ABSTRACT
Background: The testis is the primary reproductive organ in the male, it is an ovoid organ covered from outside inwards by, the tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea and tunica vasculosa. Each testis is separated from its fellow by a fibrous median raphe, which is deficient superiorly. The testis consists of numerous lobules, about 250-400, each lobule contains from one to three, or more convoluted tubules. Objectives: The aim of this work was to study the prenatal and postnatal development of the albino rat testes considering its structure and maturation. Methods: 35 healthy, non-pregnant female and 18 male albino rats weighing (200-250 g) were obtained from the animalhouse, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. After mating and pregnancy, the rat embryos and offsprings were divided into 3 groups and 9 subgroups; Group A (13th, 16th &18th day fetal rats), Group B (1st, 10th, 15th &21st postnatal days rats) and Group C (2 months and 6 months old rats). The fetal rats (13th and 16th) were fixed as whole, while the remaining prenatal, postnatal and adult rats were dissected to obtain testes, which were processed for light and electron microscopic examinations, morphometric and immunohistochemical studies. Results: Albino rats at prenatal day 13 (E13) showed the gonads were formed of genital ridges which were present on the posterior abdominal wall on both sides of the developing dorsal aorta. Albino rats at prenatal day 16 (E16) showed The sex cords were transformed into fetal seminiferous cords in the form of compact structures without lumen. The testes at prenatal day 18(E 18) showed the seminiferous cords form the main bulk of the testis and the interstitial tissue nearly completely differentiated with small amount of connective tissue in the spaces between seminiferous cords especially in the center. In postnatal day 1,10,15(D1,D10&D15) showed The parenchyma of testis was consisted of multiple rounded and elongated seminiferous cords. In postnatal day 21 (D21), The parenchyma of testis was consisted of multiple closely packed ovoid shaped seminiferous tubules, some of them still cords with no lumina. In adult group, The parenchyma of testis consisted of large multiple seminiferous tubules, separated by relatively narrow interstitial spaces and attained lumina containing sperms. Immunohistochemistry showed positive reaction to proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) at E13, E16 & E18. Also positive reaction to (PCNA) showed in postnatal and adult groups. Conclusion: Sexual differentiation of the gonads in albino rats starts after 13 days of gestation and the development of testes in albino rats is completed postnatally reaching full maturation at about age of two months.
ABSTRACT
Background: environmental pollutants affect various tissues. Bisphenol A, a compound used in making epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics, induces many hazardous effects
Aim of the work: this work was designed to test the ameliorative potential of selenium against hepatotoxicity caused by bisphenol A
Materials and Methods: male rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 served as control, group 2 given sodium selenite, group 3 was administered with suspension of bisphenol A that is dissolved in corn oil. Rats of group 4 were administered with selenium plus bisphenol A. Liver specimens and blood samples were inspected after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment
Results: there was no statistical difference between control and selenium -administered rats in all parameters. Rats treated with bisphenol A suffered significant depression in weight whereas selenium administration decreased the effect on rat's weight. Bisphenol A administration induced blood vessels congestion, inflammatory infiltration, bile duct proliferation, cytoplasmic vacuolization and macrosteatosis while selenium administration improved liver histopathological criteria either after 3 or 6 weeks. Bisphenol A treatment elevated nuclear PCNA and caspase-3 expression in the cytoplasm and liver function enzymes [serum AST and ALT] and bilirubin. Again, selenium ameliorated these changes. In conclusion, bisphenol A exerted deleterious impact on rats' hepatocytes and serum biochemical parameters in a time-dependent manner. Selenium supplementation provides an extent of amelioration against bisphenol A- induced hepatotocixity
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Benzhydryl Compounds , Phenols , Liver/drug effects , Rats , ImmunohistochemistryABSTRACT
Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases affecting many organs in the body. However, studies concerning its effect on the zona glomenilosa are limited. This work is concerned with studying the histological effects of streptozotocin [STZ]-induced diabetes on the zona glomenilosa of the adrenal gland of adult male albino rats Thirty healthy adult male albino rats were utilized, divided into two groups; Group A: Control and Group B: Experimental group. Rats of experimental group treated with five intra-peritoneal injections of [STZ] with 7-day intervals. The first three doses were 75 mg/kg and the remaining two doses were 150 mg/kg body weight. The control group received only 0.1 ml of 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.4, by the intra-peritoneal route, Thirty days after the detection of the diabetic status, the animals of the two groups were anaesthetized with ether inhalation and the suprarenal glands were removed and processed for light and electron microscopy examination. Plasma level of aldosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay. At light microscopic level, the zona glomerulosa cells of the STZ-induced diabetic rats showed apparent increase in the cytoplasmic vacuolation and pyknotic nuclei. Electron microscopic study of the cells in the previous group revealed degenerative changes in the form of an apparent increase in the number of lipid droplets associated with mitochondrial degeneration. Plasma aldosterone decreased in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The results of this work suggested that streptozotocin induced diabetes changed the ultrastructures of the zona glomerulosa cells which may consequently lead to disturbance of their functions