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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis(DIAIH), in order to help clinicians learn more about DIAIH and improve its clinical diagnosis. METHODS: This was a retrospective study in the patients with DIAIH and DILI treated at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2013 and December 2017. The population characteristic,related drugs,clinical manifestations,liver biochemical parameters, autoimmune antibodies, and liver pathological features were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There were 49 patiens with DIAIH and 436 patiens with DILI. The majority of these patients were female. There was a significant difference in the proportion of female patients, with DIAIH(91.84%, 45/49)higher than DILI(70.41%, 307/436)(χ~2=9.111, P=0.003). The patients with DIAIH had a mean age of(50.0±7.4) years. The top three drugs inducing DIAIH were Chinese herbal medicines(53.06%, 26/49), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(10.20%, 5/49) and fluvastatin(10.20%, 5/49). DIAIH occurred after more than 8 weeks of treatment. There was a significant difference in the proportion of liver failure, with DIAIH(30.61%, 15/49) higher than DILI(14.68%, 64/436)(χ~2=8.20, P=0.004). The risks of DIAIH and DILI with liver failure caused by western medicines were significantly higher than those by Chinese herbal medicines(χ~2=9.77, P=0.002; χ~2=16.09,P<0.001). The positive rate of autoimmune antibody in DIAIH patients was 100%. The positive rate of ANA was 83.67%(41/49), and that of SMA was 16.33%(8/49). The liver pathological features of interface hepatitis, plasma cells and lymphocytes infiltration in DIAIH patients were more obvious than those in DILI patients. CONCLUSION: DIAIH is more common in the female patients and is caused frequently by Chinese herbal medicines. DIAIH caused by western medicines could easily result in liver failure.
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Objective To investigate the expression and significance of monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (MOGAT2) in the tissues of pterygium.Methods Immunohistochemistry staining methods were adopted to detect the expression of MOGAT2 in 54 patients of pterygia (primary in 50 patients and recurrence in 4 patients)and 18 patients of normal conjunctival tissues.The semi-quantitative integration method was used to analyze the strength of immunohistochemical expression,and the results were compared and statistically analyzed,and the relationship between the expression of MOGAT2 in the pterygium group and the factors such as age,sex,and clinical pathological stage was analyzed.Results Immunohistochemical staining showed that,in 54 patients of pterygium,MOGAT2 was strongly expressed in 8 patients,positive expression in 29,weakly positive expression in 8 and negative expression in 9,while in 18 normal conjunctival tissues,strongly positive expression of MOGAT2 was found 1 patient,positive expression in 6,weakly positive expression in 3,negative expression in 8,respectively.Rank-sum test showed that the difference in MOGAT2 expression in the pterygium and normal conjunctiva tissues was statistically significant(Z =-2.403,P =0.016).There was no significant difference in the expression of MOGAT2 between the different age and the sex patients with pterygium (all P ＞ 0.05),and there was no significant correlation of MOGAT2 expression with education,occupation,income,protection in outdoor work,smoking,drinking,blood sugar,blood pressure,primary and recurrence pterygium,but significant correlation with the clinical stage of pterygium,that is,MOGAT2 expression in advanced pterygium was overexpressed when compared with tumor tissues in quiescent stage (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion MOGAT2 is highly expressed in pterygium tissues,and the expression in advanced pterygium was significantly upregulated,of which is related to the formation and development of pterygium.
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·AIM: To investigate the effect of myocilin on the expression of fibronectin (FN) and the adhesion function in trabecular meshwork cells of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in vitro. ·METHODS: The concentration of recombinant myocilin protein was 0 (control group), 0. 5, 1, 1. 5, 2 and 2.5μ g/mL, respectively. The expression of FN in the cells and the cell culture medium were detected by Western blot and ELISA. The effect of myocilin protein on the adhesion of cultured POAG trabecular meshwork cells was detected by CCK-8 method. ·RESULTS: Western blot showed that the ratio of FN/β-actin was 34.8±0.6,33.4±1.0,28.9±0.8,21.6±0.9,15.9± 1.1 and 11. 9 ± 0. 8; that of 0. 5μ g/mL group was not significantly different compared with that of control group (P=0.092);that of 1.0,1.5,2 and 2.5μ g/mL group were significantly different compared with that of the control group (F=346.131, P<0.05). The concentration of FN in the cell culture medium was 0. 4654 ± 0. 0039, 0. 4596 ± 0.0032, 0.4216± 0.0037, 0.4214 ± 0.0039, 0.4043 ± 0.0039, 0.3806±0.0071μ g/mL by ELISA;difference between that of 0.5μ g/mL group and that of control group was not statistically significant (P=0.120);the difference between of 1,1.5,2,2.5μ g/mL group and the control group were statistically significant (F=176.054, P<0.05). The mean values of the absorbance values of each group were 1.9814 ± 0.1624, 1.8848 ± 0.0267, 1.4895 ± 0.0916, 1.4120 ± 0.1087,1.3392 ± 0.1391, 1.0310 ± 0.0639 through CCK-8 method; that of 0. 5μ g/mL group was not significantly different compared with that of control group(P=0.300);the difference between of 1,1.5,2,2.5μ g/mL group and the control group were statistically significant (F =177.818,P<0.05). · CONCLUSION: Myocilin protein can inhibit the fibronectin expression in POAG trabecular meshwork cells, showing a dose dependent manner. Myocilin protein can reduce the adhesion of POAG trabecular meshwork cells.
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BackgroundResearches demonstrated that the levels of soluble CD44 (sCD44)molecule in aqueous is significantly higher in primary open-angle glaucomous(POAG) eye than normal eye,but how the sCD44 would affect the expression of apoptosis protein in trabecular meshwork cells is below understanding.Objective The present study was to investigate the effect of sCD44 on the expression of regulatory proteins bcl-2 associated death factor bad in trabecular meshwork cells in the patients with POAG.MethodsHuman scleral tissue with trabecular meshwork were obtained from POAG patients during the surgery.The trabecular meshwork cells were primarily cultured by explant culture method and identified by immunochemistry.The third generation of cells were incubated with free-serum DMEM/F12 medium added differnt dosages of sCD44 (0,1,5,10,25,50 mg/L) for 48 hours.The expression of bad protein in cultured cells was detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) as the absorbance values at 490 nm(A,90 value),and the bad protein level in cultured cells was assayed by ELISA.ResultsThe cultured cells showed the positive response for laminin ( LM ),neuron specific enolase ( NSE ),fibronectin ( FN ) monoclonal antibodies.The CCK-8 assay showed that the A490 values of the trabecular meshwork cells in 0,1,5,10,25,50 μg/L of sCD44 groups were 0.2460±0.0019,0.1874±0.0015,0.1570±0.0016,0.1302±0.0019,0.1084±0.0018,0.0940±0.0020 respectively with a statistically significant difference among the 6 groups( F =14.922,P =0.000 ),and the A490 values in various dosages of sCD44 groups were significantly lower than the 0 μg/L sCD44 group (P=0.013,0.008,0.011,0.005,0.004).The ELISA assay showed that bad protein levels in 0,1,5,10,25,50 μg/L of sCD44 groups were ( 114.8461 ± 2.9560 ),( 137.8270 ± 2.4259 ),( 161.4194 ± 3.7381 ),( 170.9453 ± 3.2006 ),( 221.2252 ±4.3738 ),( 324.6167±4.4220) ng/L,showing a total difference among them ( F =16.610,P =0.000 ),and the bad protein levels in various dosages of sCD44 groups were significantly lower than the 0 μg/L sCD44 group( P =0.017,0.013,0.008,0.007,0.006).ConclusionssCD44 can contribute to the apoptosis of the trabecular meshwork cells in patients with POAG in certain dose range by regulating the apoptosis regulatory proteins bcl-2 associated death factor bad.
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Background Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a major blindness-causing disease,characterized by elevated intraocular pressure due to an insufficient outflow of aqueous humor. The trabecular meshwork lining the aqueous outflow pathway modulates the aqueous outflow facility. To study the biological characteristics of the trabecular meshwork cells has important significance. Objective This study was to culture the trabecular cells from primary open-angle glaucomatous eye (POAG) and study the biologic characteristics of passaged cells. Methods The deep scleral tissue with trabecular meshwork was obtained during the trabeculectomy from 8 eyes with POAG. The trabecular cells were primarily cultured and passaged in vitro. The generation 3 cells were identified by immunochemistry with the laminin (LM), fibronectin (FN) and neuron specific endolase (NSE)monoclonal antibodies. The ultrastructure was examined to observe the biological characteristics of the cells under the transmission electronic microscope. The experimental results were compared among POAG group, normal control group and blank control group. Results The primarily cultured POAG trabecular cells migrated from the edge of tissue mass about 10 days. The cells of generation 3 presented the logarithmic phase in the first 4 days and fused in the 7th day. FN,LM and NSE were positively expressed in the generated cells in POAG group and normal control group rather than blank control group. The MOD values of the generation 3 cells for FN in POAG group and normal control group were 0. 35 ± 0.06 and 0. 26 ± 0. 01, and those for LM were 0. 34 ± 0. 03 and 0. 25 ± 0. 02 respectively, showing statistically significant difference between these two groups ( FN: t = 14. 446, P＜0.001; LM: t = 9. 346, P＜0. 001 ). The microvilli, cytolysosome and phagocytic vesicle were obviously decreased in the trabcular cells of POAG group compared with normal control group under the transmission electron microscope. Conclusion The trabecular meshwork cells from POAG can be successfully cultured and passaged in vitro. It provides a cytology basis for further glaucoma research.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic characteristics, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of superficial acral fibromyxoma (SAF).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical, pathologic and immunohistochemical features of a case of SAF occurring in left middle finger was studied, with review of literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patient was a 62-year-old male who presented with a solitary painful nodule located in the distal aspect of his left middle finger. The nodule lied close to the nail bed and deep to the underlying periosteum. Grossly, the tumor was poorly circumscribed, measured 2 cm in greatest dimension and had a greyish-white cut surface and rubbery consistency. On low-power examination, the tumor was centred in the dermis and displayed a vague lobular pattern. The tumor cells were spindled to stellate in shape and associated with myxoid matrix. Focal fascicular or loose storiform patterns were also noted. A delicate vascular network was identified in the myxoid stroma. Mast cells were readily observed. On high-power examination, the tumor cells were relatively bland-looking and showed at most a mild degree of nuclear atypia. Mitotic figures were rare and coagulative tumor necrosis was absent. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for vimentin, CD34 and CD99. Focal staining for CD10 was also demonstrated. Other immunomarkers including actins, desmin and epithelial membrane antigen were negative.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SAF is a distinctive soft tissue tumor occurring mainly in the digits of adults. Awareness of this entity is helpful in distinguishing SAF from other myxoid soft tissue tumors occurring there. Complete excision with clear resection margins is the mainstay of treatment.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , 12E7 Antigen , Antigens, CD , Metabolism , Antigens, CD34 , Metabolism , Cell Adhesion Molecules , Metabolism , Dermatofibrosarcoma , Metabolism , Pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Fibroma , Diagnostic Imaging , Metabolism , Pathology , General Surgery , Fingers , Pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Ganglion Cysts , Metabolism , Pathology , Nerve Sheath Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Radiography , Skin Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Soft Tissue Neoplasms , Diagnostic Imaging , Metabolism , Pathology , General Surgery , Vimentin , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effects of the tandem repeat polymorphisms in the enhancer region (ER) of thymidylate synthase (TS) gene and the 6-bp deletion/insertion (del6/ins6) polymorphism in the 3′ untranslated region (3′-UTR) of TS gene on the clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: One hundred and sixteen patients with gastric cancer were treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy. The polymorphisms of TSER and TS 3′ -UTR in those patients were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: Of the 116 patients, the frequencies of the TSER 2R/2R, 2R/3R and 3R/3R were 7.8% (9/116), 31.9% (37/116), and 60.3% (70/116), respectively; the frequencies of the TS3′-UTR ins6/ins6, ins6/del6 and del6/del6 were 9.5% (11/116), 41.4% (48/116) and 49.1% (57/116), respectively. The median survival period in ins6/ins6 carriers was significantly shorter than that of del6/del6 (P = 0.017) or ins6/del6 (P = 0.022) carriers. There was no significant difference in median relapse-free survival period between different TSER carriers (P > 0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that the ins6/ins6 carriers had increased death risk (P <0.05) compared to the other two genotypes. The median no-recurrence survival period had no statistical difference between them. Conclusion: The polymorphism of TS 3 UTR ins6/del6 may be an independent factor for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients treated with 5-FU-based adjuvant chemotherapy.