ABSTRACT
Bevacizumab has been widely used in tumor targeting therapy,while the most common adverse reaction is renal impairment,manifested as proteinuria. The main mechanisms may include interfering podocytes-endothelial vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)axis signals,increasing glomerular pressure caused by secondary hypertension,subacute renal thrombotic microangiopathy caused by endothelial damage and so on. Thrombotic microangiopathy is the main renal pathological type,and other rare types include glomer-ular lesions,renal interstitial disease,and benign renal arteriolar nephrosclerosis. Therefore,urine protein excretion and renal function should be closely monitored during bevacizumab treatment period for timely treat-ment,dose reduction or even withdrawal if necessary to ensure renal function.
ABSTRACT
Adiponectin is recently described as an adipocyte secreting cytokine,which is abundant in human plasma,Adiponectin plays important roles not only in glucose and lipid metabolism but also in the development and progression of several obesity-related malignancies.Vascular formation is a key step in the cancer growth and metastasis.Current reserches find that the effect of adiponectin in cancer vascular growth still has great differenees.This review discusses the effect of adiponectin in malignant tumor neovascularization,and reveals that adiponectin can be a new vasoinhibitor.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate prognostic significance of c-kit and PDGFR-α gene mutation in extragastrointestinal stromal tumors(EGIST). Methods Paraffin embedded tissue specimens from 23 EGISTs were tested for CD117,CD34 and Ki-67 expression by immunohistochemical method.EGIST cases were also tested for the presence of c-kit exons 9,11,13,17 mutations and PDGFR-α exons 12,18 mutations.Kaplan-meier survival rate was used to evaluate the prognostic factors. Results Of 23 cases of EGIST,23(100%)were positive for CD117,17(74%)were positive for CD34.For Ki-67 labeling index(Ki-67 LI):30%were＜1%,44%were between 1%-5%,26%were＞5%.C-kit mutations were detected in 44% of EGIST patients and all were of exon 11 mutations.PDGFR-α mutations were found in 13%of all the 23 cases and all were of exon 18 mutations(The commonest type of mutation D842V).Survival analysis indicated that mitotic count and Ki-67 index were significant predictors for survival.Conclusion The pattern of c-kit and PDGFR-α mutation in EGIST was essentially similar to that in GIST.But the mutation frequency of PDGFR-α was slightly higher in EGIST than in GIST.EGIST could be a special subtype of GIST.The results of this study also show combination of mitotic counts and Ki-67 labeling index may be useful for predicting the prognosis of EGIST.
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Objective To investigate the effect of parthenolide (PN) on human colon cancer cells in vitro and its mechanism. Methods Human colon cancer cell line HT-29 was cultured and treated with PN at the concentra-tions of 10 ,50 ,100 ,200,500 ,1 000 μmol/L for 48 hours. Then the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The ex-pression of NF-Κb p50 and COX-2 proteins were analyzed by Western blot and the concentration of PGE2 was meas-ured with ELISA kits. Results PN significantly induced cell apoptosis after 48 h in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of NF-Κb p50 and COX-2 proteins were down-regulated by the PN, and the concentrations of PGE2 were al-so declined. Conclusion PN can induce apoptosis of the human colon cancer cells. And the process may be carried out through the way of "NF-Κb→COX-2→PGE2".
ABSTRACT
The microencapsulated genetic cells may be a new platform instead of genetic engineering drugs, as they can overcome the genetic engineering drugs' shortages such as short half-life in vivo, low activity, and incomplete elimination of organic solvent. This article reviews and summarizes the advantages, possible problems and solution and the feasibility of using microencapsulated genetic engineering cells in the treatment of cancer.