Correlation between the distribution of intracranial and extracranial aterial lesions and risk factors in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke :a multicenter registry study / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and risk factors of intracranial and extracranial aterial lesions in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke . Methods In this multi‐center study ,2 310 continuously inpatients with ischemic stroke diagnosed in 20 stroke screening and prevention project base hospitals from June 2015 to M ay 2016 were enrolled . Carotid ultrasonography and transcranial color‐coded sonography or transcranial Doppler were performed in all patients to confirm the presence of cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion . According to the distribution of lesions ,the subjects were divided into 2 groups :the simple intracranial artery stenosis group and the simple extracranial artery stenosis group . T he difference of risk factors between the two groups was compared . Results Of the 2 310 patients with ischemic stroke ,1 516 ( 65 .6% ) had simple intracranial artery stenosis and 794 ( 34 .4% ) had simple extracranial artery stenosis . T he incidence of anterior circulation artery stenosis was higher in the group of intracranial artery stenosis than that in the extracranial artery stenosis group ( 68 .1% vs 48 .7% , P ＜0 .001) . Posterior circulation artery stenosis and combined anterior with posterior circulation artery stenosis were more common in patients with extracranial artery stenosis group than those in intracranial artery stenosis group ( 36 .4% vs 22 .1% ,14 .9% vs 9 .8% ;all P ＜0 .001) . Univariate analysis of risk factors for stroke showed that patients with intracranial arterial stenosis had a higher prevelence of hypertension , diabetes ,obesity ,and family history of stroke ,and their systolic blood pressure ,diastolic blood pressure , body mass index ( BM I) ,fasting blood‐glucose ,glycosylated hemoglobin ,triacylglycerol ,total cholesterol , and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly higher than those in the extracranial arterial stenosis group ( all P ＜ 0 .05 ) . T he proportion of elderly ( ≥ 65 years old ) ,male and smokers in the extracranial arterial stenosis group was significantly higher than that in the intracranial arterial stenosis group ( all P ＜0 .05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elderly ( ≥65 years old) ,male , and smoking history were independent risk factors for extracranial arterial stenosis ( OR＝ 2 .012 ,1 .637 , 1 .325 ,respectively ;all P ＜0 .05) . While hypertension ,diabetes ,less physical activity ,and high BM I levels were independent risk factors for simple intracranial arterial disease ( OR ＝ 1 .301 ,1 .252 ,1 .248 ,1 .030 , respectively ;all P ＜0 .05) . Conclusions There are significant differences in the distribution characteristics and risk factors of intracranial and extracranial aterial lesions in patients with ischemic stroke in China .

Research on the Equity of Secondary Allocation for Hospital Performance Based on Gini Coefficient / 中国卫生经济

Objective:To evaluate the equity of the secondary performance allocation in target hospital.Methods:Through the comparison on the Gini coefficient calculation,the calculation method of Gini coefficient developed by Jianhua Zhang was applied to estimate the secondary allocation result of performance salary in the target hospital from 2014 to 2015.Results:From 2014 to 2015,the Gini coefficient remained at 0.22 or so,the overall allocation was average.Conclusion:Estimating the Gini coefficient was beneficial for the hospital managers control the structure and level of the second performance distribution and modulate the program of the sencond performance distribution in time,so that the distribution of performance salary would be accordant to the designed program and acts as the direction of motivation.

Age characteristics and distribution of cerivocerebral large artery lesions in inpatients with cerebral ischemia:an analysis of multi-center research results / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the differences of distribution characteristics and risk factors of large artery lesions in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease in different age groups in order to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of stroke in different age groups.Methods From June 2015 to May 2016,a total of 10 711 consecutive inpatients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and ischemic stroke from 20 centers nationwide were enrolled.Each 10 years was used as an age group from 40 years.All the patients were divided into 5 age groups.The differences of the different risk factors for cerebrovascular disease among the 5 groups were compared.All patients were separated by gender.The chi square test was used to compare the incidences of large artery stenosis of the intracranial and external and anterior and posterior circulation,and the number of vascular lesions in the same sex in different age groups.Results (1) The risk factors of elderly patients were mainly hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and atrial fibrillation (χ2=61.938,χ2=13.349,and χ2=55.940;all P<0.01).The smoking history,family history of cerebrovascular disease,and obesity were more frequent among the young and middle-aged people (χ2=131.505,χ2=7.298,and χ2=100.911,all P<0.01).(2) The linear trend chi square test results showed that the proportion of multivessel diseases in female and male extracranial arterial lesions increased gradually with the increase of age.(χ2=54.799,χ2=161.370,all P<0.01).The proportion of multivessel diseases in the intracranial artery in female decreased gradually (χ2=5.328,P=0.021),and that in male did not have obvious trend of change (χ2=0.289,P=0.591).(3) The linear trend chi square test results showed that the incidence of simple intracranial arterial stenosis in female and male intracranial arterial stenosis decreased gradually with the increase of age (χ2=20.090,χ2=42.351,all P<0.01),and the incidence of simple extracranial arterial stenosis increased gradually (χ2=40.311,χ2=90.698,all P<0.01).The incidence of both intracranial and extracranial artery stenoses increased gradually (χ2=12.077,χ2=45.887,all P<0.01).The incidence of simple posterior circulation vascular stenosis increased gradually in female (χ2=16.434,P<0.01),but that did not have obvious trend of change in male (χ2=1.701,P=0.192).The incidence of stenosis of both anterior and posterior arteries in female and male increased gradually (χ2=4.587,P=0.032;χ2=35.156,P<0.01).Conclusions The distribution of atherosclerotic lesions in ischemic cerebrovascular disease of the different age groups was different.No matter female or male patients,the majority of the young and middle-aged patients were intracranial artery lesions,and the elderly patients were mainly extracranial artery lesions.The majority of elderly women had posterior circulation artery lesions.Understanding the characteristics in patients with intracranial arterial lesion in different age groups will help to develop individualized stroke prevention and treatment strategies for the population of different age groups.

Correlation between serum lipid level and carotid artery stenosis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease:a multi-center registry study / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of serum lipid level on carotid artery stenosis in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease.Methods Using a multi-center cross-sectional study,10 711 consecutive inpatients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke diagnosed clearly in 20 stroke screening and prevention project base hospitals from June 2015 to May 2016 were enrolled.According to the results of carotid ultrasonography,1 560 patients with extracranial carotid artery stenosis rate≥50% screened were enrolled in the study.They were divided into a severe stenosis group (70%-99%) and a mild-moderate stenosis group (5.80 mmol/L (7.3%[43/586]vs.0.4%[4/974]) and LDL-C>3.12 mmol/L (26.3%[154/586]vs.10.0%[97/974]) in patients of the severe stenosis group were higher than those in the mild-moderate stenosis group (26.3%[154/586]vs.10.0%[97/974]).Conclusion The high LDL-C and TC levels may increase the incidence of severe carotid artery stenosis or occlusion.

Correlation between smoking and occurrence of intracranial artery stenosis by ultrasonography:an analysis of multi-center research results / 中国脑血管病杂志

Objective To analyze the correlation between smoking and occurrence of intracranial artery stenosis.Methods From June 2015 to May 2016,a total of 10 711 inpatients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke from 20 basel hospitals of nationwide were enrolled using a cross-sectional study,76 patients with unknown smoking and smoking cessation years were excluded.Finally,a total of 10 635 patients were enrolled.Transcranial color coded sonography and/or transcranial Doppler were used evaluate the intracranial artery stenosis lesions.The basic risk factors for cerebrovascular disease (age,sex,smoking and smoking years,whether smoking cessation and years,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,atrial fibrillation,and family history of stroke) were recorded.According to the different smoking years,the smoking years were divided into five groups:non-smoking,smoking time ≤10-year,11 to 20-year,21 to 30-year,and >30-year groups for trend chi square test.According to the different smoking cessation years in the smokers,the smoking cessation years were divided into four groups:non-cessation,cessation time 1 to 10-year,11 to 20-year,and >20-year groups for trend chi square test.The effects of different smoking years and different smoking cessation years on the occurrence of intracranial arterial stenosis were analyzed.Results The incidence of intracranial artery stenosis in the smokers (40.4%[1 433/3 547]) was significantly higher than that in the non-smoking patients (29.4%[2 085/7 088]).There was significant difference (χ2=128.850,P<0.01),and the incidence of cerebral infarction in the smokers (91.6%[3 250/3 547]) was significantly higher than the non-smokers (85.0%[6 027/7 088]).There was significant difference (χ2=92.328,P<0.01).Smoking was an independent risk factor for intracranial artery stenosis (OR,1.603;95%CI 1.456-1.765;P<0.01).With the increase of smoking years,the detection rate of intracranial arterial stenosis increased gradually (trend χ2=115.437,P<0.01).Whether giving up smoking had no significant effect on the incidence of intracranial artery stenosis in patients with ≥20 years of smoking (trend χ2=1.043,P=0.307).Conclusions Smoking is an independent risk factor for affecting intracranial artery stenosis;the risk of disease increases with the number of smoking years.Long-term smokers (≥20 years) cannot reduce the effect on intracranial artery stenosis,even if they give up smoking.

The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins and their significance with the atrophy of parotid gland cells in rats / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression and correlation of Bcl-2 and Bax in the parotid gland after leading duct ligation in rats. Methods:Atrophy of the right parotid was induced by ligating the right main duct of 72 rats. Immunohistochemical labelling was performed to study the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 90, 150 and 180 days after duct ligation. Results:7 d after duct ligation most acinar cells disappeared. The distribution of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in normal parotid was in cytoplasm with unifo-maity. Bcl-2 and bax higher expression was identified in the gland at all time points. The expression of Bcl-2 protein was significantly in-creased and reached the peak at 21 d after duct ligation. More Bax-positive acinar cells on day 3 were observed, then the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein was descended. Higher Bcl-2/Bax ratio was identified at 1-21 d, then descended. Conclusion:The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax is associated with the atophy of the parotid glad after rat parotid duct ligation.

Expression of survivin and programmed cell death 5 in mucoepidermoid carcinoma and their clinical sig-nificance / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression of Survivin and programmed cell death 5(PDCD5)protein in mucoepidermoid carcinoma(MEC).Methods:Survivin and PDCD5 were detected by immunohistochemical staining in 20 cases of normal parotid tis-sue(group A),40 cases of pleomorphic adenoma(group B)and 45 cases of MEC tissues(group C).Results:The positive expres-sion ratio of Survivin in group A,B and C was 10.0%,27.5% and 55.6% respectively(χ2 =14.556,P <0.01),while that of PD-CD5 was 85%,65% and 33.3% respectively (χ2 =17.439,P <0.01).The expression of survivin or PDCD5 was related with dif-ferentiation,lymph node metastasis and TNM staging of MEC.Survivin and PDCD5 showed a negative correlation in MEC(χ2 =4.500,P =0.034,γs =-0.316).Conclusion:Survivin over-expression and PDCD5 down-expression may play a role in the de-velopment and progress of mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Construction and verification of SIRT1 and its mutant T200I, E420K eukaryotic expression vector / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To clone silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) gene full-length cDNA,construct recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing SIRT1 gene and its mutant T200I,E420K,so as to lay the foundation for further research of SIRT1 gene function.Methods RT-PCR amplified SIRT1 gene full-length cDNA.PCR products were cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 (+) through double digestion and pcDNA3.1(+)-SIRT1 recombinant plasmid was obtained.Meanwhile,site-directed mutagenesis was applied to build its mutant pcDNA3.1 (+)-T200I and pcDNA3.1 (+)-E420K expression vector.Recombinant plasmid was identified by enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing and the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector of success was screened out.Results SIRT1 gene full-length cDNA was successfully cloned,and pcDNA3.1 (+)-SIRT1 eukaryotic expression vector and its mutant were also successfully constructed.Positive recombinant plasmid sequencing was compared after enzyme digestion,and it was completely consistent with the expected sequence.Transfected 293T cell line was established and HIS tagged SIRT1 protein was expressed.Conclusions We successfully constructed pcDNA3.1 (+)-SIRT1 and its mutant pcDNA3.1 (+)-T200I,pcDNA3.1 (+)-E420K eukaryotic expression vector,which may provide genetic material for biological function study of SIRT1 gene and its mutant T200I,E420K.

Significances of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and TGF-β1 expression in oral carcinoma / 实用口腔医学杂志

Immunohisto-chemical S-P method was used to examine the expression of E-cadherin,Vimentin and TGF-β1 in 54 cases oral carcinoma and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa.The positive rates of the expression of E-cadherin,Vimentin and TGF-β1 were 55.6%, 33.33% and 59.3%,respectively in oral carcinoma group(vs normal oral mucosa,P <0.05).The expression of TGF-β1 was correlated with lymph node metastasis,and showed significant positive correlation with Vimentin.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition may promote inva-sion and metastasis of oral carcinoma,and TGF-β1 promotes EMT.

Kaino-sinus syndrome: a case report / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Kaino-sinus syndrome is one new complication of endoscopic sinus surgery. The patient had an operation of endoscopic surgery, because he was suffered from an illness of frontal nasal inverted papilloma again. After operation he was suffering pain in left epicanthal folds and frontal part, and had dry scab in nasal cavity when he breathed cold air. The symptoms could relieve by blocking prenaris. We found he had a big aperture of frontal sinus and dry scab in nasal endoscopic examination. His symptoms disappeared after cleaning and washing accessory nasal cavity by salt water.

Changes in the number and distribution of myoepithelial cells during atrophy of rat parotid gland / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes in the number and distribution of myoepithelial cells during atrophy of the rat parotid gland.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Atrophy of the right parotid was induced by ligating the right stensen duct of rats, histological changes of parotid glands were examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining during each step of glandular atrophy at the time of 0 (control), 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 30, 60, 100, and 150 days after ligation. Immunohistochemical labelling was performed to study the changes in number and distribution of myoepithelial cells during atrophy of the rat parotid gland.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Histological analysis showed disappearance of the acini at 5 d and gradual decrease and fibrosis of the glandular lobules accompanied by the occurrence of duct-like structures. Quantitative analysis of myoepithelial cells showed significant increase in number up to day 5 after ligation, then followed by gradual increases at a low level, at last it was followed by a rapid decrease after the total number reached the peak in 100 days. In addition, the acini and intercalated ducts were covered by myoepithelial cells ranged from the shape of spindle to stellate during the early phase of atrophy, while spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells were located at the periphery of duct-like structures in the later phase of atrophy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Myoepithelial cells proliferated rapidly up to day 5 after ligation, then followed by gradual increase at a low level, at last it was followed by a rapid decrease after the total number reached the peak in 100 days.</p>

Protective effect of rosiglitazone against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To study the protective effect of different doses of rosiglitazone (RSG)against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats．Methods Forty male sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following groups：sham-operation，control，lowdose RSG(1 mg/kg·d)，moderate-dose(2 mg/kg·d)，high-dose(4 mg/kg·d)goups(n=8 in each grow)．A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 hours and reperfusion for 22 hours were induced by the intraluminal suture method．An automatie biochemical analyzer was used to detect the blood glucose and lipid levels．A solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum insulin levels，and the insulin sensitivity indexes were calculated．The effect of rosiglitazone on infarct volume and behavioristics was observed．Results Compared with the control group，the infarct volume was significantly reduced，and the neurological function scores were improved significantly in each RSG group(P<0．05 or P<0．01)．The insulin sensitivity was significantly increased(P<0．05 or P<0．01)，and hyperglycemia was reduced significantly after cerebral ischemia(P<0．05)and showed a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions RSG has obvious neuroprotective effect against cerebral ischemia／repeffusion injury in rats．Its mechanism may be associated with the increase of insulin sensitivity．

The clinical and social factors associated with functional disturbance of acute hemiparetic stroke patients / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To investigate the prognostic factors of life and functional outcome of the first hemiparetic stroke patients. Methods One hundred and eighteen stroke subjects were registered prospectively. The Barthel index (BI) , Rankin scale (RS) , Mortricity index(MI) , Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) , Montgomery-Asberg depression scale (MADRS) and a scale of general state and risk factors were used to evaluate at the 48th hour, the 15th day and the 90th day after stroke. Results The patients' performance, as demonstrated by their scores with all the evaluation instruments, changed significantly at all the time points of evaluation after stroke (P ＜0.05). There was no significant difference between the performance at the 48th hour and the 15th day after stroke ( P ＞ 0.05 ). But at the 90th day after stroke, the activity of daily living performance and the depression status recovered significantly (P ＜ 0.01 ). Logistic regression analysis showed that, such factors as pneumonia, urinary incontinence within 48th hour and deep sensation disturbance might adversely influence patients' activity of daily living performance at the 90th day after stroke; the muscle strength of upper extremities at the 48th hour, and MMSE scores at the 15th day after stroke acted as the protective factors. Conclusions The stroke patients improved significantly with regard to their clinical and functional manifestations when evaluated 90 days after stroke onset. The main factors influencing the activity of daily living performance 90 days after stroke onset included deep sensation disturbance,pneumonia, urinary incontinence and muscles strength of upper extremities at 48th hour, and MMSE scores at the 15th days after onset.

Protective effects of remote organ ischemic preconditioning on cerebral ischamia / 国际脑血管病杂志

Remote organ ischemic preconditioning is to conduct a transient and sublethal ischemic adaptation in non-vital organs before occurring cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in remote vital organs. Remote organ iscbemic preconditioning has been studied for as long as 15 years in the field of myocardial iscbemia. However, only recently it has become a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, This article briefly reviews the methods and mechanisms involved in the protective effects of cerebral ischemia of remote organ ischemic preconditioning.

The common targets of preconditioning and postconditioning in the treatment of cerebral ischemia / 国际脑血管病杂志

As an endogenous organism protective measure in vivo, preconditioning/ postconditioning in the process of ischemia/reperfusion may play common protective mechanisms, such as reducing the generation of oxygen free radicals, activating adenosine receptor, increasing endogenous nitric oxide and heat shock protein, inhibiting immune inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis, activating intracellular signal transduction pathways, opening mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels, as veil as closing mitochondrial permeability transition pores. Investigating the common target of these mechanisms may provide a new theoretical basis for developing new drugs and reducing ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Effect of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α on Early Formation of Brain Edema During Intracerebral Hemorrhage / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)in perihematomal brain tissue on the early formation of edema in patients with hyper-tensive intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:The perihematomal brain tissue in 32 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were treated with hematoma evacuation.The expressions of HIF-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)were measured by immunohistochem- istry staining technique.The volume of perihematomal edema was determined on the basis of reoperative head CT scan.The results of staining and the volume of edema were analyzed by using double-blind method.Resets:Neuron and vascular endothelial cell swelling were observed 4 hours after cerebral hemorrhage,and the scattered HIF-1α positive neurons were visible.The expressions of HIF-1α reached the peak(at 24 to 48 hours,and went on high expressions at 49 to 72 hours.There was significant difference as compared with the normal brain tissue(P＜0.01). There were positive correlations between the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF (r=0.72,t=6.37,P＜0.01)and the volume of brain edema(r=0.64,t=4.56,P＜0.01).Conclusions: The expression of HIF-1α in perihematomal brain tissue of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage iS associated with the early formation of cerebral edema.HIF-1α may accelerate the formation of brain edema by inducing and regulating the expression of VEGF.

Changes of auditory evoked potential P50 of sensory gating in model rats with Alzheimer disease / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Auditory evoked potential P50 (AEP-P50) is a cerebroeilectrophysiological index to directly reflect normal inhibitory function of brain.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of AEP-P50 of sensory gating (SG)in model rats with Alzheimer disease (AD).DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Neuroscience Institute of Kunming Medical College.MATERIALS: A total of 24 healthy female SD rats, aged 4-6 months,weighing 200-300 g, were randomly divided into experimental group, control group and normal group with 8 in each group. Morris water maze was consisted of round pool and lucite plant. Pool was divided into platform,left, right and bilateral quadrants. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Neuroscience Institute of Kunming Medical College from September 2003 to March 2005. ① Experimental group: Bilateral fimbria-fornix was transected to induce AD models; control group: Except fimbria-fornix, cortex and callus were transected; normal group: Rats were not treated with any operation. ② One week after modeling, all rats were tested with Morris water maze which contained localizing navigational ability and spatial seeking ability in order to determine successful models. Each rat was trained 4 times a day for successive 5 days. The duration from putting in pool to finding out platform was regarded as the escape latency (EL) which could reflect localizing navigational ability. Swimming trace of rats which searched platform within 1 minute could reflect spatial seeking ability. ③ AEP-P50 was recorded with "condition (C)-test (T)" auditory double clicks stimuli, additionally,differences of AEP-P50 among the three groups were compared at the same time. C-P50 amplitude, T-P50 amplitude, T/C and absolute value of difference of S2-S1 amplitude were calculated. Measurement data were compared with one-way analysis of variance among groups and with t test intergroup.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morris water maze, I.e., comparison between localizing navigational ability a nd spatial seeking ability; ② comparison of AEP-P50 of rats among three groups.RESULTS: All 24 rats were involved in the fin al analysis. ① results of Morris water maze: With increase of training time, mean latency was shortened. The latency was decreased in the first 3 days and then stabilized gradually. Latency in experimental group was longer than that in normal group and control group (P ＜ 0.05). Swimming traces in normal group and control group were located at platform quadrant, and they were accounted for 45.23% and 39.7% of total quadrant, respectively. There was significant difference as compared with other quadrants (P ＜ 0.01). Swimming traces of rats in experimental group were accounted for 28.31%, 29.84%,20.47% and 21.38% in platform, right, bilateral and left quadrants, respectively; however, there was not significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). Swimming trace was randomly located in four quadrants. ② Results of AEP-P50 of SG: C-P50 amplitude and absolute value of difference of S2-S1 amplitude were (21.00±2.85), (15.26±4.07) μV in control group and (17.04±5.32), (10.85 ±4.24) μV in normal group, which were obviously higher than those in experimental group [(9.67±3.77), (2.89±2.61) μV, P ＜ 0.01].T-P50 amplitude and C-P50 amplitude were 0.25±0.18 in control group and 0.39±0.16 in normal group, which were lower than those in experimental group (0.92±0.41, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: ① Transection of bilateral fimbria-fornix can be used to establish AD animal models successfully. ② AD model rats whose bilateral fimbria-fornix is transected have deficiency of SG.

Significance of p53 and C-erbB-2 expression in endemic and AIDS-related Kaposi’s sarcoma in Africa / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To study the significance of p53 protein, p53mRNA, and C erbB 2 protein expressions in Africa endemic and AIDS related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS).Methods:Immunohistochemistry and hybridization in situ were performed with p53 and C erbB 2 in 30 cases with endemic and AIDS related KS.The degree of pasitivity of p53 and C erbB 2 in KS tissues were measured with image analysis system. KS was classified into three types, i.e., angiomatous type, spindle cell type, and mixed type according to the proportion of blood vessel components and spindle cells in the lesions.Results:The degree of positivity of p53 protein was stronger in spindle cell type than that in angiomatous type ( P

Effects of ischemic postconditioning on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To study the effects of ischemic postconditioning on cerebral ischemia following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. METHODS: 21 rats were randomly divided into three groups: middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), MCAO+transient unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (u-CCA-O), MCAO+transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (b-CCA-O)(n=7, respectively). u-CCA-O/b- CCA-O was generated by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion plus transient unilateral/bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion. After the suture was removed, ischemic postconditioning was performed by occluding CCA for 10s, reperfusion 10s, and then allowing for another 4 cycles of 10s of reperfusion and 10s of CCA occlusion. Rats were sacrificed 2 d later and infarct size was measured. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured in different 15 time points: 0 min, 10 min, 1 h after MCA occlusion, 0 min after MCA reperfusion, 10s of CCA occlusion and 10s of CCA reperfusion in all five cycles, 30 min after MCA reperfusion. Functional neurological outcome was determined 1 h and 48 h after reperfusion. Infarct volume was measured 48 h after reperfusion. RESULTS: The infarct volumes in u-CCA-O group and b-CCA-O group diminished compared to the control group. The results of CBF demonstrated that b-CCA-O group diminished 9% compared with control and u-CCA-O group when 30 min after intervention. The rats in u-CCA-O and b-CCA-O group had better neurological performance at 1 h after reperfusion. CONCLUSION: Ischemic postconditioning reduces infarct size, improves functional neurological outcome, most plausibly by diminishing cerebral blood flow.

A Clinical Dynamic Observation and Correlative Study of TCD and fVEP in Acute ICH / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the cerebral regularity of dynamic charge and the correlation with intracranial pressure(ICP),clinical seriousness and prognosis on acute stage of intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) patients by transcranial Doppler(TCD).Methods 54 patients with first acute supratentorial ICH 24h after onset were studied.All patients were dynamic evaluated by beside TCD on 1st,7th,21st day.The correlation of TCD with ICP,MESSS were studied.Results On the 1st day the TCD abnormity of the acute phase of the ICH occurred mainly in the anterior circulation of cerebrum,in which the cardinal manifestation was high-resistance,low-flow velocity blood waveforms,especially on the bleeding side.Continuous TCD monitoring revealed the low velocity of the cerebral blood flow increased;meanwhile the high value of PI decreased gradually and the TCD monitoring was within the normal range three weeks after the attack.The ICP had negative correlation with the VmMCA,positive correlation with the PI value.MESSS scale had negative correlation with the VmMCA,positive correlation with the PI value.Conclusions The TCD examination can be used to monitor the cerebral hemodynamics of the patients suffering from intracerebral hemorrhage.The combination of fVEP and TCD facilitate the evaluation of the dynamic changes of ICP so as to instruct lowering the ICP.