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Objective To evaluate biomechanical properties of the personalized titanium alloy short femoral prosthesis by finite element analysis. Methods Based on the validated femoral finite element model, the base of the femoral neck was simulated, and by inserting different short femoral prostheses, four total hip replacement (THR) models, namely, the SMF stem model (Model A), BE1 stem model (Model B), MINI stem model (Model C) and personalized stem model (Model D) were established, respectively. The same loads and constraints were applied to four groups of models, and the von Mises stress distribution and deformation were calculated and analyzed, so as to compare mechanical stability of each model. Results The deformation of all THR models was smaller than that of the femur model under physiological state. The deformation of Model B was close to that of Model C, and the deformation of Model A was close to that of Model D. The peak stress of Model C was higher than that of the other 3 models, reaching 9555 MPa. The overall stress trend was Model C > Model B > Model D> Model A > Model under physiological state. Conclusions The peak stress, stress distribution of personalized short femoral stem were similar to that of SMF stem, with reasonable stress distribution, small stress shielding of the proximal femur, minimum overall deformation and shear stress of the prosthesis, and its effectiveness and stability could meet the requirements of human biomechanics, which could provide references for joint surgeons and prosthesis researchers.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To characterize the complete genome sequence of coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5)A210/KM/09 strain which was isolated from Yunnan, China, 2009.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eight overlapping clones covering the whole viral genome (excluding the poly-A tail)were obtained by RT-PCR and sequenced, with their nucleotide and amino acid sequences compared with other known CVB5 strains.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The genome of the CVB5 A210/KM/09 strain had 7 372 nucleotides in length, and containing a 742-nt non-translated region (NTR) at the 5' end and a 98-nt NTR at the 3' end. The entire open reading frame contained 6 555 nt, encoding a 2 185-aa polyprotein. In the coding region, there appeared no nucleotide deletion or insertion, but some changes of amino acid seemed unique. Based on the complete genome sequence alignments, CVB5 isolate A210/KM/09 strain showed the highest nucleotide (92.5%) and amino acid (97.3%) identities to the CVB5/CC10/10. It also shared nucleotide (80.1%-92.5%) and amino acid (95.0%-97.3%) homology with other CVB5 strains: 17Y, 19CSF, 20CSF, 1954/85/US, 2000/CSF/KOR, 03001N, CoxB5/Henan/2010, VB5/SD/09 and Faulkner. Blast between genome fragments, A210/KM/09 showed similarity on nucleotide (80.1%-92.5%) and amino acid (95.0%-97.3%) identities with other CVB5 strains. The phylogenetic tree, constructed on the complete VP1 regions, indicated that CVB5 could be divided into genotype A, B, C and D. while Genotype C and D could be further divided into C1-C4 and D1-D4 subgenotypes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A210/KM/09 and other CVB5 predominant strains isolated in China belonged to CVB5 subgenotype C4.</p>
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Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , China , Epidemiology , Encephalitis, Viral , Epidemiology , Virology , Enterovirus B, Human , Genetics , Genome, Viral , GenotypeABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the curative effect of ilio-inguinal and Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approach internal fixation and reduction in the treatment of acetabular fractures in a floppy lateral position.Methods A retrospective study was done on 31 patients treated from February 2005 to March 2009,including 15 patients with complex acetabular fractures treated with ilio-inguinal and K-L approach internal fixation and reduction in a floppy lateral position ( Group A) and 16 patients with complex acetabular fractures treated with anterior ilio-inguinal approach and posterior K-L approach internal fixation and successive reduction in a floppy lateral position Group B).Operation time,intra-operative blood loss,number of X-ray fluoroscopy times,degree of postoperative reduction,results of Merled' Aubigne and Postel scores as well as the rate of postoperative complications were recorded.Results All the patients were followed up for 15-27 months.In Groups A and B,the operation time was for ( 176 ± 17 ) minutes and ( 196 ± 23 ) minutes ( P ＜ 0.05 ),the intra-operative blood loss for ( 880 ± 16) ml and (874 ± 19) ml (P＞0.05),the number of X-ray fluoroscopy times for 6 ±2 and 14 ±6 respectively ( P ＜ 0.05 ).According to Mata analysis standard,the postoperative fracture reduction was anatomical in 11 patients (73％),good in three and poor in one in Group A; while the postoperative fracture reduction was anatomic in nine patients 56％ ),good in five and poor in two in Group B.The rate of anatomical reduction between the two groups had statistical difference (t =2.731,P ＜ 0.05 ).The modified Merled' Aubigne and Postel score system showed excellence rate of joint function of 93％ ( 14/15 ) in Group A and 75％ (12/16) in Group B,with statistical difference ( x2 =15.292,P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in the aspect of postoperative complications between the two groups,such as heterotopic ossification,traumatic arthritis,avascular necrosis of the femoral head,nerve injury and so on.Conclusions In a floppy lateral position,combined ilio-inguinal and K-L approach internal fixation and reduction takes advantages of sufficient exposure,good reduction,strong fixation,short operation time and few complications in the treatment of certain complex acetabular fractures,while its long-term effects are worthy of further clinical researches.
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Objective To compare the clinic effect of the locking compression plate (LCP) fixation and the anatomical plate in treatment of high-energy distal tibial fractures. Methods The study involved 42 patients with high-energy distal tibial fractures treated between May 2003 and May 2009. The anatomical plate group included 24 patients ( 16 males and 8 females, at average age of 39 years), of whom there were 13 patients with type A fractures, five with type B and six with type C according to the AO/ASIF classification. The LCP group included 18 patients ( 15 males and 3 females, at average age of 40 years), of whom there were 11 patients with type A fractures, three with type B and four with type C according to the AO/ASIF classification. All the patients were followed up for 8-17 months. Their functional and radiographic outcomes were collected. The operation time, intra-operative blood loss, X-ray exposure, bone healing time, post-operative complications and therapeutic effects were compared between both groups. Mazur's criteria was used to evaluate the function of the ankle. Results The LCP group was followed up for average 11.6 months and the anatomical plate group for average 14.2 months, which showed fracture healing in all the patients. The bone graft in the anatomical plate group was used more frequently than the LCP group, while the X-ray exposure in the LCP group was much more than that in the anatomical plate group. The operation time, incision size, blood loss, postoperative complications and radiographic bone healing time in the LCP group were significantly less than those in the anatomical plate group. Conclusions Both the LCP and anatomical plate are effective methods for the high energy distal tibial fractures. LCP has advantages of less trauma, quick fracture healing and less complications, is consistent with the biomechanics of internal fixation and hence is an ideal method for the treatment of the high-energy tibial fractures.
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Objective To investigate the angiogenesis characteristics of normal breast,simple hyperplasia,atypical hyperplasia,intraductal carcinoma in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma.Methods Twenty cases in normal controls,20 cases with simple hyperplasia,20 cases with atypical hyperplasia,20 cases with intraductal carcinoma in situ and 30 cases with invasive ductal carcinoma were inspected with power Doppler imaging(PDI)and contrast enhanced microvascular imaging(MVI)on the quantity,configuration and distribution of angiogenesis.The microvessel density(MVD)were detected by immunohistochemical technique.ResultsWith the progression of breast cancer,MVD and grades of PDI kept increasing.Meanwhile,the blood vessels became twisted and increased in quantity with expansion into the lesion,the configuration of blood vessels became disordered.However,the changes mentioned above were not obvious in the very early stages.they became significant from the atypical hyperplasia(AH)stage.Conclusions Contrast MVI and PDI may be useful to screen high risk population with high risk of breast cancer due to their detection of changes in angiogenesis of breast carcinoma and precancerous lesions.
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Objective To study methods and effect of granule bone grafting into the vertebral pedicle pyramid under endoscope for treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. Methods There were 26 cases (7 males and 19 females; age range of 32 79 years, average 51.2 years) with thoracolumbar fractures. The fractures included 8 cases (30.8%) of thoracolumbar compression burst fractures with no compression of the spinal cord by broken bone fragments and 18 (69.2%) compression fractures due to senile osteoporosis. Posterior to a preliminary reduction of the lumbar region on the operating table, all cases underwent vaginal vertebral pedicle reduction under endoscope and autogenous or hererogeneous granule bone graft in order to restore the height of the fractured vertebra pyramid. The patients kept in bed for two months postoperatively; meanwhile, the excise for the back muscle was performed. Results The mean follow up period was 3 18 months. Twenty one cases (80.8%) got excellent therapeutic result, four (15.4%) moderate and one (3.8%) poor. (1) The vertebral height recovered average 29%, with mean height loss of 5% through six month follow up. (2) The posterior convex cobb angle of the spine recovered for 10? 20? (mean 13.8?). (3) No lumbago or nerve compression symptoms were found in 21 cases. Conclusions Granule bone graft into vertebra pyramid under endoscope in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures is a minimally invasive procedure that can enhance the bone capacity of the vertebra, alleviate pain, restore the height of the fractured vertebra pyramid and accelerate bone healing.
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Objective To examine the effect of target muscle injection with different dosages of Methycobal in the sciatic nerve regeneration of adult rats so as to determine a better method and proper dosage of Methycobal for clinical treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Methods A total of 30 healthy Wistar rats were employed to make sciatic nerve injury model through immediate suture of the adventitia posterior to transection of the left sciatic nerve. The rats were divided randomly into three groups, ie, high dosage group (Methycobal for 300 ?g/kg, Group A), low dosage group (Methycobal for 100 ?g/kg, Group B) and control group (1 ml normal saline once a day, Group C),10 rats in each group. At 4 and 8 weeks, 5 rats from each group were taken to observe the effect of different dosages of Methycobal on rat sciatic nerve regeneration, where the detection indices included morphological changes and image analysis of sciatic nerves by optic and electron microscopic investigations as well as tricipital muscle wet weight. Results Four weeks after operation, tricipital muscle wet weight was (1.367?0.012) g in the Group A, (1.164? 0.011) gin the Group B and (0.950?0.009) g in the Group C, with significant difference among groups A, B and C (P
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Objective To examine the changes of brain inhibitory neurotransmitters and their precursors with glutamine supplement. The hypothesis is that the supplement of glutamine may delay the fatigue of central nervous system involved in exercise. Methods Rats were suffered with exhaustion treadmill running after different dosages of glutamine supplement of twenty days duration and sacrificed right after the running. Rat free tryptophan (F-Trp), branched chain amino acids (BCAA) in serum and brain, glucose in serum, and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the brain had been quantified with the double blind procedure. Results The results showed that the serum glutamine had no statistical significance among each group. The ratios of F-Trp/BCAA in the serum and brain were lower significantly in large dosage group than the placebo group. The 5-HT level of large dosage group was lower significantly than the other groups, while serum glucose was significantly higher than all the other groups. The ratios of F-Trp/BCAA in the brain were lower significantly in small dosage glutamine supplement rats than the other groups. Conclusion The results suggest that glutamine supplement take advantage of the balance of serum glutamine level. Glutamine supplement improves rat central nerves performance in long time treadmill running, that may due to the decrease of precursor of inhibitory neurotransmitter and itself, and large dosage supplement is more effective than small one.