ABSTRACT
The chemical constituents of Viburnum taitoense Hayata were investigated using column chromatography silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, etc. Seven pentacyclic triterpenoids were isolated and their structures were elucidated by spectral data and physicochemical properties as 3β,6β-dihydroxy olean-11,13(18)-dien-28-acid (1), 3β-hydroxy olean-11,13(18)-diene-28-acid (2), 12-ene-olean-28-acid-3β-palmitate (3), 3β-acetylcocodiol (4), corosolic acid (5), uvaol (6) and ursolic acid (7). Among them, compound 1 is a new oleanane type triterpenoid and its absolute configuration was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Compounds 2-5 were isolated from this genus for the first time. All the compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, and compound 5 showed significant inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells with an IC50 of 25.52 ± 0.56 μmol·L-1 when compared to the positive control, quercetin (IC50 of 25.46 ± 0.62 μmol·L-1).
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AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous content determination of huperzine A and huperzine B from seventeen species Huperzioideae subfamily (including 2 ineditus new species).METHODS The analysises of tartaricacid extracts of huperzine A and huperzine B were performed on a room temperature column (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of methanol-spiritus mindereri flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a isocratic elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 310 nm.The contents were determined by external standards.RESULTS Huperzine A and huperzine B showed good linear relationships within 0.002 0-0.30 μg,0.001 8-0.27 μg (r=0.999 9),whose average recoveries were 103.86％,101.3％ with the RSDs of 1.85％,1.30％,respectively.Huperzine A and huperzine B were found in seventeen species,and there were significant differences in contents from species to species.The content of huperzine A in Phlegmariurus hamiltonii was the highest,which reached up to 0.22％,with higher levels of it in Phlegmariurus cryptomerianus,Phlegmariurus petiolatus,and Phlegmariurus phlegmaria;The content of huperzine B was the highest in P.phlegmaria.CONCLUSION This accurate,stable and reproducible method can be used for the quality control of huperzine A and B from Huperzioideae subfamily.
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In this study, DNA barcoding was used to validate the traditional morphological classification of medicinal plants of Orchidaceae. The 163 samples of 135 species belong to 49 genera which have been confirmed by morphological identification were collected. Candidate sequences, including matK, psbA-trnH and ITS2 sequences, were amplified, bidirectionally sequenced, and assembled. All the sequences were blasted to GenBank database at NCBI, then analyzed using Neighbor-joining tree method by MEGA 7.0. The results showed that the DNAs of 163 samples were successfully extracted. The amplification efficiency of matK, psbA-trnH and ITS2 sequences were 100%, 100% and 98.77%, respectively. The 487 sequences were obtained, 345 sequences of which have matched corresponding sequences in the GenBank database and 142 sequences were new sequences. The topology of NJ tree which were constructed with the matK sequences was better than the trees of psbA-trnH and ITS2 sequences. In conclusion, the matK, psbA-trnH and ITS2 sequences were complementary and suitable for identification of medicinal plants of Orchidaceae. DNA barcoding can be used as an auxiliary means for identification of medicinal plants of Orchidaceae.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective mechanisms of Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae (RSM) on chronic alcoholic liver injury in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The chronic alcoholic liver injury mouse model was established. The morphologic change of hepatic tissue was observed with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining; the levels of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) mRNA in hepatic tissue and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique; and the expression of TLR-4 protein was determined by immunohistochemistry method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>RSM could alleviate the fatty degeneration and adiponecrosis of hepatic cells induced by alcohol, down-regulate the expressions of TLR-4 mRNA and HO-1 mRNA, and significantly decrease the number of TLR-4 positive cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RSM could prevent liver injury from alcohol by way of influencing TLR-4 signal transcription.</p>