ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct three-dimensional (3D) models of renal stones and perform percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) virtual surgery simulation. Methods CT images were obtained from 8 patients with renal stones. Images segmentation and reconstruction were performed using MIMICS 10.0 software to construct the 3D model of the renal stones, which provided the anatomical relationships between the kidney and the adjacent organs. The optimal PCNL virtual surgery simulation for each individual case was performed using FreeForm Modeling System on the basis of the 3D model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight 3D models of renal stone were constructed. The 3D model of the renal stones represented the interrelationships of the stones, intrarenal vessel, and the collecting system with the adjacent anatomical structures. Individualized PCNL virtual surgery simulations including percutaneous puncture, dilatation and pneumatic lithotripsy were performed successfully in all the 8 3D models.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Digital 3D model of renal stone provides the reliable and comprehensive imaging information for surgical design, and PCNL virtual surgery simulation has important clinical significance to improve the stone clearance rate and reduce the surgical complications.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Kidney Calculi , Diagnostic Imaging , General Surgery , Nephrostomy, Percutaneous , Methods , Software , Tomography, Spiral Computed , User-Computer InterfaceABSTRACT
The artifacts in magnetic resonance imagines(MRI) seriously degrade the imagine quality and affect the exact diagnosis. The reasons that may cause artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging and the suppressing methods are presented in this paper. One of the intractability appeared in researches is how to restrain all kinds of artifacts quickly and efficiently. It is important to search for new methods to solve this problem. It may provide reliable basis for medical observation and clinical diagnosis.