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Aim To investigate the effects of astragalus polysaccharides on the improvement of liver and kidney injury and the regulation of intestinal flora structure in cadmium exposed rats. Methods Rats exposed to cadmium were established by intraperitoneal injection of CdCl2. After continuous intragastric administration of astragalus polysaccharides for five weeks, urine, liver, kidney and feces were collected. The cadmium residues in urine, liver and kidney were detected by Graphite Furnace Atomic absorption spectrometry, the pathological changes of liver and kidney were observed by HE staining, and Illumina PE250 sequencing and bioinformatics software were used to analyze the structure of intestinal flora. Results After intraperitoneal injection of CdCl2, the accumulation of cadmium in urine, liver and kidney increased significantly, some liver and kidney cells showed pathological damage such as swelling, necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. Chao, ace and shannon indexes decreased significantly, while simpson index increased significantly. The number of OTU decreased. And the abundance of Ruminococcus, Bacteroides, Flavonifractor, Roseburia and Elusmicrobium decreased significantly, but Lactobacillus, that of Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Parasutterella, Clostridium XlVb, Clostridium XI, Integinimonas and Fusobacterium increased significantly. Compared with the normal control group, the differences was statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01). After intragastric administration of astragalus polysaccharides, cadmium accumulation in urine, liver and kidney decreased significantly, liver and kidney cell damage alleviated, and inflammatory cell infiltration reduced. Chao, ace and shannon index increased markedly, and simpson index decreased significantly. OTU number increased. And the bundance of Prevotella, Bacteroides, Parasutterella, Elismicrobium and Barnesiella raised significantly, that of Ruminococcus, Oscillibacter, Flavonifractor, Clostridium XlVa, Roseburia, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus2, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Clostridium IV, Clostridium XlVb, Clostridium XI and integinimonas decreased significantly, which was statistically significant compared with the group exposed to cadmium alone(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions Astragalus polysaccharides may improve liver and kidney injury by reducing cadmium accumulation and regulating the structure of intestinal flora in cadmium exposed rats.
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AIM:To investigate the relationship between Sonic Hedgehog(Shh)signaling pathway and cell cycle and radioresistance of esophageal cancer by up-regulating Gli1,a key factor in Shh signaling pathway.METHODS:The human esophageal cancer cell line Eca 109 was transfected with plasmid to induce Gli 1 over-expression,which served as Eca109-ox-Gli1 group.In addition, Eca109 cells transfected with empty plasmid served as negative control group and the untreated Eca109 cells were used as normal control group.The expression of Gli1 was confirmed by real-time PCR and Western blot.The radiosensitivity of the cells in the 3 groups was determined by colony formation assay.The effect of irra-diation on the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:The expression of Gli1 in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group was higher than that in the other 2 groups(P<0.05).The survival fraction at dose of 2 Gy in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group was high-er than that in normal control group, indicating that the radioresistance of the Eca 109 cells transfected with Gli1 plasmid was increased.The cells in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group showed higher S phase proportion than that in normal control group and negative control group(P<0.01).After irradiation at dose of 6 Gy,all cells in the 3 groups found that the cell cycle was arrested at G2/M phase,while the cells in normal control group showed higher G 2/M phase proportion than that in Eca109-ox-Gli1 group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The up-regulation of Gli1 may enhance the radioresistance of esophageal cancer by regulating the cell cycle.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To control the seed quality market, a study on the seed determination practice in Polygala tenuifolia was carried out.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>By studying the thousand grain weight moisture content, viability, genuineness, purity and germination percentage, some indices of seeds were fixed to the standards. The seed determination practice in P. tenuifolia was established.</p><p><b>RESULT AND CONCLUSION</b>The practice could be utilized to control the seed quality of P. tenuifolia.</p>
Subject(s)
Germination , Organ Size , Plants, Medicinal , Chemistry , Polygala , Chemistry , Quality Control , Seedlings , SeedsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of two core binding factors alpha 1 (Cbfa1) isfroms (Cbfa1/P56 and Cbfa1/P57) on the apoptosis of mesenchymal cell line MBA-1.@*METHODS@#The two Cbfal isfroms were transiently transfected into MBA-1 cells, then the changes of apoptosis rate were observed by flow cytometer. The protein expressions of Cbfa1, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9, cytochrome-C and TNF-alpha were determined by Western immunoblot.@*RESULTS@#After the transient transfection with the two isforms of Cbfa1, MBA-1, the cells apoptotic rates increased, and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, the expressions of cytochrome-C, caspase-3, caspase-9, and TNF-alpha were significantly increased.@*CONCLUSION@#Cbfa1 can promote the apoptosis in mesenchymal cell line MBA-1. Bax/Bcl-2, cytochrome-C, caspase-9, caspase-3, and TNF-alpha are also involved in the apoptosis pathway.