ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the association of genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) with cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and carcinoma in situ of cervix. Methods A total of 464 patients with cervical biology admitted to Hefei women and child health care hospital from October, 2014 to October, 2015 were selected. Among them, there were 242 cases of cervicitis, 222 cases of CIN (76 of group Ⅰ, 71 of group Ⅱ, and 66 of group Ⅲ), and 9 cases of cervical cancer. Hybrid chip technology was used to detect cervical secretions of patients, and 21 kinds of HPV DNA were typed according to histopathological biopsy. Results The HPV infection was found in 464 patients with cervical lesions. Among them, 354 cases (76.3%) had HPV infection with 232 cases (65.5%) of single HPV infection and 122 cases (34.5%) of multiple infections included. The rate of HPV infection was 64.9% in the group of cervicitis, while the rate was 86.8% in group I of CIN and in group II of CIN, the rate of HPV infection was 87.3%. Surprisingly, the HPV infection rate in group III of CIN was as high as 90.9%. The infection rate of HPV in the patients with CIN was significantly higher than those with cervicitis (P<0.001). All patients with cervical cancer were infected with HPV. Conclusions Persistent infection of high-risk HPV subtypes increases the hazard of cervical tumor and CIN. Therefore, genotyping of HPV DNA is helpful for screening and prediction of cervical cancer.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To organize the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) related to acupuncture included in the National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC) to systematically summarize the diseases and disorders most commonly treated with acupuncture, the strength of recommendations for acupuncture and the quality of evidence.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The NGC database was systematically searched for guidelines that included acupuncture as an intervention. Two independent reviewers studied the summaries and the full texts of the guidelines and included guidelines based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-nine guidelines were collected with 80 recommendations. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument was used to assess the quality of these guidelines.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 80 recommendations on acupuncture, 49 recommendations were clearly for acupuncture, 25 recommendations were against acupuncture and 6 recommendations did not indicate any clear recommendations, 37 recommendations were for painful diseases/disorders, and 12 recommendations were for non-painful diseases/disorders. Locomotor system disorders were the most common in the painful diseases/disorders category. Out of all the recommendations for acupuncture, most recommendations (87.76%) were weak in strength, and most of the evidence (40.84%) was of low quality.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In the National Guideline Clearinghouse, the recommendations for acupuncture focus on painful diseases/disorders. The recommendations in the guidelines are not high in strength, and most of the evidence is moderate or low in quality.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the possible mechanism of total flavonoids of Litsea coreana (TFLC) on reducing blood glucose level in rat with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male SD rats of T2DM allocated in two groups were treated with 400 mg/kg TFLC or metformin respectively via gastrogavage for 6 weeks. Blood routine biochemical indices in rats were measured; pathology of rats' liver was examined with HE stain under transmission electron microscopy; levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver homogenate were determined, and the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in liver was detected using RT-PCR at the terminal of the experiment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Biochemical measuring showed that the glucose tolerance of rats after treatment was markedly improved in both groups. Meantime, levels of fast blood glucose (FBG), glycohemoglobin (HbA1c), fast blood insulin (FINS), free fatty acid (FFA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as MDA level in liver were decreased, while levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) in blood and SOD in liver were significantly increased in both groups after treatment, showing insignificant difference between two treatment groups. Light microscopic examination showed markedly fatty degeneration of liver, and electron microscopic examination found mitochondria swelling and endoplasmic reticulum breakage in liver of T2DM rats, but these changes were ameliorated to some extent after treatment. The elevated PTP1B expression in liver of T2DM rats was decreased in the TFLC treated group, but unchanged in the metformin treated group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TFLC can significantly decrease the blood levels of glucose and lipid and ameliorate oxidation stress in liver; its mechanism of action in improving insulin resistance might be related with its suppression on PTP1B expression in rat's liver to enhance the insulin signaling pathway.</p>