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Objective@#To investigate the status of insomnia, Internet addiction, and depressive symptoms among medical students and to analyze the effect of Internet addiction on insomnia and the mediating role of depressive symptoms, in order to provide a basis for the development of targeted interventions and measurements for medical students.@*Methods@#A stratified whole group sampling method was used to select full-time college students from three medical universities in Anhui Province. The Chinese version of Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Internet Addiction Test (IAT) scale and 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate the symptoms of insomnia, Internet addiction and depressive in students. A multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing insomnia among medical students and to analyze the relationship between insomnia with Internet addiction and depressive symptoms, respectively.@*Results@#The overall rate of Internet addiction was 49.5%, depressive symptoms was 39.5%, insomnia was 18.6%. High academic stress, and the presence of surrounding people diagnosed with COVID-19 were associated with a higher risk of insomnia ( P <0.05). The higher the level of Internet addiction (mild, OR =2.60; moderate/severe, OR =4.21) and depression. (mild, OR =6.35; moderate/severe, OR =19.32), the higher the risk of insomnia. Mediated effect analysis showed that Internet addiction had a direct predictive effect ( β =0.02, P <0.05) on insomnia and also indirectly affected insomnia through depression (indirect effect=0.07，95% CI =0.06-0.08).@*Conclusion@#The detected rates of insomnia, Internet addiction and depressive symptoms are high among medical students in Anhui Province, and Internet addiction and depressive symptoms are risk factors for insomnia, which should be given more attention and appropriate interventions when necessary to improve their physical and mental health.
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@#Objective: To study the effect of anti-aging Klotho protein on immune escape mediated by regulatory T cells (Treg)/helper T cells 17 (TH17) in mice bearing cervical cancer and its mechanism. Methods: The model of cervical cancer-bearing mice were established, and the control group (normal mice), model group (cervical cancer-bearing mice model), and Klotho treatment group (cervical cancer-bearing mice treated with Klotho protein, 200 ng/d) were set up. The weight of cervical cancer tumors in mice of each group was weighed at 7 and 14 days after treatment respectively, PBMCs were separated at the same time. Flow cytometry was used to detect the changes of T lymphocyte function and the proportion of Treg and TH17 cells in mice. qPCR was used to detect the expressions of Foxp3 and RORγt, the key transcription factors of Treg/TH17 cells, in PBMCs of mice in each group. The changes of IL-17, IL-6, IL10, TGF-β and IL-23 in PBMCs were detected by ELISA. The protein expressions of Klotho, TGF-β, Foxp3 and RORγt in PBMCs of mice were detected by WB assay. Results: On the 14th day, the tumor inhibition rate of the cervical cancer-bearing mice in the Klotho group was significantly higher than that in the Model group [(52.16±8.25)% vs (23.33±6.29)% the model group to be supplemented, P< 0.05). Compared with the Control group, the ratios of Treg and TH17 cells in the lymphocytes of the tumor-bearing mice significantly increased (all P<0.05), the ratios of total T lymphocytes (CD3+), auxiliary/induced T lymphocytes (CD3+CD4+) and immune index (CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ cells) decreased significantly (all P<0.05); in addition, the mRNAexpressions of Foxp3 and RORγt genes, cytokines of IL-17, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β and IL-23, as well as protein expressions of TGF-β1, Foxp3 and RORγt increased significantly (all P <0.05), while the level of Klotho protein significantly decreased in Model group (P<0.05). Compared with the Model group, the above indicators showed opposite changes in Klotho group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference with the Control group (all P> 0.05). Conclusion: Klotho protein may inhibit Treg/TH17 cell-mediated immune evasion in cervical cancer-bearing mice by inhibiting TGF-β1/Foxp3/RORγt signaling pathway and exert anti-tumor effect.
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Objective@#To study the stress distribution in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) of maxillary first premolars under the conditions of different defect shapes, restorative materials and loading directions and to analyze the effect of different conditions on the treatment of NCCLs.@*Methods @#Three-dimensional finite element models of cervical defects of the maxillary first premolar were established by oral CBCT in a healthy adult. According to the shape of the cavity bottom, the cavity was divided into two groups: acute angle and obtuse angle. In addition to healthy dental controls, defects in each group were simulated and virtually treated with three kinds of restorative materials (glass ionomer cement, Z350 resin and bulk resin) as research objects. Four kinds of loads (normal occlusal vertical load, normal occlusal lateral load, traumatic occlusal vertical and lateral load) were applied. The lateral load of occlusion was 100 N, and the stress distribution in the prosthesis was analyzed.@*Results @#Under the condition with different cavity types that the NCCL near the pulp line was sharp, the stress in the wedge-shaped defect repair material was concentrated and significantly higher than that in the other obtuse groups. Under the condition with different repair materials, in the bottom of the acute cavity, the glass ionomer cement showed less stress than the two kinds of resin. The maximum stress in the prosthetic material in the traumatic occlusion state was significantly higher than that in the normal occlusion state, and the lateral load was more concentrated than the vertical load on the neck defect.@*Conclusion @#The stress in maxillary first premolar NCCLs is affected by the shape of the cavity and the loading direction. A simulated acute cavity morphology and traumatic force mode produced concentrated stress in the material used to repair the NCCL. Before restoration, the bottom of an acute cavity should be adjusted to an obtuse angle. After treatment, the bite of the affected tooth adjusts over time to reduce traumatic occlusion, which is beneficial for improving the service life of the filling material.
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Food intake has a great influence on blood glucose in patients with diabetes.This study was to determine the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of a particular pomelo named Majia pomelo and its effects on postprandial glucose (PPG) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Twenty healthy subjects and 20 T2D patients (controlled on lifestyle measures and/or metformin) were tested on 2 separate days with 50 g of glucose and 50 g equivalent of carbohydrates from Majia pomelo for GI measurement.To test effects of Majia pomelo on PPG,19 hospitalized T2D patients (controlled on insulin therapy) were selected for a 9-day study.The dose of insulin for each patient was adjusted on the first 3 days.A total of 100 mg Majia pomelo was consumed per meal in the last 3 tested days.Blood glucose was measured to evaluate the glycemic excursions.The GIs for Majia pomelo in healthy individuals and T2D patients were 78.34± 1.88 and 72.15±1.95 respectively.The value of GL was as low as 4.23 in diabetic patients with serving size of 100 g pomelo,indicting Majia pomelo as a high GI but low GL fruit.Consumption of Majia pomelo in hospitalized T2D patients did not cause significant glucose fluctuation.It was concluded that high GI pomelo can serve as a low GL fruit if it is consumed with a limited daily amount and thus can be supplied to diabetic patients.These results may mean more varieties of food choices for T2D patients.