Establishment of DNA Fingerprints and Genetic Similarities Analysis of Dendrobium officinale / 中国实验方剂学杂志

This study adopted the 4 pairs of simple sequence repeats(SSR) primers selected by National Resource Center for Chinese Meteria Medica (CACMS) to detect 29 populations of Dendrobium officinale samples from 9 main places of production; 5,7,4 and 3 polymorphism bands were amplified from these 4 pairs of SSR primers. The DNA identities of different populations were constructed by SSR. The 29 D. officinale populations could be divided into 4 classes. The clustering result was related to the places of production. Samples from Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan provinces were classified into one category,while samples from Anhui and Guangxi provinces were classified into another category. Samples from Guangdong Danxia,Zhejiang Yongkang,Zhejiang Leqing and Taining belonged to a category. PopGene (version 1.32) software was applied to calculate the genetic similarity of the 29 D. officinale populations. The similarities was between 0.403 4 and 1.0.Based on the genetic similarity,the genetic consistency included three classes,A,B and C. Samples with a similar geographical location and landform environment have higher genetic similarities,which indicate the same genetic background. This paper provides reference information to study the identification, selection and breeding of good varieties.

Simultaneous determination of sivelestat and its metabolite XW-IMP-A in human plasma using HPLC-MS/MS / 药学学报

A simple and rapid method was developed based on high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine sivelestat and its metabolite XW-IMP-A in human plasma. After a simple protein precipitation, the samples and internal standards were analyzed on a C18 column by a gradient elution program. The mobile phase consisted of 30% acetonitrile in methanol and 5 mmol · L(-1) ammonium acetate at a flow rate of 0.7 mL · min(-1). The mass spectrometric data was collected in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) in the negative electrospray ionization. The standard curves were linear in the range of 10.0-15,000 ng · mL(-1) for sivelestat, and 2.50-1000 ng · mL(-1) for XW-IMP-A. The low limits of quantitation were identified at 10.0 and 2.50 ng · mL for sivelestat and XW-IMP-A, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision were within 11.3% and 13.1% for sivelestat and XW-IMP-A, and accuracy was 0.3% and 0.6% for sivelestat and XW-IMP-A, within the acceptable limits across all concentrations. The method was successfully validated in the pharmacokinetic study of sivelestat in healthy Chinese volunteers.

Compliance and safety evaluation of subcutaneous versus sublingual immunotherapy in mite-sensitized patients with allergic rhinitis / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the safety profile of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) versus sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) caused by house dust mites. The treatment compliance and related factors were also evaluated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 160 patients with AR were enrolled in this study and received either SCIT (Alutard SQ, ALK-Abelló) or SLIT (Chanllergen-Df drops, Wolwo Pharma). All subjects were divided into two groups: SCIT group consisted of 81 patients aged 7 to 62 years [(21.5 ± 14.6) years, x ± s], and SLIT group consisted of 79 patients aged 6 to 53 years [(15.1 ± 10.3) years]. The selected patients were persistent and moderate to severe AR sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae. Local and systemic reactions, as well as patient's adherence to the treatment, were carefully recorded and analyzed during the immunotherapy schedules (followed up for 6 months to 2 years). Statistical analysis was performed using a SPSS13.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Local swelling commonly occurred following injections throughout the treatment duration (62.9% of overall injections) in the SCIT group. Oral itching associated with drop intakes was reported by 4 subjects (5.1%) in the SLIT group. All local reactions were mild, well tolerated and self-limiting in both groups. A total of 11 patients (13.6%) with 18 injections (0.9%) experienced systemic reactions in the SCIT group, involving respiratory distress, asthmatic attacks, and urticaria. These adverse effects were mostly immediate reactions, and occurred more frequently in patients during the maintenance phase of treatment. There were also 11 patients (13.9%) who experienced systemic reactions in the SLIT group, including gastrointestinal symptoms, urticaria, and rhinitis exacerbations. However, systemic reactions to SLIT were mainly observed in patients during the up-dosing phase of treatment. No significant difference in the overall incidence of systemic adverse effects was found between the SCIT and SLIT groups (13.6% and 13.9% respectively, χ(2) = 0.004, P > 0.05). There was only one case of non-life-threatening systemic reaction (severe asthma) in the SCIT group. Others were mild or moderate and no anaphylactic shock occurred in any group. No significant difference in treatment compliance was found between the SCIT and SLIT groups (86.4% and 79.7% respectively, χ(2) = 0.84, P > 0.05), with an overall rate of compliance (83.1%) among 160 patients. The most common cause for treatment withdrawal was insufficient ineffectiveness, in both groups of SCIT (6.2%) and SLIT (10.1%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggest that the frequency of systemic adverse effects of SCIT is not significantly different from SLIT in mite-sensitized patients with AR, and both treatments are well tolerated and had favorable compliance during the study period.</p>

Effects and mechanisms of shidi capsule on adjuvant arthritis model / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe into the effects and mechanisms of Shidi capsule on adjuvant arthritis model (AA).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>SD rats, maleness, were stochastically divided into the normal comparison, the model, the dexamethasone (0.45 mg kg(-1)), total glucosides of paeony (150 mg kg(-1)) and Shidi capsule (gruffs) high (5400 mg kg(-1)), middle (2700 mg kg(-1)) and low (1350 mg kg(-1)) dose groups. Except the normal comparison group, rats in the other groups were injected Freund's complete adjuvant reagent into the rat' right metapedes to establish the AA model. Drugs were given by intragastric administration. Then paw swelling, the content of prostaglandin E2 in inflamed paws, MDA and SOD in blood serum, the spleen and thoracic gland index, and histopathology change of malleolus joint were observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The Shidi high, middle and low dose groups could inhibit the primary and secondary swelling of the rats' inflamed metapedes in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the model group, each group of Shidi capsule could increase SOD,decrease MDA and PGE2, advance the spleen, and thoracic gland index, and relive the histopathology change of malleolus joint.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Shidi capsule could inhibit the inflammation of synovial membrane obviously, relieve the degree of injury of cell, and therefore have therapeutic efficacy to AA rats.</p>

Study on mechanism underlying the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by Keshiling / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the mechanism underlying the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by Keshiling (KSL) in the rats model of FCA-induced arthritis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The experimental arthritis was induced by FCA in the rats. The content of PGE2 in the inflammatory swelling toes was evaluated by ultraviolet spectrophotometric method. The ConA and LPS-induced lymphocytes proliferation and the production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) secreted by thymus were determined by MTT assay.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Results showed that the increases of lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production in AIA rats could be inhibited by KSL at the concentrations of 540 and 270 mg x kg(-1) in vivo and vitro. KSL at the same doses decreased the contents of PGE2 in inflammatory swelling toes, and the decreased A values were 25.6,16.1, 10.0 (A x 10(3)), respectively. After administration of KSL in vivo at 540 and 270 mg x kg(-1) the T lymphocyte proliferation were attenuated by 32.1% and 31.0%, and the production of IL-2 was inhibited by 17.5% and 14.0% respectively. While the inhibitory rates of T lymphocyte proliferation were reduced by 39.0% and 22.1% and the production of IL-2 was diminished by 27.3% and 18.2% respectively following the administration of KSL in vitro.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>KSL possesses the anti-inflammation function.</p>

Reversal of multidrug resistance by lomerizine in K562/ADM cells / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the effect of lomerizine (Lom) on the reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) in K562/ADM cells and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was used to determine the influence of Lom on the cytotoxicity of adriamycin (ADM). The effect of Lom on the apoptosis induced by ADM and vincristine (VCR) in K562/ADM cells was detected using flow cytometry. Intracellular accumulation of ADM was measured by fluorescence spectrophotometry. Flow cytometry was used to investigate the efflux of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) and the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in K562/ADM cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Lom increased the cytotoxicity of ADM and the apoptosis induced by ADM or VCR in K562/ADM cells. At the concentration of 3, 10 and 30 micromol x L(-1), Lom reduced the IC50 value of ADM from 79.03 micromol x L(-1) to 28.14, 8.16 and 3.16 micromol x L(-1), respectively. Lom increased the intracellular accumulation of ADM and inhibited the efflux of Rh123 in K562/ ADM cells. No change in P-gp expression was observed after the treatment of Lom for 72 h.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lom had strong reversal effect on MDR in K562/ADM cells by inhibiting P-gp function.</p>

Effects of male reproductive health information education communication on mastering STDs knowledge among young couples / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To increase the knowledge of STDs control and prevention among young couples by intervention, and to improve their reproductive health.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The intervention plan was made and carried out on the basis of the information from baseline interview and Focus Group Discussions. The activities of the intervention included lectures given by experts, counseling service, delivering knowledge foldouts and knowledge competition. The final survey was conducted. The data of baseline and final survey were analyzed with SAS software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before intervention, young couples knowledge of STDs was similar between the experimental and the control group. After intervention, proportion of knowing numbers of STDs kinds in experiment group significantly was higher than that in control group(P < 0.01); The proportion of knowing harm of STDs and knowing to use consom to prevent STDs couples were significantly higher in experiment group than that in control group(P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The intervention activities including lectures and counseling services were positive and great sociological affects on family planning and reproductive health improvement for young couples which has one child.</p>