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Objective:To explore the relationship between the expression of angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1) and Smadhomolog 9 (Smad9) genes in cancer tissues and tumor metastasis, invasion behavior and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:Sixty patients with lung adenocarcinoma in Chengwu Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from October 2018 to December 2019 were selected as the research objects. The expressions of ANGPT1 and Smad9 mRNA in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were compared, as well as the expressions of ANGPT1 and Smad9 mRNA in cancer tissues of patients with different tumor metastasis and invasion behaviors. The relationship between ANGPT1 and Smad9 mRNA expression and tumor metastasis and invasion behavior of lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed, and the 1-year survival rate of patients with lung adenocarcinoma was calculated. The 1-year survival rate of patients with different ANGPT1 and SMAD9 mRNA expression levels were compared.Results:The relative expression of ANGPT1 mRNA and Smad9 mRNA in cancer tissues were lower than those in adjacent tissues: 2.45 ± 0.26 vs. 11.18 ± 0.93, 4.23 ± 0.31 vs. 7.58 ± 0.65, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). There were significant differences in the relative gene expression of ANGPT1 and Smad9 mRNA in different clinical stages, tumor diameter, degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and pleural invasion ( P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression of ANGPT1 and Smad9 mRNA were negatively correlated with clinical stage, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis and pleural invasion ( r = - 0.517, - 0.539, - 0.606, - 0.679, P<0.05), and positively correlated with the degree of differentiation ( r = 0.628, P<0.05). The 1-year survival rate of 58 patients was 72.41%. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis showed that the 1-year survival rate of patients with low expression of ANGPT1 and Smad9 mRNA in cancer tissues were were lower than those in patients with high expression ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Down-regulation of ANGPT1 and Smad9 genes in cancer tissues will accelerate the metastasis and invasion behavior of lung adenocarcinoma. Up-regulating the expression of both genes can be a potential way to improve survival.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the intervention effects and potential mechanism of Miao medicine Toddalia asiatica on cardiovascular damage in rats with collagen-induced arthritis （CIA） based on vitamin D （VD） and neutrophil extracellular traps （NETs）. METHODS SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group （9 rats） and the modeling group （61 rats）. CIA model was prepared by multi-point injection of type Ⅱ bovine collagen+Fisher’s incomplete adjuvant； the model rats were randomly divided into the model group， methotrexate group （positive control， 1.5 mg/kg， twice a week）， vitamin D group [pathway validation， 1 000 IU/（kg·d）， once a day]， T. asiatica low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups [0.54， 1.08， 2.16 g/（kg·d）， calculated by crude drug， once a day]， with 9 rats in each group； they were given relevant medicine intragastrically for 4 consecutive weeks. Arthritis index scoring was performed after modeling and before administration， and plantar thickness was measured before and after the last administration； the histopathological changes of ankle joint， heart and abdominal aorta were observed in rats； the serum contents of myeloperoxidase （MPO）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25（OH）D3] were detected； the expressions of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 （PAD4）， NETs markers [citrullinated histone H3（CitH3）， MPO]， VD-related indicators [vitamin D receptor （VDR）， 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase （CYP27B1）] and IL-6 were determined in cardiac tissue. RESULTS Compared with the normal group， the plantar thickness of the arthritis index increased significantly in the model group （P＜0.01）. The obvious inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue hyperplasia were found in the ankle joint， the obvious myocardial fiber （No.2019YFC171250101） vacuoles and thickening of some surrounding blood vessel walls were found in the heart tissue， and the endothelial detachment was found in the abdominal aorta. The contents of MPO and IL-6 in serum increased significantly（P＜0.01），while the level of 25（OH）D3 decreased significantly （P＜0.01）； the protein expressions of PAD4， CitH3， MPO and IL-6 in myocardial tissue up-regulated significantly （P＜0.01）， while protein expression of VDR and CYP27B1 changed to acertain extent without significance （P＞0.05）. Compared with the model group， the pathological changes of ankle joints and cardiac tissue in rats were significantly improved in administration groups， and the above indicators were generally reversed （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS T. asiatica can improve rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and cardiovascular damage by inhibiting the formation of NETs and inflammatory response， the mechanism of which may be associated with the regulation of VD expression.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Bufeitang on intestinal flora of rats with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD）， and to explore the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating intestinal flora and thus restoring the balance of lung-gut axis. MethodA total of 84 rats were randomly divided into 7 groups， including blank group， model group， fecal bacterial transplantation（FMT） group， dexamethasone group and low， medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang， 12 rats in each group. Except for the blank group， cigarette and sawdust fumigation combined with intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide（LPS） were used to establish the COPD rat model with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome in all other groups. The low， medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang were intragastric administrated with Bufeitang（3.645， 7.29， 14.58 g·kg-1）， the FMT group was given fecal bacteria liquid enema（10 mL·kg-1）， dexamethasone group was given dexamethasone acetate tablet suspension by gavage（0.135 mg·kg-1）， the blank group and model group were given equal amount of distilled water. Fresh feces were collected after 28 d of continuous intervention for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Lung and colon tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin（HE） for pathomorphological observation， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was performed to detect the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-8（IL-8） in lung tissues. ResultCompared with the blank group， the model group showed severe abnormal lung tissue structure with alveolar atrophy and collapse accompanied by severe inflammatory cell infiltration. Compared with the model group， the extent of injury was significantly improved， and inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced with basically normal alveolar structure in the high dose group of Bufeitang. Compared with the blank group， the model group had severely abnormal colonic tissue structure， the epithelial cells in the mucosal layer were eroded and shed， the number of inflammatory cells increased， the submucosal layer was edematous and the gap was enlarged. Compared with the model group， the extent of damage was significantly improved in the medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang， the epithelial cells in the mucosal layer were neatly and closely arranged， with only a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and no significant degeneration. Compared with the blank group， the TNF-α and IL-8 levels of lung tissue in the model group were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the TNF-α and IL-8 levels of lung tissues in the low， medium and high dose groups of Bufeitang were significantly decreased（P<0.01）. Bufeitang significantly modulated the number of bacteria species as well as alpha and beta diversity of model rats， corrected the return of intestinal flora to normal abundance and diversity， and positively regulated 4 differential phyla（such as Firmicutes， Proteobacteria） and 13 differential genera（such as Turicibacter， Lactobacillus， Anaerobiospirillum， Intestinimonas） in COPD model rats with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome， and down-regulated 2 carbohydrate metabolic pathway functions， including the pentose phosphate pathway（non-oxidative branch） Ⅰ and the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle. ConclusionBufeitang can modulate the abundance and diversity of intestinal flora species， affect the function of metabolic pathways， repair the structure of lung and colon tissues， regulate the level of inflammatory factors， and thus improve COPD with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome. The mechanism may be related to its regulation of inflammation-related intestinal flora to restore the balance of lung-gut axis in COPD with lung Qi-deficiency syndrome.
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Objective To investigate the predictive value of MSCT imaging features on the pathological risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Methods The MSCT manifestations of 120 GISTs patients confirmed by operation, pathology and immunohistochemistry were analyzed retrospectively. The age of tumor onset, location, maximum diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cystic necrosis, calcification, peritumoralfat space, enhancement pattern, peritumoralor intratumoral vessels, peak period of enhancement, metastasis, and the relationship between Ki-67 proliferation index and pathological risk grade were also analyzed. Results Among 120 cases, there were 55 cases of extremely low and low risk, 28 cases of moderate risk, and 37 cases of high risk. There were significant differences in location, tumor diameter, morphology, growth pattern, cystic necrosis, peritumoral fat space, enhancement pattern, peritumoral or intratumoral vessels, peak period of enhancement, and Ki-67 proliferation index of GISTs (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in calcification, CT plain scan, enhanced scan (3 phase), peak value and Ap、Vp、Dp of GISTs with different risk (P > 0.05). Conclusion There are differences in the performance of multi-layer spiral CT (MSCT) in GISTs with different risk levels. It is closely related to the classification of pathological risk. For the diagnosis of GISTs, clinical treatment plan formulation and prognosis, it has important reference value.
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To explore the self-organization robustness of the biological neural network, and thus to provide new ideas and methods for the electromagnetic bionic protection, we studied both the information transmission mechanism of neural network and spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) mechanism, and then investigated the relationship between synaptic plastic and adaptive characteristic of biology. Then a feedforward neural network with the Izhikevich model and the STDP mechanism was constructed, and the adaptive robust capacity of the network was analyzed. Simulation results showed that the neural network based on STDP mechanism had good rubustness capacity, and this characteristics is closely related to the STDP mechanisms. Based on this simulation work, the cell circuit with neurons and synaptic circuit which can simulate the information processing mechanisms of biological nervous system will be further built, then the electronic circuits with adaptive robustness will be designed based on the cell circuit.
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Action Potentials , Models, Neurological , Nerve Net , Neuronal Plasticity , NeuronsABSTRACT
This study was aimed to investigate the effect of Yi-Qi Wen-Yang (YQWY) and Huo-Xue Li-Shui (HXLS) decoction on changes of insulin resistance (IR) model and the myocardial tissues of rats with congestive heart failure (CHF) pathology. CHF rat models were established on Wistar male rats through injection of doxorubicin hydrochlo-ride into rat tail vein. Wistar male rats models were randomly divided into the model group, western medicine group, low dose decoction group, middle dose decoction group, and high dose decoction group. After 4-week gavage, 3 mL vein blood was taken from the angular vein sinus for the determination of blood glucose and serum insulin, and the calculation of IR. Finally, the rats were sacrificed. And then, the heart was removed to make HE slice and observe the pathological change of myocardium. The results showed that compared with the model group, YQWY and HXLS decoction can improve the IR level among CHF rats (P<0.05). Among them, the effects of the high dose and middle dose group were obvious. At the same time, this decoction can improve the myocardial cells in CHF rats in myocar-dial cells of the high dose group. And its morphology change was close to the digoxin group. It was concluded that YQWY and HXLS decoction can reverse IR and improve ventricular remodeling among CHF rats to a certain extent.
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This study was aimed to observe the protective effect of astragalus on bones of vitamin D deficiency rat model. A total of 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, which were the control group, model group, and the astragalus group. The experimental period was 8 weeks. After the experiment, enzyme immunoassay was used for the detection of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D3 [25 (OH)VD3], fibroblast growth factor-23 [FGF-23], Klotho, and HE staining of femur. The results showed that compared with the normal control group, the vitamin D deficiency rat model group had a decrease in both serum 25 (OH)VD3 and Klotho, and a increase in FGF-23, which meant the ex-istence of osteoporosis. Compared with the model group, the astragalus group had a decrease in both the serum 25 (OH)VD3 and FGF-23, and a increase in Klotho, which meant the osteoporosis of the astragalus group had been im-proved significantly. It was concluded that astragalus can regulate FGF-23 and Klotho in vitamin D deficiency rats in order to have a protective effect for bones.
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Objective To compare the difference between bone marrow stomal cell (BMSC) and adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) of liver fibrosis in rats.Methods BMSC and ADSC of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were isolated and purified.The stem cell markers were detected with flow cytometry.The coculture system was set up with 0.4 μm Transwell insert semipermeable membrane.ADSC or BMSC were co-cultured with hepatic stellate cells (HSC).Normal hepatocyte cell line of rat (BRL) was co-cultured with HSC as negative control group and HSC cultured alone was blank control group.After cultured for 72 hours,the proliferation of HSC was determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method.The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) of HSC was detected by Western blotting.The apoptosis of HSC was examined by flow cytometry.After BMSC,ADSC and BRL cultured alone for 72 hours,expression level vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),interleukin-10 (IL-10),nerve growth factor (NGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the culture medium were detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.The rats model of liver fibrosis were established.The rats were divided into BMSC treatment group,ADSC treatment group,BRL group and culture medium group,six rats in each group,which were injected with 1.5 mL BMSC,ADSC and BRL cells suspension (5 × 106) through portal vein,respectively,and same volume of culture medium was injected to the rate of culture medium group,once every two weeks for four weeks.The pathological changes of liver tissue sections were observed and liver fibrosis markers were tested.T test was performed for comparison between two samples and analysis of variance was used for comparison among multiple groups.Results BMSC and ADSC were successfully isolated and cultured.The phenotype of BMSC and ADSC was similar.Compared with blank control group and negative control group,both ADSC and BMSC could inhibit the proliferation of HSC and promote apoptosis (proliferation,2.43±0.27,2.39±0.33,1.92±0.38 and 2.18±0.31,FBMSC =25.61,FADSC =38.63,both P＜0.05 ;apoptosis rate,(5.59 ± 0.40)％,(6.82±0.57)％,(8.31± 1.03) ％ and (9.36 ± 0.54) ％,FBMSC =73.69,FADSC =97.41,both P＜ 0.05).The effects of ADSC were more significant than those of BMSC (t=5.76 and 5.18,both P＜0.05).There was difference in the cytokine levels secreted by ADSC and BMSC (NGF,(7.46 ± 0.54) pg/mL vs (3.95 ± 0.71) pg/mL,t =10.92,P＜0.05; TGF-β1,(8.79 ±0.93) pg/mL vs (6.36±0.85) pg/mL,t=7.58,P＜0.05).The cell transplantation experiment indicated that both BMSC and ADSC had significant inhibitory effect on liver fibrosis.The activity index of inflammation and degree of fibrosis in BMSC treatment group and ADSCs treatment group were 9.87±2.07,4.17 ± 0.94 and 10.13 ± 1.81,3.98 ± 0.82,which were significantly lower than those in blank control group (13.78±2.53 and 5.09±1.15)and negative control group (13.34± 1.89 and 4.95± 1.22,FBMSC=51.26 and 32.29,P＜0.05; FADSC =46.73 and 40.94,P＜0.05).The level of hyaluronic acid ((191.5±33.2) μg/L and (178.8±28.2) μg/L),type Ⅲ collagen ((19.9±5.1) μg/L and (21.7± 3.3) μg/L) and hydroxyproline ((312.6±38.8) μg/g and (325.8±28.2) μg/g) of BMSC treatment group and ADSC treatment group were significantly lower than those of negative control group and blank control group (hyaluronic acid,(282.3 ± 18.7) μg/L and (287.5 ± 26.7) μg/L),F =73.51 ; type Ⅲ collagen,(35.3± 3.3) μg/L and (32.5±4.3) μg/L,F=76.19; hydroxyproline,(458.4 ± 38.1) μg/g and (473.9 ± 63.7) μg/g,F=60.37,all P＜0.05).However,there was no difference between BMSC treatment group and ADSC treatment (all P＜0.05).Conclusions ADSC and BMSC had similar stem cell characteristics.There was difference in inhibiting the activation of HSC between ADSC and BMSC.But there was no significant difference in inhibiting liver fibrosis of rats in vivo.
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Objective To determine the relationship between the aggravation of CAAS and coronary atherosclerosis (CAS) ;and to summarize the pathologic character of CAAS of the patients with various coronary artery disease. Methods Review the result of coronary angiography and carotid artery ultrasonography and the related risk factors of the patients who were diagnosed as CAD through coronary angiography ( CAG). The patients were divided into the scleratheroma group and the non scleratheroma group. The patients were divided into stable angina pectoris( AP) group, unstable angina pectoris(UAP) group and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group according to the criterion of coronary artery disease of WHO. The patients were divided into group A (coronary artery of single vessel lession) ,group B( coronary artery of double vessel lession ) , group C( coronary artery of triple vessel lession )and group D(left main vessel lession ).The aggravation of CAAS was graded. Results There were 198 patients with various CAAS among 228 patients with coronary artery disease ( 86. 8%). CAAS was much related with hypertension and non-related with age, sex, BMI, smoking, drinking, hyperlipoidemia, hyperuricosuria and diabetes mellitus. The aggravation of CAAS much graver with much graver CAS. But only the plaque number of Group A was more than Group D( P ＜0. 05). The grading integral and Crouse integral of CAAS of AP group was not remarkable less than UAP group. The grading integral of CAAS of AP group was less than AMI group and the Crouse integral of AP group was more. But there was no remarkable difference. The number of all plaque,plaque and plaque of AP group was not remarkable less than UAP group and AMI group. There was the plaque among the three group. Conclusion Carotid artery atherosclerosis (CAAS) is relative to coronary artery disease ( CAD).
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Objecltive To intensify the coordination and nursing in the operation room in order to prevent surgical site infection after gastrointestinal operation. Methods 337 medical history of patients received gastrointestinal operation and third rate healing from 1999 to 2006 were collected. A series of intensified measures were applied to surgical site infection from 2003 gradually, including invocation of new surgical handwashing method, modified skin disinfection manner, adoption of degreasing with ethanol first before disinfection with iodophor, placement of incision protector and clean bag for incision protection after entering abdomen, changing to use new gastrointestinal anastomofic thimerosal,standardization of operation order and clean manage-ment in operation room. The incidence rate of surgical site infection after gastrointestinal operation of patients from 1999 to 2002 and from 2003 to 2006 underwent χ2 test. Results The incidence rate of surgical site in-fection after gastrointestinal operation greatly decreased after adoption of intensified nursing intervention, Signifi-cant difference existed in rate of patients with third rate healing between the year 1999 to 2002 and 2003 to 2006. Conclusions Modified nursing intervention for surgical incision after gastrointestinal operation can de-crease incision infection rate evidently.
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Objective To study the effects of decoy strategy targeted to NF-KB on the development of trauma-associated liver inflammation in rats. Methods In this study, 108 Wistar rats were randomized into 3 groups: control group, traumatic inflammation group and traumatic inflammation plus decoy ODN group. Rats were sacrificed on 3,6,12,24,48 and 72hrs in each group respectively. Liver functions and structural changes were examined and compared between the groups. DNA binding activity of NF-KB in liver tissue was measured by EMSA. TNF-α and IL-6 gene expressin in liver tissue was assessed by RT-PCR and TNF-α and IL-6 protein level was determined by ELISA. Results The DNA binding activity of NF-kB in liver rose at 3 hours after induction of liver inflammation following trauma and peaked at 12 hours. Correspondingly, both the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α and IL-6 elevated significantly, as well as the serum alanine aminotransferase level culminating at 24 hours after surgery. Hepatocytes was edematous, degeneration and necrosis, with dramatic destruction of lobular structures. All these changes were significantly inhibited with NF-KB decoy oligodeoxynucleotides. Conclusions Decoy oligodeoxynucleotides specifically inhibit the activity of NF-kB, and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6 release from the liver in response to traumatic inflammation decrease, hence the injury on liver structures and functions were alleviated.