Research progress on microRNA associated with chemoresistance of NHL / 中国实验血液学杂志

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a malignant tumor originated in lymphatic hematopoietic tissue. At present, chemotherapy is the main treatment method of NHL, but the chemoresistance is still an important reason for NHL treatment failure. The mechanism of NHL multidrug resistance (MDR) is complex, involving a variety of singnal pathways, in which mutation in the genetic level of the key genes can result in tumor cell resistance phenomenon. MicroRNA are small non-coding RNA that can be widely detected in plants,animal species and viruses. They regulate protein expression by repressing translation mRNA target at the post-transcriptional level, participating in the differentiation and development of tumor cells, as well as the occurrence and development of tumor, the change of the expression level microRNA plays an important role in the genesis and chemoresistance mechanism of NHL. Therefore, the intervening factitiously the expression level of microRNA in NHL through manufacturing antisense oligonucleotide (AMO) or using substitution of microRNA, changing the expression level of their target protein, and combining with the therapy of NHL, there will be an guiding significance in reversing the drug and radiation resistance of NHL, thus improving its poor prognosis. This article reviews the microRNAs closely related with drug and radiation resistance of NHL, and their potential targets. Furthermore, the specific role of these microRNAs in the genesis and chemoresistance mechanism of NHL are deeply elaborated.

Treatment of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease with rituximab / 中国实验血液学杂志

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is one of the main complications after stem cell transplantation and is often induced by EBV. The optimal treatment of PTLD includes reduction of immunosuppressant dose, transplant organ resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and so on. Recently, a new therapeutic approach was developed in PTLD: the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody or rituximab. In this review, the application of rituximab in treatment of PTLD is summarized, including risk factors and mechanism of PTLD, therapeutic strategy, application of rituximab in PTLD and so on.

The study of IL-18 and IL-18BP balance in aplastic anemia / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of IL-18 and IL-18BP balance in aplastic anemia (AA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 29 AA patients and 22 controls were recruited in present research. The expressions of IL-18 and IL-18BP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expressions of IL-18 and IL-18BP were measured in all subjects using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The levels of the IL-18 in plasma of AA and normals were (365.5 ± 160.6) pg/ml and (175.9 ± 92.8) pg/ml (P < 0.01); and the expression of IL-18 in severe AA patients (441.3 ± 116.9) pg/ml were higher than that in non-severe AA patients (326.4 ± 167.0) pg/ml (P < 0.05). The level of IL-18BP was increased in plasma of AA (1788.6 ± 523.8) pg/ml than in normals (1083.6 ± 489.6) pg/ml (P < 0.05). But the ratio of IL-18/IL-18BP in AA patients was much higher than that in controls (P < 0.05). RT-PCR revealed the levels of IL-18 and IL-18BP mRNA were up-regulated in AA patients when compared to controls, but the ratio of IL-18/IL-18BP was significantly elevated in AA patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>IL-18/IL-18BP imbalance may play an important role in pathogenesis of AA and regulating the balance of IL-18 and IL-18BP may be a therapeutic approach to AA.</p>

Secretion of IL-18 and IL-18 binding protein from splenocytes of ITP patients in vitro / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the expression and clinical significance of IL-18, IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), IFN-γ and IL-4 secreted from splenocytes of patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in vitro. Spleen mononuclear cells (MNC) were prepared by using routine sterile method, and were cultured in RPMI 1640 complete medium containing 10 µg/ml PHA, 10% fetal calf serum at 37°C and 5% CO2. The levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-18 and IL-18BP secreted from MNC of ITP patients and normal controls were determined after culture for 48 hours. The results showed that after culture of spleen MNC for 48 hours, the levels of IL-18 and IFN-γ were significantly higher in patients with ITP than that in controls, but the levels of IL-18BP was not significantly elevated in ITP patients. The level of IL-4 was below the detectable limit of the assay used. It is concluded that imbalance between IL-18 and IL-18BP may play an important role in pathogenesis of ITP, and regulation of balance between IL-18 and IL-18BP may be a therapeutic approach against ITP.