Clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae in neonatal intensive care unit / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae(S.agalactiae) in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU), and provide reference for antimicrobial use and intervention measures.Methods Specimens from neonates in the NICU of a hospital in 2010-2014 were collected, the department sources and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of 62 strains of S.agalactiae isolated from children were analyzed.Results 62 strains of S.agalactiae were mainly distributed at full-term NICU, accounting for 64.52％;the main source of specimens was blood, accounting for 90.33％, followed, by cerebrospinal fluid (6.45％), sputum, and secretion(both were 1.61％).S.agalactiae had the highest resistance rate to tetracycline(79.03％);resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin were both 74.19％, resistance rate to levofloxacin was 40.32％, susceptibility rates to penicillin and ampicillin were both 100％.Conclusion S.agalactiae infection mainly occurred in neonates in full-term NICU, and has high resistance rate to multiple antimicrobial agents, penicillin and ampicillin can be used as the preferred antimicrobial agents for the treatment of S.agalactiae infection.

Influence of lumbar disc degeneration on the efficacy of lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position：a finite element study / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To investigate the influence of lumbar disc degeneration on the efficacy of lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position in treating lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH). Methods:We simulated lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation of sitting position using three finite element models including a normal model, a mild degeneration model and a moderate degeneration model of L3-5, in which the herniated disc was assumed at the left rear of L4 disc and the rotation manipulation was carried out on the right side. The displacement and stress at the left rear of L4 disc of the three models were analyzed. Results:When lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position was carried out, a displacement and stress were generated at the left rear of L4 intervertebral disc of the three models directing forward. The displacement and stress in degeneration models were less than those in the normal model, and the smallest values were found in the moderate degeneration model. From normal model to mild and then to the moderate degeneration model, the displacement decreased by 36% and 59%, and the stress decreased by 22.3% and 45.2%, respectively. Conclusion:The lumbar disc degeneration affects adversely the effectiveness of lumbar fixed-point rotation manipulation in sitting position in the treatment of LIDH. The severer the lumbar degeneration, the greater the influence.

Effects of Chaihu Shugan powder on hepatic lipid metabolism and AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 中国病理生理杂志

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of Chaihu Shugan powder ( CSP) on lipid metabolism and the pro-teins involved in adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) pathway in the liver tissues of the rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly di-vided into normal control ( NC) group, with HFD ( HFD) group and CSP group.The NAFLD models were established by feeding with HFD for 16 weeks in the rats.The rats in CSP group were intragastrically administered with CSP extracts (9.6 g· kg-1 · d-1 ) , and blood and liver samples were collected 16 weeks later.Serum and liver levels of total cholesterol ( TC) and triglyceride ( TG) , and serum levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase ( AST) were measured using an automatic biochemical analyzer.The histological changes of liver tissues were observed with HE staining, while the lipid deposition was observed with Oil Red O staining.The ultrastructural changes of the liver tissues were observed under transmission electron microscope.Moreover, the protein levels of AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK), SIRT1 and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the liver were detected by Western blot.RESULTS:The results of HE staining, Oil Red O staining and electron microscopy demonstrated that NAFLD rat model was successfully estab-lished.Compared with NC group, the serum and liver levels of TC and TG, and serum level of AST in model group were markedly elevated ( P<0.01) .Moreover, the protein levels of pAMPK and SIRT1 in HFD group were markedly reduced (P<0.01), whereas UCP2 level was elevated (P<0.01).Furthermore, liver levels of TC and TG, and serum level of AST in GSP group were markedly reduced as compared with HFD group ( P<0.05 ) .The protein levels of pAMPK and SIRT1 were elevated ( P<0.05 ) , whereas the UCP2 level was reduced as compared with HFD group ( P<0.01 ) .The protein level of AMPK between the 3 groups had no significant difference.CONCLUSION: CSP attenuates hepatic lipid disorder and hepatic lipid deposition in NAFLD rats induced by feeding with HFD for 16 weeks, which is associated with the activation of AMPK/SIRT1 pathway.

Effects of acupuncture on PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rats with premature ovarian failure / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of acupuncture and medication on PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rats with premature ovarian failure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ten of fifty SPF-grade female SD rats were randomly selected into a normal group, and the remaining 40 rats were treated with intraperitoneal injection of cyclophospha mide (30 mg/kg) for consecutive 5 days to establish rat model of premature ovarian failure. Thirty five successful rat models were randomly divided into a model group (9 cases), a medication group (9 cases), an acupuncture group A (9 cases) and an acupuncture group B (8 cases). The rats in the model group and normal group did not receive any treatment. The rats in the medication group were treated with intragastric administration of diethylstil bestrol, once a day. The rats in the acupuncture group A and acupuncture group B were respectively treated with acupuncture at different acupoints, twice a day. All the treatment was given for 4 weeks. After the treatment, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to test the levels of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteotropic hormone (LH). The ovarian tissue sample was processed with hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining as well as RNA and protein extraction to test the mRNA expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), estrogen receptor beta (ERP), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High-dose short-term in- tervention of cyclophosphamide could establish rat model of premature ovarian failure with a successful rate of 87.5%. Compared with the normal group, the vaginal smear in the model group was featured with signs of estro gen deficiency, early-follicle reduction, structural damage to the follicle, and reducing number of mature follicles; the level of E2 was significantly reduced (P<0.05), levels of P, FSH and ILH were increased (all P<0.05), and mRNA expression of estrogen-related ERP3, PI3K, Akt and mTOR were all reduced (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the number of mature follicle was increased in the medication group and acupuncture groups, the levels of E2 was obviously increased (all P<0.05). level of FSH was reduced (all P<0.05), and mRNA expression of PI3K, Akt and mTOR all showed an increasing trend (all P<0.05). The differences of each index result between acupuncture groups and medication group were not significant (all P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture has certain advantage for the treatment of premature ovarian failure, which achieves similar therapeu tic effect as estrogen; the possible mechanism may be related to up-regulation of gene and protein expression in PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.</p>

A cross-lagged regression analysis between resilience, mental health and psychological stress of recruits during training / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the resilience and mental health of recruits during training,and to investigate mutual prediction of resilience between mental health and psychological stress to provide the scientific evidence for the mental health training and psychological selection of recruits.MethodsConnor-Davidson resilience questionnaire ( CD-RISC),symptom checklist ( SCL-90 ),psychological stress self-evaluation test ( PSET),satisfaction with life scale (SWLS),positive and negative affect scale (PANAS) were applied to 650 recruits in 2011 before starting training and after two months of training.Results ① Chinese recruits had good resilience,and the CD scores of pre-and post-test were (61.60 ± 14.36) and (61.41 ± 14.55 ) respectively.②Mental health (SCL-90) of two tests were good in recruits.③ Correlation analysis showed that the same premise of phase correlation,resilience (pre-test) could significantly predict mental health (post-test) ( β =0.070,P ＜ 0.05 ),mental health ( pretest) could not predict resilience (post-test) (β =0.015,P ＞ 0.05 ).Resilience (pre-test) could significantly predict psychological stress (post-test) ( β =0.075,P ＜ 0.05 ),psychological stress (pre-test) could not predict resilience (post-test) (β =0.017,P ＞ 0.05 ).④ Compared with high resilience group,low-resilience group of recruits had higher total score of SCL-90 and psychological stress and less positive emotion,more negative emotion and lower life satisfaction.ConclusionThe recruits training have good resilience.Resilience of recruits have predictive ability to mental health,psychological stress during training.

Discussion on etiology,pathogenesis and therapeutic method of exogenous cough in Lingnan Areas / 中华中医药杂志

According to the unique geographical conditions,climatic factors,human constitution,dietary custom,social environment and so on,the main etiology of exogenous cough in Lingnan areas is pathogenic dampness;and the main pathogenesis is phlegm-dampness internal retention and impaired and descending of lung.The syndrome of phlegm-dampness and syndrome of phlegm-heat are more common clinical types.We propose eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm,dispersing and descending lung qi as its main therapeutic methods.For chronic cough,it often have to take the therapeutic methods of strengthening spleen and nourishing lung.