ABSTRACT
As a crucial component of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy, moxibustion has been extensively propagated and used with its significant efficacy, simple operation, inconspicuous adverse effects and less sufferings. There are a variety of factors that influence the therapeutic efficacy of moxibustion. The influencing factors, including moxibustion dose (moxibustion duration, distance between moxa and skin, size and number of moxa cone), selection of points, moxibustion sensations, and the type of moxibustion were analyzed and summarized, to provide references for approaching the maximum efficacy of moxibustion in clinic.
ABSTRACT
As a crucial component of acupuncture-moxibustion therapy, moxibustion has been extensively propagated and used with its significant efficacy, simple operation, inconspicuous adverse effects and less sufferings. There are a variety of factors that influence the therapeutic efficacy of moxibustion. The influencing factors, including moxibustion dose (moxibustion duration, distance between moxa and skin, size and number of moxa cone), selection of points, moxibustion sensations, and the type of moxibustion were analyzed and summarized, to provide references for approaching the maximum efficacy of moxibustion in clinic.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate the pollutant levels of regulated disinfection by-products trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) in raw water from the Huangpu River, the Yangtze River and different treatment processes and finished water, and to explore the changes tendency in transmission and distribution pipeline network.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 65 ml water samples with two replicates were collected from different raw water, corresponding treatment processes, finished water and six national surveillance points in main network of transmission and distribution, water source for A water plant and B, C water plant was the Huangpu River and the Yangtze River, respectively. Regulated THMs and HAAs above water samples were detected by gas chromatography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total trihalomethanes (THM(4)) concentration in different treatment processes of A water plant was ND-9.64 µg/L, dichlorobromomethane was the highest (6.43 µg/L). The THM(4) concentration in B and C water plant was ND to 38.06 µg/L, dibromochloromethane (12.24 µg/L) and bromoform (14.07 µg/L) were the highest in the B and the C water plant respectively. In addition to trichloroacetic acid in A water plant from the raw water, the other HAAs came from different treatment processes. The total haloacetic acids (HAA(6)) concentration of different treated processes in A water plant was 3.21 - 22.97 µg/L, mobromoacetic acid (10.40 µg/L) was the highest. Dibromoacetic acid was the highest both in B (8.25 µg/L) and C (8.84 µg/L) water plant, HAA(6) concentration was ND to 27.18 µg/L. The highest and the lowest concentration of THM(4) were found from the main distribution network of C and A water plant respectively, but the concentration of HAA(6) in the main water pipes network of A water plant was the highest, and the lowest in C water plant. The THMs concentration was 21.11 - 31.18 µg/L in C water plant and 6.72 - 8.51 µg/L in A water plant. The concentration of HAA(6) was 25.02 - 37.31 µg/L in A water plant and 18.69 - 23.32 µg/L in C water plant. The highest concentrations of brominated disinfection by-products in B and C water plant were 54.57 µg/L and 45.38 µg/L respectively, those were higher than A water plant (18.98 µg/L), and higher than the chlorinated disinfection by-products in B and C water plants (30.23 µg/L and 30.60 µg/L).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The THM(4) concentrations of finished water treated from Huangpu River was lower than finished water from the Yangtze River, while the HAAs concentrations in finish water from Huangpu River was higher than the two water plants of Yangtze River. The fluctuations of THMs and HAAs concentration in distribution network were low during transmission and distribution process.</p>
Subject(s)
Chromatography, Gas , Environmental Monitoring , Methods , Rivers , Chemistry , Trihalomethanes , Chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Water Purification , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the technique of total calvaria reconstruction for sagittal synostosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>11 children with sagittal synostosis were treated. The David II procedure was used to reconstruct the calvarial gap in 6 cases; Osteotomies with reversal change was performed on 2 cases; Plum-plasty of the calvaria was performed on 3 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 11 cases were cured with satisfactory head shape.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The David II procedure is applicable for patient of 1 approximately 3 months. The technique of floating skull flap plasty and plum-plasty of the calvaria can be performed on patients older than 3 months.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Cranial Sutures , Congenital Abnormalities , Craniosynostoses , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the correlation between expression of proliferation antigen Ki-67, early apoptotic protein M30 (M30CytoDEATH, CK18) and biologic characteristics in endometrial carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SP immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expression of Ki-67 and M30 in 79 cases of endometrial carcinoma respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean Ki-67 indices varied with histological grading and clinical stage of the tumor, being 20.48 +/- 14.86 in grade 1, 24.12 +/- 14.42 in grade 2 and 38.84 +/- 11.88 in grade 3; 20.65 +/- 13.56 in stage I; 26.92 +/- 14.71 in stage II; and: 35.14 +/- 14.70 in stage III. The mean M30 indices varied with the grading and stage of the tumor, being 1.03 +/- 1.42 in grade 1, 1.03 +/- 1.64 in grade 2 and 1.94 +/- 1.20 in grade 3; 0.30 +/- 0.58 in stage I; 1.66 +/- 1.74 in stage II; and 2.07 +/- 1.62 in stage III.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ki-67 and M30 indexes are significantly correlated with biologic behavior and prognosis in endometrial carcinoma. There is a positive relationship between Ki-67 and M30 indexes.</p>