Insensitivity to pain due to genetic mutation

Pain is neuroanatomically, psychologically and neurophysiologically complicated and its first function is protecting all alive creature body. This issue is so questionable and interesting that people who don't feel pain how face this sensation and what problems threaten them. So many researchers by using 73 references, articles from electronical and library references have done a clinical study about CIPA which is a rare disorder of neuropathic disorders. These patients have no sensation toward pain and paiful stimulations and no sweating. This disorder has been occurred by genetic mutation and has been under study from 1996 to 2012. Which un health - care tream can reduce their complications by early diagnosis and thereaputic and preventive interventions

Prevalence of food contamination with Listeria spp. in Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran

Listeria monocytogenes is a human pathogen causing serious diseases. We aimed to determine food contamination with Listeria spp. in Kermanshah, Islamic Republic of Iran. Samples [185 dairy, 187 meat products and 158 ready-to-eat foods such as salads] were randomly collected from markets. After processing, samples were cultured in half-Fraser and Fraser broth followed by cultivation on PALCAM and Oxford media. Confirmatory tests including carbohydrate utilization were performed on isolates to determine species. Bacteria were isolated from 66/530 samples [12.5%]. Meat products showed the highest [27.2%] and dairy products the lowest [3.8%] contamination rates. L. innocua was found in 56 [10.6%] samples, but L. monocytogenes was only found in 3 samples [0.6%]. The results indicate that the rate of contamination with L. monocytogenes, even for ready-to-eat foods, was low but for other Listeria spp., in particular strains of L. innocua, the rate of contamination was higher, suggesting that more control on food sanitation is required

[Patient satisfaction before and after implementation of paying per case for employees]

Paying per case approach is being applied at Iranian Hospitals as one of the important levers of management, but, the payment rate is not proportionate to the services provided by each staff. The aim of this study was to compare patients' satisfaction of a hospital before and after the implementation of the method of paying per case based on the services provided by each staff. This before-after quasi-experimental study was conducted on two independent groups of hospitalized patients at Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Yasouj city. The sample, before and after intervention was 500 and 660, respectively. The sampling method was purposive. Data collection tool was questionnaire and data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical methods. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the age of the subjects, before and after intervention were 28.15 +/- 13.77 and 29.33 +/- 14.68, respectively. Based on the results, no statistically significant relationship was found between the gender and satisfaction before and after intervention. The education level of samples had statistically significant relationship with their total satisfaction of services before intervention [P<0.05], while, this relationship was not significant after intervention. The patients' satisfaction of nurses' performance and total services was statistically increased after intervention [P<0.05]. Implementing the method of paying per case based on the services provided by each staff, may increase satisfaction rate of patients

[ comparison of efficacy of isopropyl alcohol and ethanol in disinfection programs in pediatrics ward and neonatal intensive care unit]

Hospital infections are still one of the main causes of death. These infections may be transferred from one patient to another or through medical devices. The prevalence of hospital-acquired infection is 6%-12%. This rate increases to about 65% in some underdeveloped countries. The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of Isopropyl alcohol and Ethanol in disinfection in pediatrics ward and neonatal intensive care unit. In this trial, 116 specimens were collected from medical devices before and after disinfecting with Isopropyl alcohol and Ethanol. In order to assess the exact effect of these two disinfectants, some of the medical devices were exposed directly to microorganism colonies and then were disinfected using Isopropyl alcohol or Ethanol. Samples were cultured on Petri dishes. The results of cultured specimens before disinfection showed that some microorganisms such as Staphylococcus, Escherichia-Coli [E. coli], Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter were grown on medical devices. After disinfection, only two microorganisms grew [staphylococcus and Escherichia-Coli] on devices that were disinfected with Ethanol; and there were no growth on the devices that were disinfected with Isopropyl alcohol. The results of the study showed that the Isopropyl Alcohol is more effective in disinfecting than the Ethanol. Since the Ethanol needs more time and specific procedures to act, it should be better to use disinfectants like Isopropyl Alcohol that acts faster and simpler

[ effect of hydroalcoholic extract of mentha piperita [complement treatment] on severity of depressed patients]

Depression is a prevalent psychiatrical disease and among the most disabling psychiatrical health problems in various societies. It has been estimated that, till the year 2020, depression will be the second prevalent disease after cardio-vascular disease and will include 15% of the human diseases. This study was carried out to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita [complement treatment] on patient's depression severity. This is a triple blind random clinical trial research carried out on depressed patients referred to the Shahid Mofateh Clinic of Yasouj city during 2007-2008. The patient's depression severity was evaluated by Beck questionnaire and they were divided into 5 groups as random allocation and each group consisted of 24 persons. Then, Hydroalcoholic extract of Mentha piperita was given to four groups at the rate of 10.0mg, 50.0mg, 100.0mg and 200.0mg respectively per day and the fifth group received placebo. The treatment was continued for a period of two months. After this period, again the depression rates of patients were evaluated with the help of same questionnaire and were compared with the rates before the intervention. Collected data were analyzed with the help of descriptive tests, x[2] statistical test, one way variance analyzed and variance with repeated measurements. The results of the study indicated that the highest anti depression effect was seen in those patients who received 100.0mg and 200.0mg of the extract and the lowest rate allocated to the groups of 50.0mg, placebo group and 10.0mg respectively. Statistical analysis using repeated measurements confirmed the difference at the level of 0.1 between the mean of depression rate of the five research groups before and after intervention [p=0.078]. Based on the results of the current study, spearmint juice at the rate of 100.0mg and 200.0mg can be used as supplement in treatment of depressed patients. However, more studies are needed to find out the proper dose of the extract

[Comparing the pain severity caused by muscular injection of Tramadole in Z and bulb methods]

Pain, rather than any other problems, would persuade people to pursue remedy and treatment. Muscular injections are among pain producing factors. This technique of prescription can be followed by some complications from which pain is the most prevalent one. This study was performed to compare the pain severity caused by muscular injection of Tramadole in Z and Bulb methods. This is a clinical trial study in which 90 women who referred to the emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti hospital in Yasooj in 2006 were randomly selected. Data collection instrument was questionnaire. The pain severity was evaluated by visual scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical method, independent T and chi square test using SPSS software. Mean of pain severity in bulb method was 2.84 +/- 1.242 and in Z method was 4.56 +/- 1.659. The independent T test indicated that the differences in pain severity in two injection methods were statistically significant [p=0.036]. No significant differences were found between age, educational level, job, marriatal status, number of previous injections and BMI of samples between two groups. Bulb method injection induces less pain in comparison with Z method; therefore it is an ideal method for muscular injections. As such, health care workers, especially nurses, can, through this method, minimize the patients' pain, which is one of the most important injection complaints

Complications, type and severity of physical injuries due to violence in women referring to Legal Medical Center of Yasouj

Despite significant changes in the twenty first century the issues of discrimination and violence against women, remains unsolved worldwide. It seems that, the problem rooted in the culture of society, as acceptable normal social behaviors in some communities. In this respect, the purpose of the study was determination of type, severity and consequences of harms and injuries caused by beating and violence in women referring to Yasouj Legal Medical Center [LMC]. The design was a descriptive cross-sectional study in the Yasouj Legal Medical Center in 2005. The Sampling Method was census. The study subjects included all women and girls who were battered and referred to the Yasouj Legal Medical Center. The sample size was 325 subjects in this study. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire and interview. The study results were analyzed by descriptive, analytical statistics. The findings of the study, showed that the majority of the women [31.1%] had trauma and laceration because of their husbands violence against them and few of them [0.9%] were battered by their fathers. Also, the results of this study showed that, 61.5% of the type of injuries were kinds of bruises and ecchymosis. In the most cases [68.8%], the severity of the damages was diagnosed as moderate trauma. The most important complication occurred in the majority of the women [55.4%] was bleeding from the damaged tissues. According to the research findings, the rate of beating and laceration of the women in with serious complications and consequences Yasouj was high. Therefore, it would be necessary o investigate the ethiology of this ploblem deeply and to pay more attention to the issue of violence against women