Knowledge and Attitude of Mother with Regards to Emergency Management of Dental Trauma and Avulsion- A Clinical Study in Bihar

Background: Traumatic dental injuries are the most unanticipated events that, if not managed appropriately can have serious consequences for the patient. The dental trauma leads to varying degree of consequences right from abrasion of soft tissue to, displacement and loss of tooth (avulsion) and associated structure. Aims and objective: To assess the general knowledge of mothers with regards to immediate dental trauma (Avulsion) management and their attitude towards public education through a questionnaire. Methods: Total of 200 participants was taken and a detailed questionnaire is provided. Results: 200 mothers of different background were participated. In among 200 mothers 22.5% were below 10th standard and only 6% knows about dental trauma, among 10th -12 standard only 13% aware about dental trauma, however among graduate mother it is 45%. Conclusion: This study showed the need of a more effective communication between dental professionals and mothers to better handle dental emergencies. Intervention programmes should be considered to increase mothers awareness regarding dental injuries.

Fatty acid composition of leaf oil and analgesic activity of alcoholic extract of ficus benghalensis leaves

The fatty acid composition of leaf oil of Ficus benghalensis has been determined. The four fatty acids viz. lauric [3.8%], palmitic [63.6%], oleic [32.3%] and linoleic [0.3%] have been identified on the basis of GLC analysis. Further, owing to the vast medicinal importance of Ficus benghalensis, the analgesic activity of alcoholic extract of leaves has been studied and an increase in reaction time as compared to standard pentazocine has been observed

Study of antinociceptive and antioxidant activities of [Hyptis capitata, Litsea glutinosa and Vernonia patula three medicinal plants of Bangladesh

A number of Bangladeshi medicinal plants have been reported to possess antinociceptive and antioxidant activities. Many of which have been used in the preparations of the Unani and Ayurvedic traditional medicine. As a part of our on-going research for exploring the bioactivities of Bangladeshi medicinal plants. Bala [llyptis capitata], Kukur-Chita [Litsea glutinosa], and Bonmulo [Vernonia patula] have been studied for their antinociceptive and antioxidant activity together with the phytochemicals namely, alkaloids, flavonoids. steroids, and tannins. Except for L. glutinosa, the ethanolic extracts of V. patula and H. capitata significantly reduced the acetic acid induced writhing in mice. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay all the extracts showed mild to moderate activity, in which IC[50] of H. capitata and V. patula were > 100 micro g/ml and that of L. glutinosa was > 500 micro g/ml. All the extracts showed positive tests with Dragendorffs. Braemer's, and Liebermann-Burchardt's reagent but gave negative result with Shinoda's reagents, except for V. patula

Phytochemical and biological investigations of erythrina variegata

Five compounds were isolated from the n-hexane and chloroform soluble fractions of a methanol extract of the stem bark of Erythrina variegata. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated as alpinum isoflavone [1], epilupeol [2], 6-hydroxygenistein [3], 3beta 28-dihydroxyolean-12-ene [4] and stigmasterol [5] by extensive spectroscopic studies, including high field NMR analyses. Different partitionates of the methanol extract exhibited mild to moderate antimicrobial activity and varying degrees of cytotoxicity. Although, alpinum isoflavone [1] has previously been reported from E. variegata, this is the first report of isolation of compounds 2-4 and stigmasterol from this plant species

screening of majoon-e-azaraqi for cardiovascular and peripheral activity

Majoon-e-Azaraqi is a compund formulation of Unani drugs and is used as a general and nervine tonic. It consists of fourteen ingredients which are mainly used in arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, gout, paralysis, sciatica and in neuralgia. It is also reported to possess anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity [Khan et al., 1986]. The present study was undertaken to investigate it's cardiovascular effect. The aqueous extract of Majoon-e-Azaraqi in a dose of 10 mg/kg produces a transient fall in anaesthetized cat blood pressure followed by bradycardia. The extract did not alter the carotid occlusion response nor did it affect the responses of any of the agonists viz., acetylcholine, histamine, isoprenaline, adrenaline. It's own response was unaffected by atropine but partially blocked by mepyramine maleate. Contrary to the effect on cat blood pressure the majoon extract produced a transient rise in rat blood pressure which was found to be dose dependent. On Langendorff's heart preparation and perfused frog heart, the drug extract produced a +ve inotropic and -ve chronotropic effect. On Straub's heart preparation the lower doses of extract produced a +ve inotropic effect but at higher doses it produced a -ve inotropic effect. It antagonised histamine induced contraction of guinea pig ileum and acetylcholine induced contraction of frog rectus muscle. The majoon was thus seen to possess cardiotonic activity, contrary vasopressor effects in cat and rat, histaminic activity as well as anticholinergic activity at skeletal muscle

Sacral agenesis: a report of two cases and review of literature

Two cases of sacral agenesis are reported and literature is reviewed