ABSTRACT
Background: anemia in pregnancy is a common problem. Easy diagnosis and treatment enhance focus on anemia cases
Aim and Objectives: to determine the common types and grades of anemia in a hospital lab in Riyadh and to compare types of anemia among age and pregnancy status
Method: cross-sectional study. Study area: a hematology-log in lab
Samples: convenience samples of 120 anemic ladies
Tool: questionnaires. Methods of data collection: CBC results
Results: This study-addressing anemia among women in a lab in Riyadh involves 120 ladies. When they were distributed as pregnant and non-pregnant women, 70% were pregnant. About 70% of the pregnant and 39% of non-pregnant had iron deficiency anemia, this difference statistically significance (P= 0.0013). Normocytic normochromic anemia was falling in 26% and 50% of the pregnant and non-pregnant ladies respectively; this difference was statistically significant (P= 0.0112). About 94.5% of iron deficiency anemias have low MCH. PCV was low in all cases of anemia
Conclusion: Anemia in women of child bearing age are more commonly observed in study. Most common type of anemia among cases was iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia was the most common in pregnant, while normochromic normocytic anemia was the most common in non-pregnant. MCV and MCH were significant characteristics finding in iron deficiency anemia
ABSTRACT
Background: this study aimed to assess parental knowledge and attitudes on childhood immunization among Saudi parents
Methods: this was a cross sectional prospective study. Pretested well designed questionnaires were distributed during March 2017. Parents with children of 0-12 years old were invited to answer the questionnaires. Association between dependent variables [knowledge, and attitudes] and independent ones [parent's demographics] were tested using Chi-square test. P values of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant
Results: a total of 731 parents were recruited. Parents had good knowledge on aspects related to the general role of vaccination in prevention of some infectious diseases were 672[91.9%], timing of the first dose in vaccination schedule included 635[86.9%]. However, poor knowledge was documented among parents in other aspects like the importance of administration of multiple doses of the same vaccine to child immunity were 304[41.6%], administration of multiple vaccines at the same time have no negative impacts on child immunity were 271[37.1%], vaccination of children against seasonal influenza were 334[45.7%] and contraindication to vaccination were 287[39.3%]. Parents attitudes towards immunization was positive expect in some aspects related to vaccination side effects showed 316 [34.2%] and the probability of occurrence of diseases against which the child was vaccinated was 288[39.4%]. Gender, residence and educational level were found to be significantly associated with both parent's knowledge and attitudes towards immunization
Conclusion: although parents had good knowledge and positive attitudes on some aspects related childhood immunization, gaps in both studied domains were identified. Educational interventions are needed to upgrade parent's knowledge with special emphasis on less educated and residents of rural areas
ABSTRACT
Background: The prevalence of asthma has increased considerably in the last few years. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of asthma and its related risk factors among children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was carried out. Pretested well-designed questionnaires were distributed during the period from May to October 2016
Results: Parents of 1700 children out of 4000 have completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 42.5%, 1082 [63.6%] of them were male. Asthma prevalence among girls [14.4%] was higher than boys [12.4%], but this difference was insignificant. Asthma prevalence was significantly higher among Saudi participants [14.4%] compared to non- Saudi [5.9%]. Nature of residency, the presence of a plant or presence of pets at home had no significant effect on asthma prevalence. A smoking of family member and a history of asthma in the family had an important association on asthma prevalence rate. The highest prevalence of asthma [29.7%] was among the younger children [<3 years]. Symptoms of asthma enhanced during exercise. The positive association between asthma and both cough and breathlessness was noted. Asthma had no effect on schools absenteeism, visiting or admission to hospitals. Body mass index had no effect on the prevalence of asthma
Conclusion: The asthma prevalence rate among children was 13.1%, whereas, smoking and a history of asthma in the family increased this rate. Further studies are recommended to investigate asthma prevalence based on clinical and laboratory diagnosis to explore the link between asthma and obesity
ABSTRACT
Background: child abuse is a worldwide problem that affects seriously the health and welfare of children. Parents have a key role to avoid or prevent the exposure of their children to abuse
Objectives: this study was conducted to assess the awareness about child rights and the most important ways to detect child abuse among the parents and to investigate the risk and protective factors associated with prevalence rates and impact and the parent's role in cases of abuse in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Methods: a questionnaire was distributed among the general public in Riyadh City. The questionnaire consisted of questions about socio-demographic data of the respondents, as well as other questions that explored the awareness and knowledge about child abuse. The respondents were assorted into two groups according to total knowledge score
Results: respondents showed good knowledge of physical neglect, educational neglect, and physical abuse. According to the respondents, the most common types of abuse in the community were emotional and physical abuse; the most common risk factors were psychiatric illnesses and low educational level; the most common perpetrators were strangers, drivers, house servants, classmates, teachers, fathers and mothers. A high percentage of respondents did not know places that can help in dealing with abuse cases
Conclusion: the respondents displayed a fair level of knowledge about the types of abuse, the most common risk factors and the effective methods to protect the children against abuse. However, defects in their knowledge were detected as regards what constitutes physical child abuse and where to seek aid if abuse is suspected