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Background: Dental caries is an irreversible disease, with a likelihood of new lesions that continue to affect humanity Dental caries or tooth decay is an acquired chronic infective disease process caused by the acidic by-products of bacteria inhabiting organized dental plaque or oral bio-film that, if left undisturbed, can dissolve or demineralise the enamel surfaces of the teeth. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the oral health status of school children visiting Department of Pedodontics in Government Dental College, Srinagar. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study involving 543 schoolchildren attending Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College, Srinagar was conducted in 2015. Oral examination was performed in 543 children to check decayed, missing and filled teeth (deft/DMFT) index and simplified oral hygiene (OHI-S) score. Data were collected via clinical examination. Results: Mean caries experience in deciduous dentition was 3.52 ±4.63. Males presented a higher caries prevalence of 1.59 ±2.05 than the female counter parts who had 1.1±1.17 (p <0.001) which was lower than the caries experience seen in males of the similar age group. Mean defs of the male Behal R, Lone N, Shah AF, Yousuf A, Jan SM. Oral health status of 6-12 year old children attending a Government Hospital in Kashmir. IAIM, 2016; 3(3): 139-146. Page 140 subjects of age 6 was 4.09±5.32 which was much higher than females in similar age group (p <0.001). It was also observed that there was a statistically significant difference in the decayed component of the primary dentition in males and females. (p <0.005) Conclusion: Caries experience was significantly higher in male students as compared to their female counterparts.
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Background: Nowadays, electronic mass media such as television influence the behavioral patterns of their audiences, mainly children. The study aimed to investigate the extent of effectiveness of health education intervention among 7-14 year old children and their parents regarding the food advertising to children on Indian television Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 140 children between 7-14 years and their parents attending Department of Pedodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Srinagar. Data was collected by administering a pretested and a validated questionnaire among children and their parents. Oral health education intervention in the form of counselling by power point presentations was provided and pictorial self explanatory pamphlets were distributed among the participants. They were recalled after 3 weeks and the same questionnaire was administered again to evaluate the effect of oral health education intervention. Sidiq M, Lone N, Yousuf A, Shah AF. Change in perception regarding food advertisements on Indian television following an oral health education intervention program in 7-14 year old Kashmiri children and their parents. IAIM, 2016; 3(6): 199- 206. Page 200 Results: After oral health education intervention regarding the Food Advertising to children and their parents on Indian television, there was a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the attitudes and practices which were detrimental to oral health. Conclusion: Children are exposed to TV advertisements which affect children’s food preferences resulting in consumption of unhealthy foods that are detrimental to the oral health. Oral Health education intervention to parents is necessary for selecting healthy foods.
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The present study was aimed to compare non-surgical treatment (scaling and root planing) with surgical (Modified Widman Flap procedure) treatment for chronic periodontitis. Modified Widman Flap procedure was chosen in our study because it results in removal of pocket epithelium to allow direct approximation of connective tissue with the tooth surface, less mechanical trauma than closed curettage, minimal bone removal, maximal conservation of periodontal tissue, facilitation of oral hygiene, and less root exposure with less sensitivity. The study was performed for a six month period .At initial examination, oral prophylaxis was performed and meticulous oral hygiene instructions were given. The patients were recalled after 21 days. At baseline, 15 subjects were selected with 5-7 mm periodontal pocket in at least 2 quadrants of the mouth. It was a split mouth design, with one quadrant of mouth as Control Group and another quadrant as Test Group. In the Control group, Scaling and Kirmani M, Saima S, Behal R, Jan SM, Yousuf A, Shah AF. Comparing the efficacy of scaling with root planing and modified widman flap in patients with chronic periodontitis. IAIM, 2016; 3(4): 168-174. Page 169 root planning was carried out and in test group modified widman flap procedure was carried out. Sutures were removed after 1 week. Oral hygiene instructions and professional tooth cleaning were repeated once every 2 weeks during study period for both selected quadrants. The clinical assessment was carried out from baseline to 3 months and 6 months to evaluate the respective treatments and to compare between Non surgical mechanical treatment (control group) and surgical treatment (test group).This study demonstrated that both surgical and nonsurgical methods of treatment are effective in eliminating gingivitis and reducing probing depths provided the subgingival plaque is eliminated and reinfection prevented following active therapy. The investigation demonstrated that active therapy including meticulous subgingival debridement resulted in low frequency of gingival sites which showed bleeding on probing, a high frequency of sites with shallow pockets 4 mm and disappearance of pockets with probing depth of > 6 mm.
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Oral submucous fibrosis [OSMF] is a debilitating precancerous condition of oral mucosa characterized by the fibrosis of oral mucosa, burning sensation in mouth, intolerance to spicy food and progression of the disease leading to limitation of mouth opening. Habit of chewing areca nut in various commercially available forms is the main etiological factor for oral submucous fibrosis
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of oral submucous fibrosis [OSMF] in patients who came for their dental check-up in Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi. A descriptive cross sectional survey was conducted on 300 patients from 25th April till 25th march 2015.A simple data collection form was used. Patients presented with the sign and symptoms of oral submucous fibrosis were included in the study.Out of 300 patients 22 were identified with the condition of OSMF and among them habit of chewing areca nut in the form ofgutka was found most common
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Precancerous ConditionsABSTRACT
The study was done to determine the frequency of patients seen at Altamash Institute from 1st till 31 March 2015. A descriptive cross sectional survery was conducted on 50 patients [Male and Female] who came in for a dental check-up. Permission was obtained from ethical committee as well as from patients/their attendants. A questionnaire was used for this survey for each patient. Out of the 50 patients involved in this study, 5 patients were found with a mucocele in the oral cavity. Among various causative factors trauma was found to be the major cause. Mucocele developed mostly in the lower lip mainly due to severe lip biting. Other areas such as buccal mucosa and the palate were significantly rare sites
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the contents of caffeine and total polyphenol in six brands of market tea cultivated and processed in Bangladesh. Methods: Caffeine and polyphenol contents were determined by solvent extraction (AACC) and the International Organisation for Standardisation Method (ISO) 14502-1 respectively. Results: Caffeine contents of the different tea samples ranged between 0.99 ± 0.17% to 2.08 ± 0.16% (g/100g materials), while that of total polyphenol was from 36.90 ± 1.39% to 17.29 ± 2.30% of gallic acid equivalents (GAE). The order of caffeine concentration in tea samples was found as follows: Organic Black Tea > Taaza Tea > Organic Green Tea > Magnolia Tea > Organic Zinger Tea > Organic Tulsi Tea. The polyphenol concentration in the tea samples was highest in Organic Green Tea followed by Taaza Tea and the rest as follows: Magnolia Tea > Organic Black Tea > Organic Zinger Tea > Organic Tulsi Tea. An indicative difference in amounts of caffeine and polyphenols for different tea brand samples is seen in this study. Conclusion: This systematic screening provides information to producers as well as consumers on the quantities of caffeine and polyphenols in commercial tea available in the markets of Bangladesh.
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The objective of the study was to study the microflora and the antibiograms of patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) in Kashmir,in order to provide a guidelines for making a protocol for empirical antibiotic therapy. Study design:Prospective study Material and methods: This study was conducted on OPD basis in Department of Ear, Nose and Throat and HNS Government medical college Srinagar kashmir from july 2010 to june 1011 and one hundred twenty five(125) patients with unilateral or bilateral active chronic suppurative otitis media were prospectively studied.They had chronic ear discharge and had not received antibiotics for the previous five days. Swabs were taken from discharging ear's and sent to microbiological section of hospital were culture for bacteria was done Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done with standard antibiotic discs using Kirby-bauer disk diffusion method.4 Results:From the Clinical specimens off the 125 patients microbiological culture was positive in 110 specimens. The most common causal organisms isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (48%) including 8% of methcillin resistant staph aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16%) followed by coagulase negative.Antibiotic sensitivities of staph aureus (other than MRSA) showed that 72% isolates were sensitivity to gentamicin,55% to ciprofloxacin followed by 36% to cephalosporins(cetazidime,ceftriaxone).For pseudomonas aeruginosa 72% isolates were sensitive to piperacillin/tazobactum 48% to ciprofloxacin and 32% to ceftazidime/ceftriaxone. Of the three antibiotics commonly available as topical eardrops,ciprofloxacin and gentamicin has the highest susceptibility rate.
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Calcifying fibrous pseudotumor is a recently described rare entity. It is considered as sclerosing end stage of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. An association with hyaline vascular type Castleman's disease has also been described. We report a case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with pain in epigastrium. Computed tomography scan of abdomen revealed a circumscribed mass arising from the gastric wall along the greater curvature. Histology revealed a tumor composed of spindle cells present within the dense hyalinized collagenous tissue. Lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate was seen along with lymphoid follicles, dystrophic and ossifying calcification. Tumor cells were focally positive for alpha smooth muscle actin and negative for anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Radiography, Thoracic/statistics & numerical data , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Cough , FeverABSTRACT
A middle-aged lady presented with pain, tenderness and swelling in the left hypochondrium since one month. She had a history of contact with dogs and grazing animals. Sonography and computed tomography showed the pathognomonic signs of hydatid disease. The patient refused surgical treatment. She was discharged on Albendazole therapy and did not return for a follow up
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The following case report describes an incidental finding of a pericardial hydatid cyst in a patient who was hospitalised for amoebic liver disease. Although serology was negative for echinococcus, in an endemic area possibility of pericardial hydatid should be considered in differential diagnosis. Considering the potential danger of rupture, with its disastrous consequences, surgery was performed and the cyst successfully enucleated. It is emphasised that multimodality imaging plays an important role in dealing with an asymptomatic but potentially serious lesion when laboratory findings are not helpful
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Echinococcosis/diagnostic imaging , Mediastinal Cyst/diagnosis , Radiography, Thoracic , Thorax/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
To assess the lack of visibility of vascular markings under the hemidiaphragm on a frontal chest radiograph as a sign of pleural effusion, fifteen patients were collected showing this sign. Pleural effusion was diagnosed by ultrasound, comparison with previous or subsequent chest x-ray or computed tomography. Patients in the study group exhibited this sign in the absence of the classical signs of pleural effusion. In the control group, lack of visibility of blood vessels was observed in only 4.2% cases. Non-visualization of vascular markings below the hemidiaphragm should alert the interpreter to the possible presence of pleural effusion and a lateral or decubitus view or ultrasound examination may be carried out to rule out effusion
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pleural Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Thoracic , Pleural Effusion/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography/methodsABSTRACT
A case of retained cardiac missile is reported. Bullet entered the pericardial cavity from below after passing through diaphragm. A small perforation also occurred in the ventricular wall, which was successfully repaired, however bullet could not be retrieved. Patient is well two years after surgery
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Firearms , Heart Injuries/surgery , Laparotomy/methods , Myocardial Ischemia/surgeryABSTRACT
This is a retrospective study of all cardiac pregnant women who delivered from 1st January 1986 to 31st December 1993 in Government Maternity Hospitals and Units in Bahrain. The prevalence of heart disease in this series is 0.69% with a trend towards increase in the incidence. The cardiac related maternal mortality was one per 80988 deliveries and perinatal mortality was less than the national average 18/1000 for this period. The leading cause of heart diseases in pregnancy is rheumatic heart disease 51.07% followed by congenital heart 20.35% arrhythmias 6.2%, and mitral valve prolapse 9.46% and ischaemic heart disease 4.6%. Other causes such an inflammatory, hypertensive, thyroid and auto-immune factors are only occasionally diagnosed in 5.1% of cardiac women