Factors Influencing on Intention to Use Mobile Application for Health Promotion in Middle Aged Women: Applying the Health Belief Model / 재활간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing on intention to use mobile application (app) for health promotion in middle-aged women aged 40 to 64 years. @*Methods@#A total of 586 women participated in the self-report questionnaires through an online survey. Data were collected from February 10 to 16, 2021. Data were analyzed using x 2 test and logistic regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 22.0. @*Results@#429 (73.2%) participants had intention to use mobile app for health promotion. Factors influencing on intention to use mobile app in this study were perceived usefulness (odds ratio [OR]=5.62, 95% confidence interval [CI]=3.45~9.14, p<.001), perception of health risks (OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.09~1.81, p=.012), no experience of mobile app use (OR=0.57, 95% CI=1.09~2.59, p=.018), and obesity (OR=2.93, 95% CI=1.76~4.87, p<.001). @*Conclusion@#This study suggests that it is important to improve awareness about usefulness of mobile apps and health risks as a strategy to increase the intention to use app for health promotion in addition to develop mobile apps for weight management in middle-aged women. In addition, mobile app interventions at public health centers are required to manage the middle-aged women’s health as an active community-based health management.

Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of Advance Directives Attitude Scale for Nurses / 중환자간호학회지

Purpose@#: This study aimed to verify the validity and reliability of the Korean version of the nurses’ attitude scale toward advance directives of patients. @*Methods@#: We translated and back-translated the original tool consisting of 20 questions and tested and verified its content validity. Questions for which its content validity has been verified, a preliminary investigation was conducted among 20 nurses working in ICU, followed by the actual investigation. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 for Windows and Mac and AMOS version 24.0. To verify the validity, an item analysis was conducted for all 398 samples, and then an exploratory factor analysis for 200 samples that were randomly selected, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis for the remaining 198 samples. @*Results@#: Korean version of advance directives attitude scale (K-ADAS) consisting of 14 questions – 7 questions on ‘patient rights,’ 4 questions on ‘role of a nurse,’ and 3 questions on ‘ethical judgment’ – was verified its validity and reliability. @*Conclusion@#: In this study, the validity and reliability of the K-ADAS have been verified. We expect the verified tool to be useful in various fields that measuring the nurses’ attitude toward advance directives of patients.

Effects of Clinical Nurses’ Workplace Bullying, Empathic Ability, and Resilience on Job Satisfaction / 중환자간호학회지

Purpose@#: The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between workplace bullying, empathic ability, resilience, and job satisfaction to provide basic data for the development of programs and education aimed at improving nurses’ job satisfaction. @*Methods@#: Data were collected through a structured questionnaire disseminated to nurses working in general hospitals. A total of 226 questionnaires were used for the analysis. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis. @*Results@#: Nurses’ job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with empathic ability and resilience and a significant negative correlation with workplace bullying. Additionally, resilience, workplace bullying, empathic ability, religion, and the hope of moving to another department were significant factors affecting job satisfaction. The explanatory power of these variables for job satisfaction was 41.0%. @*Conclusion@#: To improve job satisfaction, a strategy to lower workplace bullying and increase empathic ability and resilience is necessary. The results of this study suggest the need for further research to develop educational programs for nurses to strengthen their empathic ability and resilience.

Effects of Clinical Nurses’ Workplace Bullying, Empathic Ability, and Resilience on Job Satisfaction / 중환자간호학회지

Purpose@#: The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between workplace bullying, empathic ability, resilience, and job satisfaction to provide basic data for the development of programs and education aimed at improving nurses’ job satisfaction. @*Methods@#: Data were collected through a structured questionnaire disseminated to nurses working in general hospitals. A total of 226 questionnaires were used for the analysis. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, a one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis. @*Results@#: Nurses’ job satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation with empathic ability and resilience and a significant negative correlation with workplace bullying. Additionally, resilience, workplace bullying, empathic ability, religion, and the hope of moving to another department were significant factors affecting job satisfaction. The explanatory power of these variables for job satisfaction was 41.0%. @*Conclusion@#: To improve job satisfaction, a strategy to lower workplace bullying and increase empathic ability and resilience is necessary. The results of this study suggest the need for further research to develop educational programs for nurses to strengthen their empathic ability and resilience.

Factors Influencing Osteoporosis Awareness Depending on Family Structure-Postmenopausal Women Aged over 50 Years with Osteoporosis

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing osteoporosis awareness depending on the family structure in postmenopausal women aged over 50 years with osteoporosis. @*Methods@#The study was a cross-sectional study that used secondary data. Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis aged over 50 years (n = 567) from the National Health Nutrition Survey of the 5th (2010, 2011) were selected for analysis. Data were analyzed by complex sampling design multiple regression analysis. @*Results@#Among the patients with osteoporosis, the osteoporosis awareness was very low at 29.0%, and 32.5% for single households and 28.1% for household with spouses. There were significant differences in the factors influencing osteoporosis awareness depending on the family structure. For single household, factors that influenced osteoporosis awareness included sleeping for more than 9 hours (OR, 4.32), anxiety and depression (OR, 3.21), a history of fracture (OR, 0.29), and a family history of osteoporosis (OR, 0.29). In the household with a spouse, osteoporosis awareness was highest in women in their 60 seconds (OR, 3.45), unhealthy group (OR, 2.27), and underweight group (OR, 5.31). Other factors that influenced osteoporosis awareness included pain/discomfort (OR, 2.31), smoking (OR, 7.71), and a history of fracture (OR, 0.36). @*Conclusion@#It is necessary to improve osteoporosis awareness for effective osteoporosis management through osteoporosis screening and counseling, and continuous osteoporosis education programs.

Subjectivity Study on Smoking Cessation of Korean Adult Males: Q-Methodological Approach

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify subjectivity on smoking cessation of Korean adult males, and to provide basic data, for non-smoking policies. METHODS: Q-methodology, a method of analyzing subjectivity of each item, was used. Thirty-nine adult males, classified 36 selected Q-statements into normal distribution, using a 9-point scale. Collected data were analyzed, using the pc-QUNAL program. RESULTS: Among the Korean adult males, three types of smoking cessation were identified. The name for Type I was ‘pursuit of faith’, for Type II, ‘factor of relationship disturbance’ and for Type III ‘ambivalence’. CONCLUSION: Results of this study indicate that different approaches to intervention on smoking cessation are best served for Korean adult males, based on the three types of smoking cessation, and their characteristics.

Somatic Symptoms and Quality of Life in Adults: Moderating Effect of Spiritual Well-being / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the moderating effect of spiritual well-being between somatic symptoms and quality of life in adults. METHODS: This study was conducted using a questionnaire which included item for somatic symptoms, spiritual well-being, and quality of life. Data were collected from 226 adults living in Korea from April to May, 2018. Using the IBM SPSS 21.0 statistics program, the collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean cores (men/women) of somatic symptoms, spiritual well-being, and quality of life were 1.48±0.32 (1.44±0.34 / 1.50±0.31), 2.80±0.55 (2.68±0.53 / 2.86±0.55), and 2.49±0.49 (2.50±0.56/2.49±0.45), respectively. Somatic symptoms and spiritual well-being explained approximately 46% of quality of life. Moderating effect of spiritual well-being was statistically non-significant in adults, but significant in men. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to consider spiritual well-being variables as a strategy for improving the quality of life of men. Also, it is suggested a qualitative study to understand in depth the subjective spiritual well-being.

Body Esteem, Stress, and Health Promoting Behavior among Korean Adults in a Community / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between body esteem, stress, and health promoting behaviors among Korean adults in a community and to identify factors that influence health promoting behaviors. METHODS: This study was conducted using a questionnaire which included item for body esteem, stress and health promotion behaviors. Data were collected from 257 adults living in Jeollabuk-do in Korea from November to December, 2015. The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. RESULTS: The mean score of body esteem was 2.73±0.43, stress was 1.89±0.68, and health promoting behaviors was 2.22±0.45. There was a significant positive correlation between body esteem and health promotion behaviors (r=.47, p<.001), whereas there was a significant negative correlation between stress and health promotion behaviors (r=-.47, p<.001). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, body esteem, religion, education explained approximately 30.1% of health promoting behaviors (F=37.73, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results in this study indicate that body esteem is the most important factor in health promoting behaviors among Korean adults. Thus, body esteem contents should be included in developing programs for adults to enhance their health promoting behaviors.

Subjectivity About Sexual Ethics Among Korean Undergraduate Students Using Q Methodology

PURPOSE: Most undergraduate students are in the phase of gaining mental and physical autonomy from their parents as they expand their worlds. The ways that sexual ethics are established during this time may have an important influence on healthy lifestyles and the maintenance of social order. This study aims to determine a typology of undergraduate students' sexual ethics and the characteristics that compose the types. METHODS: Q methodology, which analyzes the subjectivity of each type of attitude, was used. The 44 selected Q statements from 43 participants were classified into the shape of a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using the PC-QUANL program. RESULTS: The results revealed three discrete groups of students with respect to sexual ethics: traditional absolute purity type, open-minded compromise type, and rational responsibility type. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that different approaches to educational programs on sexual ethics are recommended for undergraduate students based on the three types studied.

Validity and Reliability of Korean Version of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Korean Version of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale (K-SCCS). METHODS: A cross-sectional study design was used. The K-SCCS consisted of 26 questions to measure spiritual care competence of nurses. Participants, 228 nurses who had more than 3 years'experience as a nurse, completed the survey. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine the construct validity and correlations of K-SCCS and spiritual well-being (SWB) were used to examine the criterion validity of K-SCCS. Cronbach's alpha was used to test internal consistency. RESULTS: The construct and the criterion-related validity of K-SCCS were supported as measures of spiritual care competence. Cronbach's alpha was .95. Factor loadings of the 26 questions ranged from .60 to .96. Construct validity of K-SCCS was verified by confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA=.08, CFI=.90, NFI=.85). Criterion validity compared to the SWB showed significant correlation (r=.44, p<.001). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that K-SCCS serves as an appropriate measure of spiritual care competence with validity and reliability. However, further study is needed to retest the verification of the factor analysis related to factor 2 (professionalisation and improving the quality of spiritual care) and factor 3 (personal support and patient counseling). Therefore, we recommend using the total score without distinguishing subscales.

Perception on Hospice, Attitudes toward Death and Needs of Hospice Care between the Patients with Cancer and Family / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the perception on hospice, attitudes toward death and needs of hospice care between the patients with cancer and family. METHODS: This study used descriptive research design. The participants were 118 patients with cancer hospitalized and 118 family caregivers of patients with cancer. The data collected by questionnaires from October to December, 2013. RESULTS: There was significant difference in perception on hospice (recognition of hospice term and definition of hospice) and needs of hospice care between patients and family. Among the categories of the needs, 'medical needs' was the highest in patients and 'emotional care' was the highest in family. But there was no significant difference in attitudes toward death. There correlation between attitudes toward death and needs of hospice care was significant only in patients. CONCLUSION: Hospice care must be provided considering the death attitudes and needs of patients with cancer and family based on the understanding of perception on hospice, attitudes toward death of the patients with cancer and family.

Factors of Affecting Suicidal Ideation in Elders Living in own Home / 정신간호학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting suicidal ideation in elders who lived in their own home. METHODS: A correlative research design was used. Survey was conducted in Jeonbuk province in Korea. Data were collected from July 1 to 30, 2013. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regressions with SPSS 18.0 program were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) Meaning in life had a positive relation to gratitude and a negative relation to depression and suicidal ideation. Gratitude had a negative relation to depression and suicidal ideation. Depression had a significantly positive relation to suicidal ideation. (2) The significant factors affecting suicidal ideation were depression, residential area, subjective economic level, and subjective health status which together explained 36% of the variance. The results indicate that depression was a significant factor associated with suicidal ideation among elders. CONCLUSION: In order to decrease suicidal ideation among elders, active intervention for depression is needed. Nurses should consider individual conditions of the client - residential area, subjective economic level, and subjective health status. Also nurses should consider mental, as well as physical health when caring for elders.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Preventive Health Behavior of Cancer in Middle-aged Men / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the knowledge, attitude, and preventive health behavior of cancer in middle-aged men and to provide data for education program regarding cancer prevention. METHODS: This study was a descriptive research using a questionnaire, which included 20 items for knowledge, 10 items for attitude, and 18 items for preventive health behavior of cancer. Data were collected from 140 middle-aged men. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used with SPSS/WIN 18.0 to analyze the data. RESULTS: The mean score for knowledge of cancer was 11.58 (range 0~20), for attitude, 37.52 (range 5~50), and for preventive health behavior of cancer, 58.85 (range 18~90). Preventive health behavior of cancer showed a significantly positive correlation with knowledge (r=.27, p=.001) and attitude (r=.31, p<.001) toward cancer. In stepwise multiple regression analysis, knowledge and attitude toward cancer were significant factors affecting preventive health behavior of cancer. Those variables explained 12.5% of cancer preventive behavior. CONCLUSION: In order to develop a cancer prevention education program for middle-aged men, accurate knowledge and improving attitude should be considered. Furthermore, it is necessary to do further study with a larger random sample according to lifespan.

A Comparative Study of Life Styles between Lung Cancer Patients and Healthy Adults

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the development of a life habit improvement program, designed to prevent occurrence of lung cancer for adults, by comparing various factors related to cancer outbreak. METHODS: The study was designed to be a retrospective comparison survey study of the lung cancer patient group and healthy adult group. 91 lung cancer patients visited J university hospital and 105 conveniently-selected healthy adults were recruited from October 2011 to August 2012. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi2-test/t-test and logistic regression with the SPSS program. RESULTS: Active smoking, secondhand smoking and frequency of meat consumption emerged as risk factors of lung cancer occurrence for adults. CONCLUSION: As a result of comparative analysis of lung cancer patients and healthy adults' various lifestyle-related cancer risk factors, non-smoking, avoiding secondhand smoke and reducing meat consumption were suggested as a means of preventing the occurrence of lung cancer.

High School Boys' Images of Men as Nurses / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the images of men as nurses held by high school boys, and to provide basic data about the desirability of nursing as a career choice for them. METHODS: Q-methodology which provides a method of analyzing the subjectivity of each item was used: The 35 high school boys classified 31 selected Q-statements into a normal distribution using a 9-point scale. The collected data was analyzed by the pc-QUNAL program. RESULTS: Among the high school boys, three types of images of men as nurses were identified. Type I; A promising occupation for men through active way of thinking, Type II; Men working in a woman oriented field of work, Type III; A promising profession without any gender stereotype. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that specific strategies should be developed to promote the choice of nursing among high school boys.

Effects of Self-leadership and Job Involvement on Clinical Competence in General Hospital Nurses / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: This study was performed to identify the effects of self-leadership and job involvement on clinical competence in general hospital nurses. METHODS: The participants in this study were 443 staff nurses working in general hospitals and having more than 6 months of nursing experience. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. RESULTS: There were significant positive correlations between nurses' self-leadership and job involvement, and between nurses' self-leadership and clinical competence. In the multiple regression analysis, clinical career, type of department and self-leadership were significant predictors in explaining nurses' clinical competence and accounted for 28% of the variance in nurses' clinical competence. CONCLUSION: Study findings suggest that nurses' self-leadership is defined as having an important influence on nurses' clinical competence. In order to strengthen nurses' clinical competence, there is a need to develop education programs to increase nurses' self-leadership.