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Objective:To assess the changes of left ventricular systolic function and global synchronization and myocardial work in patients with left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) by two-dimensional multi-layered speckle tracking imaging.Methods:Forty-two patients with Ⅱ degree Ⅱ type or Ⅲ degree atrioventricular block (AVB) in the Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University from April to December 2019 were selected as pacing group, which were further divided into two groups according to different pacemaker modes: twenty patients with right ventricular septal pacing (RVSP), twenty-two patients with LBBP, and twenty patients with normal ECG and cardiac structure were enrolled as control group. Echocardiography of pacing group and control group was performed and analyzed. The left ventricular subendocardial longitudinal strain peak(LSendo), the middle layer myocardial longitudinal strain peak(LSmid), subepicardial longitudinal strain peak(LSepi), global myocardial longitudinal strain peak(GLS), peak strain dispersion (PSD), global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW) and global work efficiency (GWE) were acquired. The differences among the three groups were analyzed and the high difference indexes were screened by statistical modeling.Results:LSendo in three groups had no difference ( P>0.05). LSmid, LSepi, GLS in the control group, LBBP group and RVSP groups were decreased gradually ( P<0.05). GLS in LBBP group was higher than in RVSP group ( P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the increases of QRS and PSD in LBBP group were not statistically significant ( P>0.05), while the decreases of QRS and PSD in LBBP group were statistically significant compared with the RVSP group ( P<0.05). The values of GCW among three groups had no statistical significance ( P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the decrease of GWI in LBBP group was not statistically significant ( P>0.05), while the increase of GWW and the decrease of GWE were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Compared with the RVSP group, the increases of GWI and GWE and the decrease of GWW in LBBP group were statistically significant ( P<0.05). QRS, LSendo, GLS, LSmid, left ventricular apex rotation to basal rotation peak time(ApexBase period) were the indexes with significant difference among LBBP and RVSP groups and all index characteristics showed better in LBBP than RVSP group. Conclusions:Two-dimensional multi-layered speckle tracking imaging can be used to evaluate the effect of LBBP on left ventricular systolic function and global synchronization and myocardial work. LBBP longitudinal mechanical synchronization is better than right ventricular septal pacing by improving the peak global myocardial longitudinal strain and myocardial work after pacemaker.
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Objective@#To understand indoor air quality in middle and primary schools of Hangzhou in autumn and winter seasons, and to provide references of promoting indoor air quality of schools.@*Methods@#Totally 33 classrooms of 11 schools in urban area were selected into study during Sept.2018 to Jan.2019. Daily measurements of PM2.5 and CO2 were performed in selected classes during school working time by air quality monitors. Totally, monitoring data of 35 964 hours were analyzed using univariate and multiplicity analysis for PM2.5 and CO2 level, variability and possible influence factors.@*Results@#In autumn and winter, hourly average values of classroom PM2.5 and CO2 concentration level in Hangzhou were between 35.30 to 74.65 μg/m3 and between 949.17 to 2 029.98 mg/m3, respectively. The concentration levels of PM2.5 and CO2 were higher with the temperature(F=1 412.84, 775.66, P<0.01). No statistical significance was be found for the difference of PM2.5 concentration among monitoring times. Wave changes in CO2 were observed with time variation PM2.5 and CO2 concentration level of 68.42% monitoring times was complied with standards. School type and temperature correlated with PM2.5 concentration level. The PM2.5 concentration level in senior high school was higher than that in junior high school, while the value in primary school was the minimum(β=0.44, P<0.01). And the PM2.5 concentration increased with the temperature decreased(β=8.31, P<0.01). School type, temperature and monitoring time correlated with CO2 concentration level. CO2 concentration increased with the increase of grade, decrease in temperature and later time during the day(β=213.64, 162.38, P<0.01). The CO2 concentration level in later monitoring time was lower than that in earlier monitoring time(β=-16.28, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Classroom CO2 concentration level in Hangzhou was closed to that in European schools, while PM2.5 concentration level was much higher. Comparing with other cities in China, classroom PM2.5 and CO2 concentration level in Hangzhou is better. The results highlighted that school location, design and routine management should be advanced consideration for good air quality in classroom.
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Objective To investigate the effects of enteral ecological nutrition on intestinal immune function and Hh protein expression in intestinal mucosa of rats with small intestinal injury and explore the mechanism. Methods Thirty male clean grade Wistar rats were selected as study subjects. The rats were randomly divided into a model group and an enteral ecotrophic group with 15 rats in each group. The small intestinal injury model was prepared by trauma method. After successful modeling, Six hours after successful establishment of the model, the rats in the two groups were fed with 753.12 kJ·kg-1·d-1 energy, 3 times a day. The rats in the model group were fed with conventional diet, while the rats in the enteral ecotrophic group were fed with enteral nutrition emulsion +Lactobacillus, bifidobacterium triple viable bacteria by intragastric administration of 1×107 cfu/d. After 10 days, the rats were killed, the small intestine of the two groups was dissected and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the morphological changes of small intestinal mucosa (villus height, glandular recess depth, mucosal thickness) were observed in the two groups; the expressions of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ positive T cells in small intestinal mucosa were evaluated by immunohistochemistry; the expression of Hh protein in small intestinal mucosa was detected by Western Blot in the two groups. Results On the first day after the establishment of the model, the weight of rats in both groups was lower than that before the modeling [model group (g): 118.0±4.2 vs. 121.7±5.2, enteral ecotrophic group (g):117.5±4.7 vs. 120.8±5.0, P > 0.05], from the fifth day after the modeling, the weight of the rats in the enteral ecotrophic group was significantly higher than that of the model group (g: 127.1±5.0 vs. 123.2±4.2, P < 0.05), continued to 10 days (g: 142.5±6.6 vs. 135.3±6.2, P < 0.05). After the establishment of the model for 10 days, the small intestinal villus height, glandular recess depth, mucosal thickness and percentages of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ positive T cells in enteral ecotrophic group were significantly higher than those in model group [villus height (μm): 221.7±25.0 vs. 159.5±20.8, glandular recess depth (μm): 79.39±12.65 vs. 67.87±7.79, mucosal thickness (μm): 254.7±51.8 vs. 209.0±27.2, CD3+: 0.193±0.035 vs. 0.125±0.031, CD4+: 0.130±0.027 vs. 0.104±0.015, CD8+: 0.165±0.026 vs. 0.137±0.027, all P < 0.05]. The expression of Hh protein in the enteral ecotrophic group was obviously higher than that in model group (Hh/β-actin: 0.16±0.04 vs. 0.04±0.02, P <0.05). Conclusion Enteral ecological nutrition may promote the repair of intestinal mucosa and the improvement of immune function level by enhancing the expression of Hh protein in small intestinal mucosa of rats with small intestinal injury.
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Objective To evaluate the changes of left ventricular hemodynamics and systolic function in patients with apical aneurysm after percutaneous ventricular restoration ( PVR) by echocardiography . Methods Fifty patients with apical aneurysm were divided into PVR group ( 25 cases) and conservative treatment group ( control group ,25 cases ) . Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography ( 2D-TTE ) combined with real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography( RT-3DTEE) were applied for all the subjects in PVR group on preoperative ,one week after operaction ,three months after operaction and in control group on initial stage of prevent ventricular remodeling therapy ,one week after therapy ,three months after therapy to obtain left ventricular end-diastolic diameter( LVEDD) ,left ventricular end-systolic diameter( LVSDD) ,left ventricular end-diastolic volume( EDV ) ,end-systolic volume( ESV ) ,left ventricular ejection fraction( LVEF) ,left ventricular fractional shortening ( LVFS ) ,body surface area ( BSA ) ,stroke volume( SV) ,stroke volume index ( SVI) ,cardiac output ( CO ) ,cardiac output index ( CI) . Results There were significant differences in all parameters( P < 0 .05) especially in LVEF and SVI( P < 0 .01) between PVR group and control group in the following three months after operaction ,while there was no significant difference of the following one week after operaction( P > 0 .05) .Compared with preoperative ,there was no difference in all parameters in the following one week after operaction ( P > 0 .05) ,there was significant increase in SV and significant reduce in LVEDD and EDV ( P < 0 .01) between preoperative and in the following three months after operaction ,while there was no significant difference between preoperative and in the following one week after operaction ( P > 0 .05 ) .For the control group there was no significant difference between initial stage of prevevt ventricular remodeling therapy and in the following one week or three months after operaction .Conclusions PVR has a definite effect on left ventricular hemodynamics and systolic function in patients with apical aneurysm in the short term ,while 2D-TTE and RT-3DTEE provides a reliable basis for clinical to evaluate the effect of the PVR .
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Objective To observe the effect of calycosin on cisplatin?induced inhibition of human gastric BGC823 cells. Methods BGC823 cells were treated with different drugs:saline,cisplatin,calycosin and cisplatin combined with calycosin. MTT assays were used to detect the prolif?eration rate of BGC823 cell. Then the protein level and RNA level of cyclin D1,CDK4 and CDK6 were detected by Western blotting and Real?time PCR. Results The proliferation inhibition rates of BGC823 cells treated with 20μg/mL cisplatin,10μg/mL meperoflavone,and combina?tion of the 2 drugs were 56.44%± 2.08%,9.52%± 2.77%and 74.44%± 0.82%,respectively. The inhibition rate of the combination of drugs was significantly higher than that of the single drug treatment group(P<0.05). In addition,we found that calycosin can significantly enhance the inhi?bition of Cyclin D1,CDK4 and CDK6 by cisplatin in protein level and RNA level. Conclusion Calycosin can significantly increase the inhibitory rate of cisplatin on BGC823 cell proliferation,and the combination of the two drugs can reduce the side effects of cisplatin.
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Objective To analyze the mechanism of pigment epithelium?derived factor(PEDF)regulation in lung cancer cell proliferation and migration by vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF). Methods VEGF expression was observed after overexpression or silencing of PEDF. Proliferation and migration were analyzed by MTT and transwell assays. Real?time PCR and Western blotting were performed to investigate the mechanism underlying PEDF regulation of the VEGF/SRC/FAK pathways. Results PEDF could inhibit the proliferation and migration of A549 cells by VEGF. Conclusion PEDF can be considered as a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Objective To detect the expression levels of RAD21(S.Pombe RAD21 homolog)in lung cancer,and assess its clinical significance and potential functions. Methods The expression level of RAD21 in lung cancer was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry meth?ods;the RAD21 mRNA expression in lung cancer was analyzed through Oncomine database;the relationship between the RAD21 expression levels and prognosis in patients with lung cancer was studied by Kaplan Meier curve;the RAD21 functions in lung cancer were predicted by using gene set enrichment analysis. Results Compared with adjacent normal tissue,the protein level of RAD21 in lung tissues were upregulated . The data from Oncomine database showed that RAD21 mRNA levels were significantly higher than the normal control groups in multiple lung cancer datasets(P<0.01);in addition,Kaplan?Meier survival curves showed that the RAD21 expression levels was correlated with the survival of patients with lung can?cer(P<0.05);gene set enrichment analysis indicated that RAD21 was mainly enriched in apoptotic signaling pathways and cell cycle regulation gene sets. Conclusion The downregulated RAD21 could be used as a biomarker to assess the prognosis of lung cancer patients. In addition, RAD21 may be involved in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis,which affects the development and progression of lung cancer.