Identification of Function and Mechanism of Apolipoprotein H Gene in Liver Failure Based on Bioinformatics Analysis / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To explore the function and mechanism of differentially expressed Apolipoprotein H（APOH） gene in liver failure by bioinformatics. 【Methods】Multiple chip datasets（GSE14688，GSE38941 and GSE96851） were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus （CEO）database. The differentially expressed genes were screened out based on P value < 0.05 and |log2FC| > 5. Biological function enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis of APOH gene， which was among the top ten key genes screened，was analyzed by Cytoscape and R，for further validation of expression of APOH in chronic hepatitis B virus-related liver failure.【Results】A total of 2 438 differentially expressed genes were screened，among which 1 162 were significantly up-regulated and 1 276 were significantly down-regulated. According to Protein-protein Interaction Network（PPIN）analysis，the top ten key genes were KNG1，IGF1，SPARC，APOH，CLU， SERPING1，TGFB2，CDC37L1，PCYOX1L and APOOL. High expression of APOH was found in chronic hepatitis B virus- related liver failure tissues and GeneMANIA predicted that APOH was associated with inflammation. GO analysis and KEGG analysis showed that APO，which was closely related to complement/coagulation cascade pathway and carbon metabolism pathway，positively correlated with C3（complement C3）.【Conclusion】APOH is involved in the occurrence and development of liver failure by C3 regulating complement/coagulation cascade pathway and carbon metabolism pathway.

Sleep Status of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To investigate the sleep status of patients with chronic HBV infection【Methods】From January 2019 to June 2019 ，353 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the outpatient department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University，using the sleepiness scale，insomnia scale，sleep quality scale，anxiety self- rating form and depression self- evaluation ，patients were scored and grouped according to sleep grading criteria. Patients were collected for gender，age，disease diagnosis，antiviral therapy，and educational level. Chi-square correlation test and multivariate logistic regression were applied to analyze the influencing factors of sleep. 【Results】 The overall sleepiness rate was 47.88%. The overall insomnia rate was 53.26%. There were 6.8% patients who had poor sleep quality. The risk factor of lethargy was the degree of anxiety（P = 0.000，OR = 3.076，95% CI 1.706~5.545）. The risk factor of insomnia was anxiety（P = 0.000，OR = 14.693，95% CI 5.046~42.782）and depression（P = 0.002，OR = 2.279，95% CI1.340~3.877）. The risk factor of sleep quality was anxiety（P = 0.000，OR = 9.990，95% CI 4.031~24.758）.【Conclusions】 Patients with chronic HBV infection have a high proportion of subjective sleep disorders. The main influencing factor is mental state of the patient. A full understanding of the patients′ sleep status will help the patients′ treatment.

Short-term efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil as an add-on therapy in the pegylated IFNalpha-2a treatment for HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B patients / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether the combination therapy of pegylated IFNalpha-2a plus adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) improve the efficacy of the treatment in CHB patients with HBeAg positive or not.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>57 CHB patients with HBeAg positive received 48-week pegylated IFNalpha-2a therapy were enrolled into this study. If serum HBV DNA levels exceeded 1000 copies/ml at week 24, the patients were assigned to group A (pegylated IFN-alpha2a plus ADV, 21 cases) or group B (pegylated IFNalpha-2a only, 14 cases); otherwise, they received the unceasing monotherapy of pegylated IFNalpha-2a (group C, 22 cases).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At week 48, HBeAg seroconversion rates were 23.8%, 28.6% and 63.6% (A vs C,P = 0.014), but rates of aminotransferases normalization and HBV DNA suppression (< 1000 copies/ml) were not statistically significant among three groups. But during week 24 to week 48, rates of HBeAg seroconversion, aminotransferases normalization and HBV DNA suppression were also not statistically significant between group A and B. But amplitude of DNA drop in group A was much more than that in group B (2.60 +/- 1.37 vs 0.86 +/- 2.09, P = 0.005).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>An ADV add-on therapy in pegylated IFNalpha-2a treatment seems able to improve the inhibition of HBV DNA in chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg positive. It requires a large, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to further provent.</p>

The effect of antiviral therapy for patients with HBeAg-negative cirrhosis / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficacy of nucleot(s)ide analogues therapy in patients with HBeAg-negative cirrhosis in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>111 patiens with HBeAg-negative cirrhosis were divided into antiviral group (58 cases, 25 entecavir, 19 adefovir dipivoxil, 13 lamivudine, 1 telbivudine) and control group (53 cases, supportive and symptomatic treatment). These two groups were matched for demography, liver function and Child-Pugh score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the 96th week, the rate of ALT normalization and HBV DNA drop (1g copies/ml) in antiviral group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). The rates of HBV DNA negative (< 500 copies/ml) were 88.7% (47/53) and 32. 5% (13/40), respectively (P < 0.05 ). There were no differences in the rates of developing HCC and undergoing variceal bleeding between antiviral group and control group (P > 0.5). 15.4% patients with lamivudine treatment emerged YMDD mutations. 10.5% patients with adefovir dipivoxil treatment emerged virologic breakthrough and hepatitis flare during the second year. 2 patients (3.5%) in treatment group and 6 patients (11.5%) in control group died of liver failure or variceal bleeding or HCC ( P > 0.05 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Neucleot(s)ide analogues are effective in suppressing HBV replication in patients with HBeAg-negative cirrhosis, but the impact of which on the mortality and complications of cirrhosis should be prolongly observed. For continuing treatment, the neucleot(s)ide analogues with strong effective and low resistance are the first choices to prevent viral mutation and drug resistance.</p>

Relationship of fatty liver with HBV infection, hyperlipidemia and abnormal alanine aminotransferase / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the prevalence of fatty liver in Guangzhou and its relation to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hyperlipidemia and abnormal alanine aminotransferase (ALT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 4365 participants who received health check-up in our hospital.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of fatty liver was 18.2%, 19.2% in males and 17.1% in females, respectively. There was no significant difference between males and females (P = 0.07). Among 793 subjects with fatty liver, 440 were males and 353 were females. The prevalence of fatty liver was 16.7% in HBV infection group and 18.3% in the group without HBV infection, no significant difference was seen between these two groups (P = 0.45). The prevalence of fatty liver was 42.1% in hyperlipidemia group, and 11.6% in the group with normal serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), respectively, there was a significant difference between these two groups (P < 0.05). The abnormal ALT was seen in 32.5% of the fattty liver group, which was significantly higher than that (8.6%) in the group without fatty liver (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The prevalence of fatty liver was not significantly different between males and females in Guangzhou. Fatty liver was not related with HBV infection but closely related with age and hyperlipidemia. Fatty liver was a common cause of abnormal ALT.</p>

The antiviral treatment impacts on clinical outcomes of renal transplantation recipients with hepatitis B virus infection / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>UNLABELLED</b>OBJECTIVE; To investigate the clinic outcomes and the efficacy of antiviral treatment in renal transplantation recipients with hepatitis B viral serum markers positive.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>32 renal transplantation recipients with hepatitis B viral serum markers positive were enrolled. 23 patients in antiviral treatment group have received the lamivudine (19 cases), enticavir (2 cases) and adefovir (1 case). Another 9 patients have not received the antiviral treatment and were as the control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The biochemical response rate in antiviral treatment group and control group is 82.60% and 22.22%, respectively. 19 of 23 (82.60%) patients in treatment group survived and 1 of 9 (11.11%) patients in control group survived (P < 0.05). 20 of 23 (86.95%) patients in treatment group have the reduction of HBV DNA more than 2 log copies/ml or maintain less than 5 log copies/ml, while 1 of 9 (11.11%) patients in control group has the HBV DNA maintain less than 5 log copies/ml (P < 0.05). The virology rebound was observed in 6 of 19 (31.58%) patients with lamivudine treatment. 2 of them shift to enticavir treatment and 1 of them add adefovir treatment. The three patients survived. Other 3 patients die of liver function failure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The antiviral could improve the survival in renal transplantation recipients with hepatitis B viral serum markers positive. When the virology rebound occurs, the add-on with adefovir or the shift to enticavir could be a rescue treatment.</p>

The relationship between the levels of HBV DNA loads and both the clinical characteristics and 48-week prognosis in patients with decompensated cirrhosis due to hepatitis B / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the relationship between the levels of HBV DNA loads and both the clinical characteristics and 48-week prognosis in patients with decompensated cirrhosis due to hepatitis B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty-three patients with decompensated cirrhosis of hepatitis B virus infection were divided into low level HBV DNA group [HBV DNA < 10(5) copies/ml = (46 cases) and high-level HBV-DNA group (HBV DNA > or = 10(5) copies/ml) (97 cases)]. 21 cases in low-level group and 52 cases in high-level group treated with nucleoside analog.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference between the two groups on the demography and the baseline in ALT, ALB, TBil, CHE before treatment, while in AST and HBeAg were statistically different. At 48-week, there was no significant difference between the two groups on the liver function. The mortality rate in low-level group was similar to that in high level group. In the low-level HBV DNA patients, hepatocellular carcinoma, spontaneous peritonitis and gastrointestinal hemorrhage were higer than that in the high-level HBV DNA patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In patients with decompensated cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, those who were in low-level HBV DNA had not got better than that in high-level HBV DNA, which indicated that earlier treatment was also needed in low-level HBV DNA patients.</p>