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Objective To explore the role of atorvastatin resist to tobacco smoking inducing endothelial inflammation .Meth‐ods HUVECs were divided into normal control group ,cigarette smoking extract(CSE) group and atorvastatin(AS)+CSE group . The cellular morphology of HUVECs in three group were observed ,then the expressions of VCAM‐1 and E selectin in HUVECs in three group were detected by western blot assay .Results In CES group ,drastic morphological change of HUVECs were observed . In AS+CSE group ,minor morphological change of HUVECs were observed .Also ,the protein levels of VCAM‐1 and E selectin were much higher in CSE group than that of in other two groups(P<0 .05) ,and the protein levels of VCAM‐1 and E‐selectin in AS+CSE group were a little higher than that of in control group ,but much lower than that of in CSE group(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Our results showed that atorvastatin might partly resist to tobacco smoking inducing endothelial inflammation .
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Objective To study systematically regional anatomy of lumbar sympathetic trunk to provide anatomic information for endoscopic lumbar sympathectomy (VALLS). Method The anatomy of the lumbar sympathetic trunk and its relationship with neighboring structures were studied in 128 sides of adult cadavers, and it was substantiate in 13 cases of endoscopic lumbar sympathectomy. Results (1) The location, shape and number of the sympathetic ganglia were quite variable. The number varied from 1 to 6 on one side. (2) It was found that the lumbar sympathetic trunk split into 2-3 branches at the distal portion. (3) Lumbar arteries were all located under the lumbar sympathetic trunk and the lumbar veins situated superior to the trunk in 68.42%±4.35% of instance. (4) Genitofemoral nerve was found to pierce the psoas muscle at the level of 2nd to 4th vertebra or its intervertebral discs. It was only 0.81±0.48 cm away from the medial rim of the psoas muscle. (5) Distance between ureter- iliac vessel junction and the lateral edge of the psoas muscle was 3.36±0.59 cm on the left side, and 3.41±0.59 cm on the right side. (6) A report of the experience of our 13 VALLS was presented. Conclusions Because of great variation and complicated anatomic relation between lumbar sympathetic trunk with its neighboring structures, familiarity to the anatomy of the retroperitoneal space is cracial for a successful minimal invasive laparoscopic lumbar sympathectomy.
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Surgical science is one of the chief courses in medical college.The teaching quality of clinical practice has a great influence on the trainees whether they can become qualified doctors as quickly as they can.This paper discusses mainly how to develop the students' scientific clinical thinking ability,enhance basic operating skills and deal with the relationship between doctors and patients.
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With the development of the society,general surgery teaching has faced higher demands.This paper mainly discusses how to increase comprehensive quality,medical ethics and manipulation capability of the surgeons.
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The traditional teaching modes and approaches of medicine are facing with unexpected challenges and opportunities.In order to train high-quality medical students,we now need to reconsider and reform the traditional teaching modes and approaches of medicine. This essay will provide some suggestions of teaching reform in clinic medicine.
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Objective: To explore the Prevention and Cure of the Complications of video - assisted Laparoscopic Lumbar Sympathectomy (VALLS). Methods; 13 cases of Buerger' s disease treated with VALLS were retrospectively reviewed. Results; Serious complications were not found in all the patients. Only two cases developed aerodermectasia. Conclusions: VALLS is the ideal minimally invasive surgery for Buerger's disease. Only then grasps the laparoscopic operation skill and anatomy of retroperitoneal space, protects the neighbor important structures, can the complication fall to the lowest.
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Objective:To review the feasibility and efficacy of partial lumbar sympathectomy for Buerger's disease with video-assisted laparoscopic lumbar sympathectomy (VALLS).Methods:From July 2002 to Octomber 2003,7 patients with Buerger's disease were treated in our hospita1 with VALLS.3 cases underwent bilateral resection,3 cases left side resection,1 case right side resection,1 case common femoral-superficial femora1 artery bypass,1 case right greater saphenous vein arterialization,and 2 cases toes amputation.Results:All the 7 cases were confirmed by pathological examination(one was reported as one lymph node).The skin temperature of lower limb immediately rose significantly after operation.Serious complications were not found in all the patients.Only one case developed aerodermectasia,but recovered completely after three days of symptomatic therapy.Follow-up survey of 2-18 months(with mean of 8.7 months)showed the effect was satisfactory with the manifestations of normal limb temperature,improved blood supply,remission and resolution of the pain.Conclusion:Because of its small incision,little wound,excellent view of the retroperitoneal space and accurate anatomical location,VALLS is relatively simpler than classical operation and its effect is satisfactory.
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Objective To research regional anatomy of lumbar sympathetic trunk and provide anatomic information for video-assisted laparoscopic lumbar sympathectomy(VALLS).Methods Lumbar sympathetic trunk and its neighboring anatomic relation in 128 sides of adult cadavers and 21 clinic VALLS were retrospectively reviewed.Results ① The location,shape and number of the sympathetic ganglia were quite variable.There was 1 to 6 in number unilaterally.② Lumbar sympathetic trunks of 12 sides in 128 sides were found dividing into 2-3 branches at the distal part.③ Lumbar arteries were all located under the lumbar sympathetic trunk and the lumbar veins consisting 68.42% situated superficially to the trunk.④ Genitofemoral nerve pierced the psoas muscle at the level of 2nd to 4th vertebrate or its intervertebral disc.It was only(0.81?0.48)cm away from the medial rim of the psoas muscle.⑤ Distance between ureter-iliac vessel junction and the lateral rim of the psoas muscle was(3.36?0.59)cm at left side and(3.41?0.59)cm at right side.The operation time was 2-3.5 hours and the intraoperative blood loss was 50-80 ml.There were no severe complications and the effects were satisfying.Conclusion Because of great variants and complex neighboring anatomic relation of lumbar sympathic nerve,the critical factor of successful microinvasive VALLS is to grasp the laparoscopic operation skill and anatomy of retroperitoneal space(especially the regional anatomy of lumbar sympathetic trunk)and carefully operating.
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Objective To investigate somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) mRNA expression and its correlation with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 60 colorectal cancer samples were analyzed. The SSTR2 mRNA expression was examined by in situ hybridization (ISH) using multiphase oligoprobes. The PCNA were detected by immunohistochemical staining. A computerized image analysis system was utilized to estimate the relative contents of SSTR2 mRNA. Results The positive rate of expression of SSTR2 mRNA and relative contents in early and well-differentiated colorectal cancer were higher than those in advanced and poorly differentiated lesion. A negative correlation between SSTR2 mRNA expression and PCNA was found in colorectal cancer. Conclusion In the samples of colorectal cancer, the expression of SSTR2 mRNA is correlated with the degree of differentiation and clinical stage, and it plays an important role in reflecting the degree of malignancy and prognosis.
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Objective To clone the vascular endothelial growth factor C gene(VEGF-C),construct its sense and antisense eukaryotic expression vectors,and then to identify and analyze the gene's sequence.Methods Total RNA was isolated from human SGC-7901 cells when the cells were in logarithm growing period.The sense and antisense total length cDNA of VEGF-C gene were then synthesized and amplified from the total RNA by RT-PCR.The plasmid pCI-neo and pcDNA3 were transformed and prepared by Escherichia coli.After being cut with Hind Ⅲ+EcoR I and Xba I+EcoR I respectively,the VEGF-C cDNA was cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pCI-neo and pcDNA3.The recombinant plasmids pcDNA3-sense VEGF-C and pCI-neo-antisense VEGF-C were verified finally by restriction endonuclease analysis and sequencing.Results The positive clone of total length cDNA of VEGF-C gene which had been synthesized and amplified by RT-PCR contained approximately 1.3kb insert.The sense and antisense recombinants were pcDNA3-sense VEGF-C and pCI-neo-antisense VEGF-C.Their positive clone contained an approximately 6.8kb insert.Sequencing of basic radicals confirmed that the sequences of DNA fragments introduced to the recombined plasmids fitted the parameters of the expected design,and the two fragments were complementary with opposite direction.Conclusions The human VEGF-C gene has been cloned and both its sense and antisense eukaryotic expression vectors are constructed successfully,which set up a foundation for the next step of study on the effects of transfected antisense VEGF-C cells on the growth of tumor cells in vitro,and for the further study on the effects of VEGF-C in the formation of lymphatics and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.
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Objective To compare enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), in order to elucidate the feasibility and advantage of EN. Method 65 patients were randomly divided into PN and EN groups. The nutritional status and the immunologic index were determined on the 1st, 7th and 14th day after giving the nutritional support, and the incidence of the complications, infection rate, mortality rate, hospital stay days and hospital expenditure were compared. Results After giving the nutritional support, the serum contents of albumin and transferrin were increased obviously, and blood glucose and blood diastase were lowered significantly in both PN and EN groups (P
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Objective To investigate the effects of in situ venous arterialization on extensive artery obliterans occlusion of the lower extremity. Methods Lumbar sympathetic ganglionectomy and one stage in situ arterialization of the great saphemous vein were performed in 104 ischemic limbs of 88 patients with extensive arterial occlusion. Results Eighty-two of 104 limbs were followed-up from 6 months to over 6 years. The intermittent claudication, night pain improved in all cases, with satisfactory wound healing and no swelling of the lower limbs. Conclusions Arterial blood flow through venous conduit improves and reconstructs the blood circulation of the ischemic limbs.
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Objective To investigate the biological effects of human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 transinfected by antisence vascular endothelial growth factor-C (anti VEGF-C) gene on the tumorigenicity and vascular generation,and explore the role of VEGF-C gene in metastasis and vascular generation of gastric cancer.MethodsThirty nude mice were randomly divided into three groups (10 each):transgenic anti VEGF-C group,transgenic pure liposome group and non-transgenic group.0.2ml (1?107/ml) of SGC-7901 suspension,either transinfected by anti VEGF-C gene,or by pure liposome,or transinfected nil,was respectively subcutaneously injected into the three groups of mice,once every 2 days for 3 consecutive days.After injection,the size and growth velocity of the neoplasm were measured.The microlymphatic vessel density (MLVD) and microvessel density (MVD) of tumor were also determined.ResultsThe neoplasm grew more slowly and was smaller in the mice of transgenic anti VEGF-C group than in non-transgenic ones.At the end of the 1st,2nd and 3rd week,the MLVD in the mice of transgenic anti VEGF-C group was 4.0?2.2,6.0?3.1 and 9.0?2.7/high field (/HF),respectively.In the transgenic pure liposome group,the MLVD was 6.0?8.7,9.0?3.5 and 18.0?7.2/HF,respectively.In the non-transgenic group,the MLVD was 7.0?4.9,9.0?6.4 and 19.0?6.5/HF,respectively.The MVD in the transgenic anti VEGF-C group was 3.0?2.4,5.0?2.1 and 8.0?1.7/HF,respectively.In the transgenic pure liposome group was 4.0?1.8,6.0?2.7 and 10.0?1.3/HF,respectively,and in non-transgenic group was 4.0?1.5,6.0?1.3 and 9.0?1.2/HF,respectively.There existed significant difference in lymphangiogenesis of the tumor (P0.05).ConclusionsThe anti VEGF-C gene may suppress the tumorigenicity and lymphangiogenesis of human SGC-7901 gastric carcinoma cells,but have little effect on angiogenesis of the tumor.VEGF-C might participate in the lymphangiogenesis of gastric tumor.
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Objective To compare the video-assisted laparoscopic lumbar gangliosympathectomy with open lumbar gangliosympathectomy on their advantages and disadvantages. Method From June 2002 to May 2006, a total of 21 adults with Buerger's disease underwent the video-assisted laparoscopic lumbar gangliosympathectomy. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization time, postoperative effects and postoperative complications were analyzed. The data of the 21 cases were compared with those from other 27 cases with Buerger's disease who had undergone open lumbar gangliosympathectomy in the same period. Results The operation time was longer in the laparoscopic group (174?14.84min) than that in the open group (132?32.81min, P