ABSTRACT
Aim and Background: the aim of the present investigation was to determine the relationship between smoking and periodontal disease in Kerman population
Methods and Materials: three hundred patients, referred to the clinics in the city of Kerman, were randomly selected and studied. The study was a cross - sectional, descriptive - analytic one consisting of 150 smoking samples [Case group] and 150 non - smoking samples [Controls], with the age range of under 20 to over 50. There was a correspondence between both groups in age and gender of the samples. None of the subjects and any systemic problems. For each patient, a questionnaire was completed by a trained person [Student] on personal characteristics, the number and duration of smoking. Periodontal status was examined by Williams probe, mirror, unit light and the measurement of periodontal disease index. If a tooth was not present, its distally located tooth was examined as its substitute. In this research, side - effects such as hairy tongue, mdeian rhomboid glossitis and halitosis were investigated as well
Results: the results revealed that the prevalence of periodontal diseases among smoking people are more than non - smoking ones [P<0.05]. Additionally, an increase in the duration and number of smoking results in more severe disease. The severity of the periodontal disease at the age range of [20-39] was more than other groups. The smoking chance of periodontally diseased people was 4.6 times more than others. To analyze the data, SPSS statistical software and X2, ANOVA, Kruskal wallis tests were used. The smoking people were also affected with median rhomboid glossitis 3.25 times more than non - smoking people. Halitosis and hairy tongue were observed among smoking subjects more than non-smoking ones
Conclusion: the present study showed a significant relationship between smoking and periodontal disease [P<0.005] Meaning that periodontal disease is more in smoking group than non - smoking