ABSTRACT
Uremic pruritus is one of the skin complications that perplex patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Because the specific pathogenesis is not clear, there is no unified treatment plan in the world. In August 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the use of difelikefalin (under the trade name Korsuva) for the treatment of moderate to severe pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease in adult patients undergoing hemodialysis. Studies have shown that difelikefalin can remarkably reduce the intensity of pruritus and improve sleep and pruritus-related quality of life. The recommended dose of difelikefalin is 0.5 μg/kg, and difelikefalin is well tolerated and has high safety. This paper reviews the pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety of difelikefalin.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the value of single and combination of virtual touch tissue imaging quantification (VTIQ) technique and mammography in diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions. Methods: VTIQ and mammography were performed on 99 patients (110 breast lesions).The mean value of shear wave velocity (SWVmean) of breast lesions were obtained. Mammographic classification of breast lesions was obtained with breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS). Taken pathology as gold standard, the ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of SWVmean, mammography and the combination of these two methods. The differences of AUC among single and combined VTIQ technique and mammography in diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions were compared. Results: SWVmean of benign breast lesions was (3.03±0.78) m/s, of malignant ones was (5.61±2.11) m/s (P<0.001). The cutoff value of SWVmean in diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions was 3.93 m/s, and of mammography was BI-RADS 4B. AUC of VTIQ, mammography and combination was 0.870, 0.749 and 0.873, respectively. The differences of AUC between VTIQ technique and mammography, combination and mammography were statistically significant (P=0.036, 0.015), while of AUC between the combination and VTIQ technique was not statistically significant (P=0.908). Conclusion: Combination of VTIQ technique and mammography has high efficacy in diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for determination of the contents of puerarin in infant Fuxieling effervescent granules with HPLC.METHODS:The puerarin was extracted by ultrasonics, using methanol as solvate.The stratographic column was Shim - Pack C1s with acetonitrile - water( 10: 90) as mobile phase. The flow rate was 2.0ml/min and the detecting wavelenghth was 250nm.The temperature of column was 25℃ .RESULTS:The resolution between the puerarin and the adjacent peaks was ＞1.5 .The number of theoretical plates was 18 550 .The standard curve was linear in the range of 0.964μg～7. 712μg .The average recovery was 100.2% (RSD = 1.76%, n = 6).CONCLUSION:The method is simple, rapid and accurate. It can be used for quality control of the preparation.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To establish the quality standard for Gujing Tablets (Olibanum, Rhizoma Cyperi, Radix Aucklandia, etc.). METHODS: Olibanuln, Rhizoma Cyperi, Radix Aucklandia were identified by TLC, and costuslactone content in Radix Aucklandia was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The TLC identification was highly specific and spots were clear. Costuslactone in Radix Aucklandia showed a good linear relationship. The average recovery was 99.1% (RSD=1.2% and n=5). CONCLUSION: The methods are simple, reliable and have a good reproducibility and can be used for the quality control of Gujing Tablets.