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Objective To study the effect of drinking water at different pH on intestinal microbial diversity in SPF mice.Methods Ninety 21-day-old SPF mice were randomly divided into three groups: drinking acidified water (pH 3.0), neutral water (pH 7.0) and alkaline water (pH 9.0), respectively, for 3 months, 30 mice in each group.10 mice were sacrificed at the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks in each group.Bacteria, virus and parasites in serum were detected according to the national standard for SPF.Then, primer sequences were designed according to the conservativeness of bacteria 16S rRNA, and libraries were constructed.Subsequently, the ileocecal contents were subjected to high-throughput sequencing (Illumina).10 G data were obtained and analyzed.Results The sequencing results revealed that the intestinal microbial abundance of the mice receiving pH 3.0 drinking water was moderate with a high stability.Conclusions Under the conditions of large-scale breeding, the mice receiving pH 3.0 drinking water can maintain the intestinal microbial diversity for a long time, and reach a stable platform.This study provides theoretical and technical support for the stable long-term maintenance of animal quality production.It is also a specific application of gastrointestinal macrogenomics in animal quality control.
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the major metabolic diseases.In view of the defects of traditional animal models, this study was the first to establish the NAFLD model of Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) with simple feed formula which is similar to human (from simple fatty liver to steatohepatitis, fibrosis,Liver cirrhosis).This study discussed the mechanism of rapid fatty liver deposition in Mongolian gerbil, revealed its molecular mechanism,main regulatory target and network function of fatty liver susceptibility.We provide a new animal model of NAFLD with relatively clear background and less time-consuming for clinical treatment and new drug development.The theoretical and practical basis for the breeding of inbred strain NAFLD gerbil was established.
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Objective To investigate the effects of dried whey on the intestinal bacterial community and probiotics in weaned laboratory rabbits .Methods A single factor design was employed to investigate the effects of dried whey supplemented at levels of 0%, 2%, 5%and 10%, respectively, on 48 weaned (40-day-old) laboratory rabbits.At the day 30, eight rabbits in each group were taken and sacrificed after anesthesia .The total bacterial DNA from the ceacal content of each selected rabbit was drew to analyze the bacterial community and intestinal probiotics ( Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillius) population by PCR-DGGE and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, respectively.Results 1) The DGGE parameters of ceacal bacterial community were increased with the increasing dried whey supplemental levels .The number of DGGE band in 2%, 5%and 10%dried whey supplement groups (P0.05).Supplying dried whey has no significant effects on the homogeneity index (P>0.05).2) The population of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillius in ceacal content had a trend of increase with the rising dried whey supplement levels .Compared with the 0% supplement group , the Lactobacillius population in the 2%, 5% and 10%supplement groups ( P <0.05 ) , the Bifidobacterium population in the 10% supplement group ( P <0.05 ) were significantly increased .Conclusions The results of our study indicate that: 1 ) Supplying dried whey in the feed of laboratory rabbit can effectively increase the diversity of ceacal bacterial community .2) Dried whey may effectively improve the intestinal probiotics population .
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Metagenomics ( metagenome) obtained all the microorganisms genome in specific biological environment from DNA samples directly from soil, water and skin, body cavity of human and animals.The metagenomic library was constructed by cloning them into alternative host cells using the vector, which is a discipline of screening new active substances and new genes by high-throughput sequencing.Therefore,using metagenomics not only can effectively detect the composition of microbial community of specific environment,but also greatly expanded the utilize the space of the microbial resources, developed of the next sequencing, enriched the content of bioinformatics. Based on the advantages of metagenomics,we summarized the major advances of metagenomics in human and animal pathogenic microorganisms in recent years,which might be used for the investigation and analysis of microbial pathogens of laboratory animal, animal epidemic monitoring and diagnosis of biological safety.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the transdermal absorbability of gentiopicroside, naringin and protosappanin B contained in Xuanbi gel plaster.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The Franz diffusing cells method was adopted for the in vitro model of rat belly skins. Three indexes, gentiopicroside, naringin and protosappanin B, residued in the accept liquid, skins and plaster were determined by HPLC.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The penetration rates of gentiopicroside, naringin and protosappanin B were respectively 3.47, 1.59, 2.13 microg x cm(-2) x h(-1). After 24 h, their penetration rates were 25.42%, 11.73%, 17.78%, respectively. The residual quantities of gentiopieroside, naringin and protosappanin B in skin were 0.231, 0.593, 0.568 microg x cm(-2), ith the retention rates of 0.027%, 0.227%, 0.475%, respectively. The amount of residue of gentiopicroside, naringin and protosappanin B in plaster were 2179, 674, 278 microg, with the retention rates of 81.36%, 81.92%, 73.83%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The in vitro transdermal behavior of Xuanbi gel plaster is close to a zero-order process. The residual quantity the retention rate in skins is much lower than the penetration rate and the residual rate in plaster.</p>