ABSTRACT
Objective To provide theoretical basis and data support for cleft lip and palate sequence therapy by analyzing the psychological status and characteristics of 7-15 years old children with Cleft Lip or Palate. Me thods 65 cases of 7-15 years old children with Cleft Lip or Palate who were in-patients of the 2 nd people's hospital of Yunnan province from Oct 2014 to Dec 2016 accepted two questionnaires survey: Self-esteem scale and social avoidance and distress scale. Re s ults (1) the proportion of high, moderate and low self-esteem was 27.7％, 49.2％ and 23.1％, respectively, and the average score of male and female self-esteem was 29.818 2 and 27.285 7 respectively (P ＜ 0.05); (2) The mean value of social avoidance and distress in children with cleft lip and palate of mean value was 11.492 3 and 11.492 3, respectively, which have significant differences with value "9"; the mean value between male and female of social avoidance were 10.772 7 and 13.000 0, and of social distress were 11.659 1 and 11.659 1, respectively, in both cases there is no significant difference between male and female (P＞0.05). Conclusion The distributions of self-esteem of children with cleft lip and palate were normal, and compared with the theoretical distribution, there was no significant difference. Male children had significantly higher self-esteem than female. Children with cleft lip and palate were more avoidant and anxious, and there was no significant difference between males and females.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the family function and simple coping style of parents with cleft lip and palate, and to promote the improvement of their emotional and family problems, and to provide some basis for the prevention of psychological problems in children with cleft lip and palate. Methods A total of 79 parents of cleft lip and cleft palate children under 6 years old were surveyed by means of family function scale and simple coping style scale.Results The was statistical significance in the correlation analysis of family function scale, solve the problem of (r=0.237, P ＜ 0.05), behavioral control (r=0.267, P ＜ 0.05). Simple coping style scale correlation analysis of positive coping in age of parents and parents showed significant statistical difference (r=-0.246, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Parents of children with cleft lip and palate have poor ability to deal with emotional reaction and problem solving when stimulating, such as emotional and emotional expression and confession, family members' lack of information communication and language communication, etc, in the face of unexpected events and dangerous situations, the behavior control model is not good, and it is easy to be at a loss; and the older parents are, the fewer positive coping styles they take. The family function and coping style of parents are of great significance to the physical and mental health of children with cleft lip and palate, and psychological intervention should be carried out in time.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Sevoflurane preconditioning (SP) has been shown to invoke potent myocardial protection in animal studies and clinical trials. However, the mechanisms underlying SP are complex and not yet well understood. We investigated the hypothesis that the cardioprotection afforded by SP is mediated via the Wnt/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two models were established: a Langendorff perfused rat heart model and the H9C2 cell hypoxia/reoxygenation model. Both rats and H9C2 cells were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: S group, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group, DMSO group, IWP group, SP group, and SP + IWP group. Hemodynamic parameters, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in coronary effluent and cell culture supernatant, and the infarct size were measured to evaluate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injuries. To determine the activity of Wnt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, the expressions of Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3β, and β-catenin were measured by Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SP improved cardiac function recovery, reduced infarct size (18 ± 2% in the SP group compared with 35 ± 4% in the I/R group; P < 0.05), decreased LDH activity in coronary effluent, and culture supernatant. IWP-2, an inhibitor of Wnt, abolished the cardioprotection by SP. In addition, Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the expressions of Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3β, and β-catenin significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the I/R group, compared with the S group; and compared to I/R group, SP significantly (P < 0.05) increased Wnt3a, phospho-GSK3β, and β-catenin expressions. Pretreatment with IWP-2 significantly (P < 0.05) abolished SP-induced Wnt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling activation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results showed for thefirst time that cardioprotection afforded by SP may be mediated partly via the Wnt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.</p>