long-term hunger [Ramadan model] a risk factor for acute appendicitis?

To investigate whether long-term hunger and the changes in nutritional routines during Ramadan constitute risk factors in acute appendicitis on the model of Ramadan fasting in this study. This retrospective study was carried out in 2 different hospitals [Istanbul Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital and Kars State Hospital, Kars, Turkey] between January 2004 and December 2007. The data obtained from the patients were classified according to age, gender, age group, and pathological characteristics of the appendix. The data obtained during the Ramadan fasting period was compared with the periods before and after. Nine hundred and ninety-two of the 4288 patients who received a diagnosis of acute appendicitis during the 4 years received their diagnosis during the 3 periods. Three hundred sixty-eight [37.1%] patients underwent surgery before Ramadan, 318 [32.1%] during, and 306 [30.8%] after. No significant difference was observed in terms of perforated and non-perforated AA frequency, age, age group, and gender [p>0.05]. There are changes in the nutritional routines during the Ramadan fasting period due to long-term hunger; and limitations were seen in the fluid and food intake. We detected that these changes did not constitute risk factors for acute appendicitis formation as a result of our study

Ectopic breast carcinoma

A 47-year-old premenopausal woman had a swelling in right axilla which had been diagnosed as "ectopic breast tissue" with an incisional biopsy. A subcutaneous nodule appeared two years ago. The ectopic breast containing the mass was excised with axillary dissection. It was an invasive ductal carcinoma and metastasis was detected in one lymph node. She received local radiotherapy after 6 cycles of chemotherapy and has now been taking hormonotherapy. Ectopic breast tissue has potential for malignant transformation. As its carcinoma has a worse prognosis and a higher incidence of metastasis because of delayed diagnosis, prophylactic excision may be recommended