Comparative evaluation of bacterial microleakage of three root canal filling materials, Resilon, gutta flow and Gutta-Percha with AH26 sealer

Apical leakage of tissue fluids around root canal space was cited as the most common cause of root canal treatment failures, for which, fillings of root canal with root filling materials was suggested to achieve adequate apical seal and to prevent leakage. Due to the importance of adequate apical seal, different root canal filling materials were developed and used for this purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare bacterial apical leakage through root canal filling materials of Resilon, GuttaFlow and Gutta-Percha with AH26 sealer. In this in vitro experimental study, 55 single-rooted teeth with healthy roots meeting the study inclusion criteria were selected and randomly divided in 3 experimental groups each containing 15 specimens and 2 positive and negative control groups each with 5 samples. The teeth crown were sectioned near the CEJ, the teeth canals were instrumented with step- back technique while group 1 was obturated with Gutta-Percha, and group 2 with Resilon using a cold condensation technique. Group 3 was obturated with GuttaFlow as recommended by manufacturer. Two-chamber bacterial methods were used to assess bacterial apical leakage by means of Enterococcus Faecalis bacterium during a 60 days time interval. The data were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier test. In root canals filled with Resilon, the median of the day in which leakage was occurred was 17, in Gutta-Percha specimens it was 18 and in canals filled with GuttaFlow the median was 19. 93.3% of the roots filled with each Resilon or Gutta-Percha showed apical bacterial leakage during 60 days while in canals filled with GuttaFlow, the leakage was observed in 80%. Kaplan-Meier test showed no significant differences comparing the day in which the leakage was occurred or the overall incidence of leakage in three materials. Under the conditions of the present study, three root canal filling materials showed similar rates of apical bacterial leakage as no significant statistical differences were noted among them

effect of gender differences on the response of IL-6, IL-5, cortisol to single session of circuit resistance exercise in elite handball players

Very few studies have been done with regard to the gender differences of the immune system in responding to exercise, which generally do not control women's period cycle. Considering that levels of sex hormones differ during the menstrual cycle this study investigates the influence of gender differences on the response of IL-6, IL-15, cortisol and sex hormone to a single session of circuit resistance exercise in both male and female elite Handball players, while controlling CHECK on the women menstrual period cycles. The participants of the study were 12 elite Handball players, 5 men and 7 women. The circuit resistance exercise included 10 min warming, performing chest press, leg press, leg press, abdominal crunch, literal pull down, leg extension in 3 sets with 10 repetitions with 60% 1RM and 10 min cooling down. Pre, immediately and 2 hours post exercise, the blood samples were collected in order to measure IL-6, IL-15, cortisol, testosterone and estrogen levels. Results indicated that IL-6 concentration was different in the two groups after the exercise, which showed an increase in men and a decrease in women. There was no significant difference between the two groups IL-15 levels, but significant difference was observed between the two groups in cortisol, testosterone and estrogen levels. A single session of circuit resistance exercise resulted in different responses in the Immune system of men, in comparison with women

[ effect of semen analysis factors regarding IUI with male factor infertility]

There is evidence in literature that IUI is the first line treatment and the most cost-effective procedure for mild to moderate male factor sub-fertility, however, the relative influence of various semen characteristics with the likelihood of a successful outcome is controversial. This study is designed to show the correlation between semen parameters and the pregnancy rate in patients, with mild to moderate male factor sub-fertility and whose wives were normal and underwent hyper-stimulation, including IUI. From January 2005 to January of 2006, 95 couples with male factor infertility underwent 140 IUI cycles with husbands washed semen were included in this study .They were divided into two groups based on semen parameters, mild and moderate. Post- wash sperm parameters, type of infertility [primary and secondary], male/ female age and duration of infertility were evaluated and correlated with clinical pregnancy outcome. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was 26 [18.5%]; 15 [21.4%] in mild group, while 11[15.7%] in moderate group. The clinical pregnancy rate per couple was 27.3%. There were significant correlation between female age, duration of infertility, sperm concentration and progressive motility, and clinical pregnancy. Our findings suggest that post- wash sperm concentration and progressive motility, female age and duration of infertility are the most important factors for prediction of successful pregnancy

[ study on relation between time of clomiphen citrate administration and pregnancy rate in patients with unexplainable infertility]

Introduction: there are many methods for treatment of patients with unexplained infertility. The easiest method is induction of ovulation and the most commonly used drug for induction of ovulation is Clomiphen Citrate

Objective: this study was carried out to compare the efficacy of different methods of Clomiphen Citrate administration for induction of ovulation

Materials and Methods: this is a randomized clinical trial performed on 60 cases with unexplained infertility in Mirzakoochakkhan Hospital of Tehran from September 23, 2001 to March 20, 2003. Patients were divided into three groups with 20 cases in each group. All three groups were treated with Clomiphen Citrate 100 mg/d. In group A, 100 mg of Clomiphen Citrate was given for the first 5 days of the cycle and in group B on days 3-7 and in group C on days 5-9

Results: the results showed no significant differences in age, parity, duration of infertility, weight or endometrial pattern in the three groups. The mean follicles number in group A was 2+/- 0.85, in group B 2.25+/- 0.9 and in group C 1.1+/- 0.8. There was signiticant difference between three groups. We observed 2 pregnancy cases in group A, 4 pregnancies in group B and 1 pregnancy in group C. No differences in the mean serum progestrone levels in mid - luteal phase were detected between the three groups

Conclusion: considering the results obtained, it appears that administration of Clomiphen Citrate on days 3-7 exert the best impact on the folicle number and pregnancy rate