 1. 5% lidocaine under elective and emergency surgery. When equal volume of local anesthetic solution were injected(20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine and l. 5% lidocaine) there were no statistically significant differences in sensory level in bupivacaine and lidocaine, but the duration of anesthesia in bupivacaine from 2 to 3 times longer than lidocaine.

Ambulatory Anesthesia / 대한마취과학회지

An imaginative innovation to shorten hospital stays as a means to reduce patient charges, is out-patient surgery. This procedure also minimized the inconvenience and disruption of the family unit, reduced the opportunities for cross-infection, and freed hospital beds for the more seriously ill patients Since the concept of out-patient surgical service was organized, managed, and performed in the Hanyang Medical Center, we had experience of 132 ambulatory anesthetics during the last two years (from Jan. 1974. to Dec. 1975 ). The results are summarized as follower 1. Preanesthetic examination should be routinely checked with Hb., Hct., urinalysis and chest x-ray. 2. Premedication should be administered preanesthetically, atropine sulfate intravenously. 3. ASA class 1 patients should be chosen for short (less than 1 hour) procedures. 4. Anesthesia is induced with Epontol+S.C.C. and maintained with Halothane+N2O+O2. 5. We suggest that ambulatory anesthesia should be more carefully planned, organized, and managed.