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Objective To explore the effect of air pollution on the number of emergency room visits for respiratory diseases in residents at different ages and its seasonal changes in Lanzhou,so as to provide a scientific basis for the early prevention of respiratory diseases in Lanzhou. Methods The daily number of emergency room visits for respiratory diseases in three class A hospitals in Lanzhou from January 1,2013 to December 31,2017,as well as the air pollutants and meteorological data of Lanzhou in the same period,was collected.After controlling the confounding factors including long-term trend of time,meteorological factors and day-of-week effect using a generalized additive model,we analyzed the relationships between air pollutants and the daily number of emergency room visits for respiratory diseases,and explored whether there was a lag effect of air pollutants.Results From 2013 to 2017,the emergency room visits for respiratory diseases in Lanzhou had a total number of 124 871,with an average of 69(1-367)visits per day.The single pollutant model showed that among the six conventional air pollutants monitored in Lanzhou,PM
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Air Pollutants/analysis , Air Pollution/adverse effects , China/epidemiology , Emergency Service, Hospital , SeasonsABSTRACT
@#AIM: To investigate the clinical effectiveness of conbercept intravitreal injection combined with panretinal photocoagulation for ischemic central retinal vein occlusion.<p>METHODS: A retrospective study has been conducted on 80 patients(80 eyes)of ischemic central retinal vein occlusion diagnosed and treated at Dalian No.3 People's Hospital from January 2017 to January 2019. These 80 patients have been divided into two groups based on treatment methods. In Group A, 40 patients(40 eyes)were given 3+PRN intravitreal injection of conbercept combined with panretinal photocoagulation. In Group B, 40 patients(40 eyes)accepted the treatment of 3+PRN intravitreal injection with conbercept. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and central macular thickness(CMT)before and after treatment were recorded respectively at 3mo, 6mo and 12mo, and the clinical effectiveness and adverse reactions were observed and documented.<p>RESULTS: After 12mo: In group A, BCVA improved from 1.05±0.58 to 0.41±0.37(<i>P</i><0.01).In group B, BCVA improved from 0.98±0.51 to 0.63±0.53(<i>P</i><0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05). In group A, CMT changed from 592.30±79.75μm to 260.08±86.23μm(<i>P</i><0.01). In group B, CMT changed from 604.98±81.73μm to 406.83±162.97μm(<i>P</i><0.01).CMT was better in Group A than Group B(<i>P</i><0.01). The mean number of injections in group A(3.15±0.43 times)and group B(3.83±1.06 times)was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.01). During follow-up, no adverse events happened in Group A. Two patients were neovascular glaucoma after central retinal vein occlusion in Group B.<p>CONCLUSION:It is safe and effective to use intravitreal injection of conbercept to treat central retinal vein occlusion. Combining intravitreal injection of conbercept with panretinal photocoagulation can significantly improve BCVA, lead to further regression of macular edema and a more stabilized positive effect. It proves to reduce recurrence rate of the central retinal vein occlusion and decrease the chances of any complications.
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@#AIM: To investigate the recovery of binocular vision in patients with intermittent exotropia of different age.<p>METHODS: Totally 172 patients with intermittent exotropia who underwent strabismus correction in our department from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected, including 95 males and 77 females, aged from 3 to 32 years, with an average age of 11.4±1.5 years. All patients with intermittent exotropia were basic type. According to the age of operation, the patients were divided into two groups: the group of less than 9 years old(90 cases)and the group of more than 9 years old(82 cases).The preoperative, 1d, 7d, 1mo and 3mo after operation were observed. The function of binocular vision was examined by synoptophore and myopia was examined by Titmus.<p>RESULTS: A comparison of simultaneous vision: at the same time, the visual function, fusion function, fusion range, far stereo, near stereo recovery effect of patients ≤9 years group was better than that of patients >9 years group. The difference was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION:Suggested surgical treatment of intermittent exotropia before 9 years old. Early operation is conducive to better improvement of binocular vision after surgery.
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Objective To compare the molluscicidal effects and cost-effectiveness of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules (NEG) and 26% suspension concentrate of metalaldehyde and niclosamide ethanolamine salt (MNSC) . Methods Two plots with high Oncomelania hupensis snail density were selected as research areas in Nanjing Chemical Industry Zone, and 5% NEG (40 g/m2) and 26% MNSC (40 g/m2) were used by the spraying method for snail control in the two plots, and their molluscicidal effects and cost-effectiveness were investigated and statistically analyzed. Results There was no significant difference between 5% NEG and 26% MNSC in the molluscicidal effects. The cost of 5% NEG was 1.25 times higher than that of 26% MN-SC per ten thousand square meters in snail control. Conclusions The cost of 5% NEG is higher than that of 26% MNSC per ten thousand square meters in snail control. Their molluscicidal effects are similar.
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@#AIM: To observe binocular vision improvement of different exotropia after marginal myotomy and to discuss the impact of different types of exotropia on the recovery of binocular vision after surgery.<p>METHODS: We selected 59 patients for case study and divided them into three groups by types of exotropia. Intermittent exotropia 27 cases is Group 1; Constant exotropia 21 cases is Group 2; V-pattern exotropia 11 cases is Group 3. We examined their three-degree visual functions <i>via</i> synoptophore preoperative and postoperative respectively. We recorded the examination data and conducted in-depth analysis after 6mo follow-up.<p>RESULTS: Comparison on binocular vision improvement of different types of exotropia. 1)Postoperative level Ⅰ simultaneous perception: at 1 mo postoperative, visual recovery in Group 1(22 cases, 81%)was better than that in Group 2(11 cases, 52%)and Group 3(5 cases, 46%). The difference was statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05); 2)Postoperative level Ⅱ fusion: at 1mo, 3mo and 6mo postoperative, there were significant differences in fusion function among the three groups(<i>P</i><0.05). The recovery of fusion function in Group 1(20 cases, 74%)was better than that in Group 2(9 cases, 43%)and Group 3(4 cases, 36%)at 6mo. The fusion range of Group 1(17.15°±9.19°)was significantly larger than that of Group 2(9.00°±8.64°), and the difference was statistically significant(<i>P</i>=0.004); 3)Postoperative level Ⅲ distance stereoacuity: distance stereoacuity recovery of Group 1(9 cases, 33%)were again proved to be better than others. However, no statistical difference was found in the Ⅲ vision function between three groups(<i>P</i>>0.05); 4)Three-degree visual function had obvious improvement after marginal myotomy. The differences were statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.001). The recovery was stable in 1mo postoperative.<p>CONCLUSION: Marginal myotomy can reduce intraoperative complications and traction of extraocular muscle, and improve surgical safety. There was significant improvement of three-degree visual function after marginal myotomy, and the recovery of binocular vision became stable 1mo postoperative. The binocular vision recovery of the intermittent exotropia patients was supreme to the constant exotropia patients and V-pattern exotropia patients. Constant exotropia and V-pattern exotropia had the same impact on the recovery of binocular vision. Thus, types of exotropia should be considered when deciding surgery timing, in order to achieve more effective recovery and to rebuild binocular vision.
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Objective To compare the molluscicidal effects and cost-effectiveness of 5% niclosamide ethanolamine salt granules (NEG) and 26% suspension concentrate of metalaldehyde and niclosamide ethanolamine salt (MNSC) . Methods Two plots with high Oncomelania hupensis snail density were selected as research areas in Nanjing Chemical Industry Zone, and 5% NEG (40 g/m2) and 26% MNSC (40 g/m2) were used by the spraying method for snail control in the two plots, and their molluscicidal effects and cost-effectiveness were investigated and statistically analyzed. Results There was no significant difference between 5% NEG and 26% MNSC in the molluscicidal effects. The cost of 5% NEG was 1.25 times higher than that of 26% MN-SC per ten thousand square meters in snail control. Conclusions The cost of 5% NEG is higher than that of 26% MNSC per ten thousand square meters in snail control. Their molluscicidal effects are similar.
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AIM: To discuss and evaluate how different types of strabismus impact on the recovery of distance and near stereoacuity after strabismus surgery. METHODS:We selected 72 cases of strabismus who were treated in our hospital. They were divided into four groups: Group 1 as constant non - accommodative esotropia;Group 2 as intermittent exotropia; Group 3 as constant exotropia; Group 4 as exotropia V sign with inferior oblique hyperfunction. The distance stereoacuity were examined by synoptophore and the near stereoacuity was examined by Shaoming Yan's stereogram. Above examination data was collected and recorded before surgery,7d,1,3,and 6mo after surgery. RESULTS: The 72 patients' distance and near stereoacuity were significantly improved after their surgery, compared with their previous binocular vision. The improvement showed statistical significant(P<0.05). The recovery of Group 2's distance and near stereoacuity had been proved superior to that of Group 1, Group 3, and Group 4. The changes in the distance and near stereoacuity of Group 2 were statistically significant (P<0 05). There were no statistically significant changes in the distance and near stereoacuity of Group 1, Group 3, and Group 4 after the surgeries(P>0.05). The damage of distance stereoacuity (0 cases) was more severe than the damage of near stereoacuity (19 cases, 26%). After the surgeries, near stereoacuity's (51 cases, 71%) recovery was significantly superior to the distance stereoacuity's recovery(17 cases,24%). At 1mo after the surgeries,the improvement of distance and near stereoacuity was most obvious. CONCLUSION:Postoperative recovery of distance and near stereoacuity varies as per strabismus type. Intermittent exotropia's patients show the best recovery of distance and near stereoacuity after the surgeries. The clinical results on the recovery of distance and near stereoacuity after surgery for constant non -accommodative esotropia, constant exotropia and exotropia V sign with inferior oblique hyperfunction are consistent. As the distance stereoacuity of the patients with strabismus has more severe damage,the recovery of near stereoacuity is superior to that of distance stereoacuity.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Carboplatin (CBP)-resistant cell line (Tca8113/CBP) and pingyangmycin (PYM)-resistant cell line (Tca8113/PYM) were established in vitro. Ginkgolic acids' influence over multidrug resistance (MDR) of drug-resistant cells was discussed by ginkgolic acids coupled with chemotherapy drugs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) was detected by immunohistochemistry. MTT assay was applied to ascertain the resistance index of drug-resistant cells. The effect of different concentrations of ginkgolic acids on the proliferation of drug-resistant cells and parental cell was measured by MTT assay. Making sure the non-toxic concentration of ginkgolic acids and observing the reversal effect of ginkgolic acids on drug-resistant cells. Resistance index was redetermined by MTT assay after ginkgolic acids coupled with chemotherapy drugs induced the cell lines for some time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunohistochemistry showed that P-gp positive expression rate of drug-resistant cells was significantly higher than parental cells. The non-toxic concentration of ginkgolic acids which was determined by MTT assay was 10 microg x mL(-1). The reversal folds of Tca8113/CBP cell line to CBP and Tca8113/PYM cell line to PYM were 2.94 and 2.43 respectively. Before coupled with ginkgolic acids, the resistance indices of Tca8113/CBP and Tca8113/PYM cell lines were 3.24 and 11.9 respectively. When ginkgolic acids was added with chemotherapy drugs for some time, the resistance indices of Tca8113/CBP and Tca8113/PYM cell lines were 2.18 and 4.43 respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This experiment successfully induced the drug-resistant cell lines of Tca8113/CBP and Tca8113/PYM. The method of chemotherapy drugs coupled with ginkgolic acids further confirmed the effect on proliferation of Tca8113/CBP and Tca8113/PYM cell lines was reducing. Non-toxic concentration of ginkgolic acids can partially reverse the drug resistance of Tca8113/ CBP and Tca8113/PYM cell lines. Furthermore, MDR level of drug-resistant cells decreased somewhat when they were induced by ginkgolic acids coupled with chemotherapy drugs for some time.</p>
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Humans , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 , Antineoplastic Agents , Bleomycin , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Mouth Neoplasms , SalicylatesABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effect of DAPT (gamma-secretase inhibitor) on the growth of human tongue carcinoma cells and to determine the molecular mechanism to enable the potential application of DAPT to the treatment of tongue carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODOLOGY</b>Human tongue carcinoma Tca8113 cells were cultured with DAPT. Cell growth was determined using Indigotic Reduction method. The cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Real-time PCR and Immuno-Fluorescence (IF) were employed to determine the intracellular expression levels.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DAPT inhibited the growth of human tongue carcinoma Tca8113 cells by inducing G0-G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The mRNA levels of Hairy/Enhancer of Split-1 (Hes-1), a target of Notch activation, were reduced by DAPT in a dose-dependent manner. Coincident with this observation, DAPT induced a dose-dependent promotion of constitutive Caspase-3 in Tca8113 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DAPT may have a therapeutic value for human tongue carcinoma. Moreover, the effects of DAPT in tumor inhibition may arise partly via the modulation of Notch-1 and Caspase-3.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases , Antineoplastic Agents , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors , Carcinoma , Pathology , Caspase 3 , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Membrane , Cell Nucleus , Cyclin D1 , Dipeptides , Pharmacology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , G1 Phase , Homeodomain Proteins , Receptor, Notch1 , Repressor Proteins , Resting Phase, Cell Cycle , Tongue Neoplasms , Pathology , Transcription Factor HES-1ABSTRACT
Excessive dexamethasone (Dex) administrated into pregnant mice during critical periods of palatal development can produce a high incidence of cleft palate. Its mechanisms remain unknown. Vitamin B12 has been shown to antagonize the teratogenic effects of Dex, which, however, remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the effects of Dex and vitamin B12 on murine embryonic palatal shelf fusion using organ culture of murine embryonic shelves. The explanted palatal shelves on embryonic day 14 (E14) were cultured for 24, 48, 72 or 96 h in different concentrations of Dex and/or vitamin B12. The palatal shelves were examined histologically for the morphological alterations on the medial edge epithelium (MEE) and fusion rates among different groups. It was found that the palatal shelves were not fused at 72 h or less of culture in Dex group, while they were completely fused in the control and vitamin B12-treated groups at 72 and 96 h, respectively. The MEE still existed and proliferated. In Dex+vitamin B12 group the palatal shelves were fused at each time point in a similar rate to controls. These results may suggest that Dex causes teratogenesis of murine embryonic palatal shelves and vitamin B12 prevents the teratogenic effect of Dex on palatogenesis on murine embryos in vitro.